Editing American chestnut (section)

==Surviving specimens==
[[File:Castanea dentata-foliage.jpg|thumb|upright|American chestnut leaves, late spring]]
[[File:American Chestnut, November 2015, Lumpkin Co. GA.jpg|thumb|upright|Shoot with fall foliage taken in November in North Georgia]]
[[File:Castanea dentata at Oakdale Campus in Coralville, Iowa.jpg|thumb|upright|Lone American chestnut in late winter in Iowa]]
[[File:AmericanChestnutNovaScotia.jpg|thumb|upright|Mature, healthy American chestnut in [[Halifax, Nova Scotia]]]]

* About 2,500 chestnut trees are growing on {{convert|60|acre}} near [[West Salem, Wisconsin]], which is the world's largest remaining stand of American chestnut. These trees are the descendants of those planted by Martin Hicks, an early settler in the area, who planted fewer than a dozen trees in the late 19th century. Planted outside the natural range of chestnut, these trees escaped the initial onslaught of chestnut blight, but in 1987 scientists found blight in the stand. Scientists are working to try to save the trees.<ref name="Chestnut's Last Stand">{{cite web |last=Childs |first=Gina |url=http://dnr.wi.gov/wnrmag/html/stories/2002/aug02/chest.htm |title=Chestnut's Last Stand |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822171751/http://www.dnr.wi.gov/wnrmag/html/stories/2002/aug02/chest.htm |archive-date=August 22, 2010 |work=Wisconsin Natural Resources Magazine |date=August 2002 |via=dnr.wi.gov |access-date=April 19, 2012 }}</ref>
* Some 1,348 chestnut trees, varying in size from seedlings to nearly mature trees, are growing in a forest in western Maine. These chestnuts were originally established in 1982 from four seed-bearing trees sourced from wild stock of a northern Michigan relict population. This grove of trees has dispersed over an area up to 370 meters from the parent trees. The trees appear to be free of chestnut blight.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mazurowski |first1=Jason |last2=Heinrich |first2=Bernd |last3=Heinrich |first3=Lena |last4=Loeb |first4=Carolyn |last5=Rives |first5=Robert |title=The Continued Spread of a Wild Population of American Chestnuts |journal=Northeastern Naturalist |date=20 July 2022 |volume=29 |issue=3 |doi=10.1656/045.029.0302|s2cid=250936749 }}</ref> The University of Maine Foundation believes it has the tallest chestnut in North America on its property in [[Lovell, Maine]]. As per a 2015 measurement, it was {{convert|115|ft}} tall, {{convert|16|in}} in girth and believed to be around 100 years old.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-12-03 |title=Tallest American Chestnut Tree Found In Maine |url=https://www.mainepublic.org/environment-and-outdoors/2015-12-03/tallest-american-chestnut-tree-found-in-maine |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=Maine Public |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hashey |first=Monique |date=2016-02-17 |title=Tallest American chestnut tree in North America discovered on Foundation property |url=https://umainefoundation.org/tallest-american-chesnut-tree-in-north-america-discovered-on-foundation-property/ |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=University of Maine Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Two of the largest surviving trees are in [[Jackson County, Tennessee]]. One, the state champion, has a diameter of {{convert|61|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} and a height of {{convert|23|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, and the other tree is nearly as large. One of them has been pollinated with hybrid pollen by members of The American Chestnut Foundation; the progeny will have mostly American chestnut genes and some will be blight resistant.
