Editing Altruism (section)

===Islam===
In the [[Arabic language]], "{{transliteration|ar|'iythar}}" (إيثار) means "preferring others to oneself".<ref>'iythar [https://translate.google.com/?sl=ar&tl=en&text=%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1&op=translate Google Translate]</ref>

On the topic of donating blood to non-Muslims (a controversial topic within the faith), the [[Shia Islam|Shia]] religious professor, [[Fadhil al-Milani]] has provided theological evidence that makes it positively justifiable. In fact, he considers it a form of religious sacrifice and ''ithar'' (altruism).<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Schmiedel|first1=Ulrich|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HJhMDwAAQBAJ&q=fadhil+al-milani&pg=PA296|title=Religion in the European Refugee Crisis|last2=Smith|first2=Graeme|date=15 February 2018|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-67961-7|pages=295–96}}</ref>

For [[Sufism|Sufis]], 'iythar means devotion to others through complete forgetfulness of one's own concerns, where concern for others is deemed as a demand made by [[God in Islam|God]] on the human body, considered to be property of God alone. The importance of 'iythar (also known as {{transliteration|ar|īthār}}) lies in sacrifice for the sake of the greater good; [[Islam]] considers those practicing {{transliteration|ar|īthār}} as abiding by the highest degree of nobility.<ref>{{cite book| first = M. Fethullah|last=Gülen| title = Key Concepts in the Practice of Sufism: Emerald Hills of the Heart| year = 2004| publisher = Fountain| location = Rutherford, N.J.| isbn = 978-1-932099-75-1| pages = 10–11 }}</ref>
This is similar to the notion of [[chivalry in Islam|chivalry]]. A constant concern for God results in a careful attitude towards people, animals, and other things in this world.<ref name="Neusner2005">{{cite book| last = Neusner| first = Jacob Eds| title = Altruism in World Religions| year = 2005| publisher = Georgetown Univ. Press| location = Washington, D.C.| isbn = 978-1-58901-065-9| pages = 79–80 }}</ref>