Editing Affricate (section)

== Pre-affrication ==
In rare instances, a fricative–stop contour may occur. This is the case in dialects of [[Scottish Gaelic]] that have velar frication {{IPA|[ˣ]}} where other dialects have [[pre-aspiration]]. For example, in the [[Harris, Scotland|Harris]] dialect there is {{lang|gd|seachd}} {{IPA|[ʃaˣkʰ]}} 'seven' and {{lang|gd|ochd}} {{IPA|[ɔˣkʰ]}} 'eight' (or {{IPA|[ʃax͜kʰ]}}, {{IPA|[ɔx͜kʰ]}}).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Laver |first=John |title=Principles of Phonetics |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-521-45031-7 |series=Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics |location=Cambridge |pages=374 |author-link=John Laver}}</ref> Richard Wiese argues this is the case for word-initial fricative-plosive sequences in German, and coined the term '''suffricate''' for such contours.<ref>Harry van der Hulst & Nancy Ritter (2012: 175) ''The Syllable: Views and Facts''. De Gruyter.</ref> [[Awngi language|Awngi]] has 2 suffricates {{IPA|/s͡t/}} and {{IPA|/ʃ͡t/}} according to some analyses.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = SIL International| last = Joswig| first = Andreas| title = The Phonology of Awngi| series = SIL Electronic Working Papers| year = 2010 | url = https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/85/80/86/85808610450908625222845020214713662117/silewp2010_003.pdf}}</ref>