* A stand of several trees near [[Warm Springs, Georgia]], has a tree that is approximately 20–30 years old and {{convert|13|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} tall and is the southernmost American chestnut tree known to be flowering and producing nuts.<ref name=rare>Minor, Elliott. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/19/AR2006051901548.html "Rare American Chestnut Trees Discovered"]. ''[[The Washington Post]]'', May 19, 2006. Retrieved September 23, 2015.</ref><ref name=found>Merkle, Scott A. [http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/geography-environment/american-chestnut "American Chestnut"]. ''[[New Georgia Encyclopedia]]'', February 11, 2015. Retrieved September 23, 2015.</ref>
* A large tree was found in [[Talladega National Forest]], Alabama, in 2005.<ref>Spencer, Thomas. [http://blog.al.com/spotnews/2010/12/seeds_of_hope_for_american_che.html "Seeds of hope arise for American Chestnuts, head of Alabama chapter of American Chestnut Foundation says"]. ''[[The Birmingham News]]'', December 4, 2010. www.blog.al.com. Retrieved September 23, 2015.</ref>
* In 2007 a stand of trees was discovered near the northeastern Ohio town of [[Braceville Township, Ohio|Braceville]].<ref name=defy>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=799&dat=20070827&id=54NaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wUkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3203,6271855&hl=en "Stand of Chestnut Trees Defying Odds"]. ''[[The Bryan Times]]'', August 27, 2007. [[Google News]]. Retrieved September 23, 2015.</ref><ref name=braceville>{{cite news |last=Haddon |first=Heather |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390444233104577593571278706402 |title=Hopes for a Chestnut Revival Growing |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=August 19, 2012 |access-date=September 23, 2015 }}</ref> The stand encompasses four large flowering trees, the largest of which is about {{convert|23|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} tall, sited among hundreds of smaller trees that have not begun to flower, located in and around a sandstone quarry. A combination of factors may account for the survival of these relatively large trees, including low levels of blight susceptibility, hypovirulence, and good site conditions. In particular, some stands may have avoided exposure due to being located at a higher altitude than blighted trees in the neighboring area; the fungal spores are not carried to higher altitudes as easily.<ref name=defy/>
* In 2008, officials of the [[Ohio Department of Natural Resources]] announced a rare adult American chestnut tree had been discovered in a marsh near [[Lake Erie]]. The officials admitted they had known about the tree for seven years but had kept its existence a secret. The exact location of the tree is still being held secret, both because of the risk of infecting the tree and because an eagle had nested in its branches. They described the tree as being {{convert|89|ft}} tall and having a circumference of {{convert|5|ft}}. The American Chestnut Foundation was also only recently told about the tree's existence.<ref name=hide>[http://www.ohio.com/news/top-stories/rare-american-chestnut-tree-discovered-in-sandusky-marsh-1.94039 "Rare American chestnut tree discovered in Sandusky marsh"]. ''[[Akron Beacon Journal]]'', June 17, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2015.</ref>
* Members of the Kentucky chapter of the [[American Chestnut Foundation]] have been pollinating a tree found on a farm in [[Adair County, Kentucky|Adair County]], and a specimen found on Henderson Ridge in [[Elliott County, Kentucky|Elliott County]]. The Adair County tree is over one hundred years old.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.columbiamagazine.com/index.php?sid=12051 |title=State's largest historic Chestnut tree stands on an Adair County farm |work=Columbia Magazine |date=June 17, 2005 |access-date=October 5, 2015 }}</ref><ref>Flavell, John. [http://www.dailyindependent.com/news/local_news/american-tale-bringing-back-the-perfect-tree/article_1f44ba9a-166d-5a44-adb8-9e7df0468811.html "American tale: Bringing back the perfect tree"]. ''www.dailyindependent.com'', July 24, 2009.</ref>
* In 2007 a mature American chestnut was discovered in [[Farmington, New Hampshire]].<ref>Ramsdell, Laurenne. [http://www.fosters.com/article/20130721/GJNEWS_01/130729869 "Farmington chestnut tree may have saved species"]. ''www.fosters.com'', July 21, 2013. Retrieved September 25, 2015.</ref>
* In rural [[Missaukee County, Michigan]], a blight-free grove of American chestnut trees approximately {{convert|0.33|acre}} in size with the largest tree measuring {{convert|128|in|cm|abbr=on}} in circumference ({{convert|40|in|cm|abbr=on}} diameter) has been located. It is believed to be the result of nuts planted by early settlers in the area. The American Chestnut Council has verified its identity and existence. Efforts have been initiated to protect the property from logging and development.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}} In [[Lansing, Michigan]], Fenner Nature Center is home to a grove of blight-free American chestnuts descended from the grove in Missaukee County.<ref>Hull, Christopher. [http://www.mynaturecenter.org/Resources/Documents/The%20American%20Chestnut%20Project%20at%20Fenner%20Nature%20Center,%20Full%20Version%2012-16-10.pdf "The American Chestnut Project at Fenner Nature Center"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517122106/http://www.mynaturecenter.org/Resources/Documents/The%20American%20Chestnut%20Project%20at%20Fenner%20Nature%20Center,%20Full%20Version%2012-16-10.pdf |date=May 17, 2014 }}. ''www.mynaturecenter.org.'' Retrieved September 23, 2015.</ref>
* American chestnuts have been located on [[Beaver Island (Lake Michigan)|Beaver Island]] in [[Lake Michigan]].<ref>Whately, Cathryn Elizabeth, Daniel E. Wujek and Edwin E. Leuck II. [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.0497763.0044.107 "The Vascular Flora of Hog Island, Charlevoix County, Michigan"]. ''The Michigan Botanist'' 44.1 (Winter, 2005): 29-48. [[University of Michigan Library]] Digital Collections. Retrieved October 29, 2015.</ref>
* Hundreds of healthy American chestnuts have been found in the proposed Chestnut Ridge Wilderness Area in the [[Allegheny National Forest]] in northwestern Pennsylvania.<ref name="Friends">Friends of Allegheny Wilderness. [http://www.pawild.org/pdfs/CitizensWildProp.pdf "A Citizens' Wilderness Proposal for Pennsylvania's Allegheny National Forest"]. ''Friends of Allegheny Wilderness'', 2003. ''www.pawild.org.'' Retrieved October 4, 2015.</ref> Many of these trees measure more than {{convert|60|ft|abbr=on}} in height. These trees will be protected from logging if the wilderness area, proposed by Friends of Allegheny Wilderness, is passed into law.
