Editing Barium (section)

===Palaeoceanography===

The lateral mixing of barium is caused by water mass mixing and ocean circulation.<ref name="Pyle-2018">{{Cite journal|last1=Pyle|first1=Kimberley M.|last2=Hendry|first2=Katharine R.|last3=Sherrell|first3=Robert M.|last4=Legge|first4=Oliver|last5=Hind|first5=Andrew J.|last6=Bakker|first6=Dorothee|last7=Venables|first7=Hugh|last8=Meredith|first8=Michael P.|date=2018-08-20|title=Oceanic fronts control the distribution of dissolved barium in the Southern Ocean|url=https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/67533/1/Accepted_manuscript.pdf|journal=Marine Chemistry|language=en|volume=204|pages=95–106|doi=10.1016/j.marchem.2018.07.002|bibcode=2018MarCh.204...95P |s2cid=104170533|issn=0304-4203|hdl=1983/ff280483-67cd-46a3-9548-1a782098ea27|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Global ocean circulation reveals a strong correlation between dissolved barium and silicic acid.<ref name="Pyle-2018" /> The large-scale ocean circulation combined with remineralization of barium show a similar correlation between dissolved barium and ocean alkalinity.<ref name="Pyle-2018" />

Dissolved barium's correlation with silicic acid can be seen both vertically and spatially.<ref name="Bates-2017">{{Cite journal|last1=Bates|first1=Stephanie L.|last2=Hendry|first2=Katharine R.|last3=Pryer|first3=Helena V.|last4=Kinsley|first4=Christopher W.|last5=Pyle|first5=Kimberley M.|last6=Woodward|first6=E. Malcolm S.|last7=Horner|first7=Tristan J.|date=2017-05-01|title=Barium isotopes reveal role of ocean circulation on barium cycling in the Atlantic|url=https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/ws/files/100680705/Bates_Ba_isotopes_FINAL.pdf|journal=Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta|language=en|volume=204|pages=286–299|doi=10.1016/j.gca.2017.01.043|bibcode=2017GeCoA.204..286B|issn=0016-7037|hdl=1912/8676|s2cid=55559902 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Particulate barium shows a strong correlation with [[Particulate organic matter|particulate organic carbon]] or POC.<ref name="Bates-2017" /> Barium is becoming more popular as a base for palaeoceanographic proxies.<ref name="Bates-2017" /> With both dissolved and particulate barium's links with silicic acid and POC, it can be used to determine historical variations in the biological pump, carbon cycle, and global climate.<ref name="Bates-2017" />

The barium particulate barite (BaSO<sub>4</sub>), as one of many proxies, can be used to provide a host of historical information on processes in different oceanic settings (water column, sediments, and hydrothermal sites).<ref name="Griffith-2012" /> In each setting there are differences in isotopic and elemental composition of the barite particulate.<ref name="Griffith-2012" /> Barite in the water column, known as marine or pelagic barite, reveals information on seawater chemistry variation over time.<ref name="Griffith-2012" /> Barite in sediments, known as diagenetic or cold seeps barite, gives information about sedimentary redox processes.<ref name="Griffith-2012" /> Barite formed via hydrothermal activity at hydrothermal vents, known as hydrothermal barite, reveals alterations in the condition of the earth's crust around those vents.<ref name="Griffith-2012" />