Editing Alejandro Toledo (section)

===Fighting terrorism and drug trafficking===
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission, which had been implemented by interim president Paniagua, was tasked with examining largescale acts of violence and atrocities committed within Peru between 1980 and 2000, to assess responsibility and pave the way for reparations. The commission's final report to President Toledo was issued in 2003, and concluded that approximately 69,000 people had been killed by the Shining Path and other extremist groups, the bulk of the victims being innocent peasants.<ref>Barret, Pam (2005) [https://books.google.com/books?id=aUWThg8JWTIC&dq=alejandro+toledo+truth+and+reconciliation+commission&pg=PA72 Peru]. Retrieved 27 June 2011. {{ISBN|978-981-234-808-1}}</ref> In January of that year, the [[Constitutional Court of Peru|Constitutional Court]] repealed several anti-terrorism measures enacted during Fujimori's administration.<ref name="eluniverso">{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniverso.com/2003/01/04/0001/14/08055D28C90D46AC8417AEE8A1480BEA.html|title=Máxima corte peruana anuló leyes antiterroristas de Fujimori – ENE. 04, 2003 – Internacionales – Historicos – EL UNIVERSO|date=4 January 2003|publisher=eluniverso.com|access-date=16 October 2014}}</ref> It was estimated that 54% of these victims were killed by the extremist guerrilla group Shining Path, 30% by the Peruvian Military and police forces, and the rest were by rural or peasant self-defense militias.<ref>MacLean, Iain S. (2006) [https://books.google.com/books?id=FBKQ1NtSTnEC&dq=alejandro+toledo+truth+and+reconciliation+commission&pg=PA23 ''Reconciliation, Nations, and Churches in Latin America'']. Retrieved 27 June 2011. {{ISBN|978-0-7546-5030-0}}</ref> These investigations were financed by a portion of the US$360&nbsp;million discovered in foreign accounts which had been stolen by Fujimori officials.<ref name="google2006"/> Toledo wasted no time in pursuing suspected terrorists, arresting 199 of them in 2002 alone.<ref>Kohn, George C. (2007)[https://books.google.com/books?id=OIzreCGlHxIC&dq=alejandro+toledo&pg=PT422 ''Dictionary of Wars''], Retrieved 1 June 2011. {{ISBN|978-0-8160-6577-6}}</ref>

In late 2001, the Directorate against Terrorism reported that the [[Shining Path]], a terrorist movement which has been active since the eighties, was organizing along new fronts and infiltrating protests, blocking highways, and organizing student marches. The government reacted by reestablishing five counterinsurgency bases, which soon assisted in destroying six Shining Path camps. But terrorist activity continued and in 2003, Toledo declared the first of several states of emergency due to the terrorist threat.

Toledo walked a thin line in responding to both U.S. pressure to severely limit coca-production and protests by coca farmers against the eradication of coca production in poor, rural areas, where the majority of the population is involved in that business. The presumed link between the Shining Path and narcotics trafficking was unclear, because the coca farmers gave most of their crops to drug traffickers who then paid the Shining Path to operate within certain regions.

Recognizing the drug trade as a threat to regional security, Toledo sought to create a common Andean approach to the drug war. He saw that revenue from drug trafficking funded terrorist activities, but also that U.S. insistence on the eradication of coca crops failed to address the problem. Alternative crop programs were also being resisted by coca farmers who depended on the coca trade for their livelihood. At a meeting of the 19-member Rio group in May 2003, Toledo proposed developing a joint strategy to deal with drug trafficking, but pressure from Washington, which preferred bilateral efforts, helped kill the notion.<ref name="autogenerated1"/>