* The [[Montreal Botanical Garden]] has the American chestnut among its collection of trees and ornamental shrubs.<ref>{{cite web|title=Trees and Ornamental Shrubs: American chestnut [English page]|url=http://espacepourlavie.ca/en/green-pages/american-chestnut|work=Montreal Botanical Garden|publisher=Space for Life Montreal|access-date=July 6, 2013|archive-date=August 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140804201628/http://espacepourlavie.ca/en/green-pages/american-chestnut}}</ref>
* Three of [[Portland, Oregon]]'s heritage trees are American chestnuts, along with three Spanish (European) chestnuts.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portlandoregon.gov/parks/article/477139? |title=Castanea dentata |website=Portland Parks and Recreation |access-date=July 19, 2019}}</ref>{{failed verification|reason=The webpage lists only one specimen of American chestnut, and does not mention Spanish chestnuts.|date=July 2019}}
* At least two American chestnuts live on the side of Skitchewaug Trail in [[Springfield, Vermont]].<ref>Smallheer, Susan. [http://www.rutlandherald.com/article/20090718/NEWS04/907180356 "Couple works to save ailing American chestnut tree"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015205640/http://www.rutlandherald.com/article/20090718/NEWS04/907180356 |date=October 15, 2014 }}. [[Rutland Herald]], July 18, 2009. Retrieved May 31, 2014.</ref>
* Around 300 to 500 trees were spotted in the [[George Washington National Forest]] near [[Augusta County, Virginia]], in 2014. Over one dozen trees were at least 12 inches in diameter with several measuring nearly 24 inches in diameter. Only one of the larger trees was a seed and pollen producer with numerous pods and pollen strands lying on ground. The site did, however, have a high presence of chestnut blight, although the seed producing tree and several other large ones were relatively blight-free with minimal to no damage.
* Two trees were planted 1985, in [[Nova Scotia]], at [[Dalhousie University]], Sexton Campus and are thriving. The donated trees were from [[sapling]]s grown in Europe, away from the blight. They have {{convert|16|in|cm|adj=on}} diameter trunks and are approximately {{convert|40|ft}} high.
* A single mature American chestnut can be found on the front lawn of the McPhail house heritage site in [[Sault Ste Marie, Ontario]], planted by former mayor John Alexander McPhail in the 1920s. Well north of the natural range of the chestnut, it has avoided the blight.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Della-Mattia|first1=Elaine|title=McPhail house registered as heritage home|url=http://www.saultstar.com/2011/04/04/mcphail-house-registered-as-heritage-home|access-date=May 25, 2017|work=Sault Star|date=April 5, 2011}}{{Dead link|date=September 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* There is one tree in [[South Centre Township, Pennsylvania]]. It is a hardy, nut-producing tree that has been producing for nearly 30 years.
* A solitary tree exists in [[Wawayanda, New York]], planted in the early 1990s as part of a local soil and water conservation district program to identify blight/resistant specimens. It has borne fruit since 2005.
* A lone tree grows on the Oakdale Campus in [[Coralville, Iowa]].<ref>[https://now.uiowa.edu/2016/10/tree-freak]. "Iowa now, Tree Freak" Retrieved June 24, 2019.</ref>
* The great majority of chestnut trees in the United States are derived from Dunstan chestnuts, developed in Greensboro, North Carolina, in the 1960s.<ref name=dunstan>[https://chestnuthilltreefarm.com/learning-center/dunstan-chestnut-history-2/ "Dunstan chestnut trees"]. ''www.chestnuthilltreefarm.com.''. Retrieved September 02, 2020</ref>
*The Canadian Chestnut Council has a plot growing and harvesting chestnut trees at [[Tim Hortons]] Children's Foundation Onondaga Farms. The seedlings are grown at a [[Simcoe, Ontario|Simcoe]] station. They are then brought in the spring to this test plantation in [[St. George, Ontario]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.canadianchestnutcouncil.ca/index.cfm?page=home|title=Canadian Chestnut Council|website=www.canadianchestnutcouncil.ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.uoguelph.ca/2012/06/crossbreeding-aims-to-save-chestnut-trees/|title=Crossbreeding Aims to Save Chestnut Trees|date=June 13, 2012}}</ref> {{better source needed|date=July 2019}}
*Multiple nut-bearing trees are in [[Wind River Arboretum]], Washington.