Editing AS Roma (section)

==Supporters==
[[File:ASRomaOlimpico.jpg|thumb|left|Roma fans at the Stadio Olimpico]]
Roma is the fifth-most supported football club in Italy – behind Juventus, Internazionale, [[A.C. Milan]] and [[S.S.C. Napoli|Napoli]] – with approximately 7% of Italian football fans supporting the club, according to the Doxa Institute-L'Espresso's research of April 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://espresso.repubblica.it/dettaglio-archivio/163496 |publisher=L'Expresso |title=''L'altra metà del pallone'': Supporters of football clubs in Italy |date=April 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090406030436/http://espresso.repubblica.it/dettaglio-archivio/163496 |archive-date=6 April 2009 }}</ref> Historically, the largest section of Roma supporters in the city of Rome have come from the [[Inner city|inner-city]], especially [[Testaccio]].<ref name="Testaccio">{{cite news|url=http://www.asrtalenti.altervista.org/index.php?a=campo_testaccio.htm|publisher=Viva la Roma|title=Campo Testaccio|date=24 June 2007|access-date=23 September 2007|archive-date=29 May 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070529051112/http://www.asrtalenti.altervista.org/index.php?a=campo_testaccio.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

The traditional [[ultras]] group of the club was ''Commando Ultrà Curva Sud''<ref name = "fans" /> commonly abbreviated as ''CUCS''. This group was founded by the merger of many smaller groups and was considered one of the most historic in the history of [[European football]].<ref name = "fans" /> However, by the mid-1990s, ''CUCS'' had been usurped by rival factions and ultimately broke up. Since that time, the ''[[Curva (stadia)|Curva]] Sud'' of the Stadio Olimpico has been controlled by more right-wing groups,<ref name = "fans" /> including ''A.S. Roma Ultras'', ''Boys'' and ''Giovinezza'', among others. However, the oldest group, ''Fedayn'', is apolitical, and politics is not the main identity of Roma, just a part of their overall identity. Besides ultras groups, it is believed Roma fans support the [[left-wing politics|left]] as opposed to Lazio supporters, which are notoriously proud of their right-wing affiliation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.bleacherreport.com/articles/1730264-why-roma-lazio-is-one-of-world-footballs-fiercest-rivalries|title=Why Roma-Lazio Is One of World Football's Fiercest Rivalries|first=Christopher|last=Impiglia|website=[[Bleacher Report]]|access-date=26 June 2015|archive-date=18 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018095735/http://m.bleacherreport.com/articles/1730264-why-roma-lazio-is-one-of-world-footballs-fiercest-rivalries|url-status=live}}</ref>

In November 2015, Roma's ultras and their Lazio counterparts boycotted Roma's 1–0 victory in the ''[[Derby della Capitale]]'' in protest at new safety measures imposed at the Stadio Olimpico. The measures – imposed by Rome's prefect, Franco Gabrielli – had involved plastic glass dividing walls being installed in both the Curva Sud and Curva Nord, splitting the sections behind each goal in two.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2015/nov/09/roma-deserted-derby-lazio-ultras-make-point|title=Roma win a deserted derby over Lazio as Ultras on both sides make point|first=Nicky|last=Bandini|date=9 November 2015|work=The Guardian|access-date=18 February 2017|archive-date=19 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219012223/https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2015/nov/09/roma-deserted-derby-lazio-ultras-make-point|url-status=live}}</ref> Both sets of ultras continued their protests for the rest of the season, including during Roma's 4–1 victory in the return fixture. Lazio's ultras returned to the Curva Nord for Roma's 1–4 victory in December 2016, but the Roma ultras continue to boycott matches.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2016/dec/05/lazio-roma-derby-serie-a|title=Not such a beautiful game: Lazio v Roma derby descends into disrepute|first=Nicky|last=Bandini|date=5 December 2016|work=The Guardian|access-date=18 February 2017|archive-date=18 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218234124/https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2016/dec/05/lazio-roma-derby-serie-a|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:OlimpicoRoma.JPG|thumb|[[Stadio Olimpico]] during a Roma match]]
The most known club anthem is "Roma (non-si discute, si ama)", also known as "Roma Roma",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sonoromanista.it/wiki/Inno_As_Roma |title=Inno AS Roma |website=Sonoromanista.it (AS Roma fans' social network) |access-date=26 October 2013 |language=it |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200229/http://www.sonoromanista.it/wiki/Inno_As_Roma |archive-date=29 October 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.goal.com/en-US/Squadra.aspx?IdSquadra=7&SEOTeamName=AS+Roma |publisher=Goal.com |title=Roma Profile |date=April 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926103919/http://www.goal.com/en-us/Squadra.aspx?IdSquadra=7 |archive-date=26 September 2008 }}</ref> by singer [[Antonello Venditti]]. The title roughly means, "Roma is not to be questioned, it is to be loved," and it is sung before each match. The song "Grazie Roma", by the same singer, is played at the end of victorious home matches. Recently, the main riff of [[The White Stripes]]' song "[[Seven Nation Army]]" has also become widely popular at matches.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indie-rock.it/news_look.php?id=408|publisher=Indie-Rock.it|title='Seven Nation Army' coro dei tifosi romanisti|date=29 June 2007|access-date=20 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070917074256/http://www.indie-rock.it/news_look.php?id=408|archive-date=17 September 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Rivalries===
In Italian football, Roma is a club with many rivalries; first and foremost is their rivalry with Lazio, the club with whom they share the Stadio Olimpico. The [[Local derby|derby]] between the two is called the ''[[Derby della Capitale]]'', it is amongst the most heated and emotional [[Major football rivalries|footballing rivalries]] in the world. The fixture has seen some occasional instances of violence in the past, including the death of Lazio fan Vincenzo Paparelli in [[1979–80 Serie A|1979–80]] as a result of an [[Flare gun|emergency flare]] fired from the Curva Sud,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ultraslazio.it/ukstory.htm |publisher=UltrasLazio.it |title=Ultras History |date=29 June 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616011746/http://www.ultraslazio.it/ukstory.htm |archive-date=16 June 2013  }}</ref> and the abandonment of a match in March 2004 following unfounded rumours of a fatality which led to violence outside the stadium.<ref name="derby">{{cite news|url=http://www.footballinrome.co.uk/news.html |publisher=FootballInRome.co.uk |title=22 March: Derby confusion |date=29 June 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070921161253/http://www.footballinrome.co.uk/news.html |archive-date=21 September 2007  }}</ref>

Against Napoli, Roma also compete in the ''[[Derby del Sole]]'', meaning the "Derby of the Sun".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.footballderbies.com/index.php?country=2|publisher=FootballDerbies.com|title=Football Derby matches in Italy|date=29 June 2007|access-date=20 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327170654/http://footballderbies.com/index.php?country=2|archive-date=27 March 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nowadays, fans also consider other Juventus (a rivalry born especially in the 1980s), Milan, [[Atalanta B.C.|Atalanta]] (since 1984, when friendly relations between the two clubs' ultras deteriorated),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ilromanista.eu/news/as-roma/27111/roma-e-atalanta-da-gemellate-a-rivali-la-storia-del-rapporto-tra-le-due-tifoserie |title=Roma e Atalanta, da gemellate a rivali: la storia del rapporto tra le due tifoserie |date=12 February 2020 |last=Pastore |first=Fabrizio |website=ilromanista.eu |language=it |accessdate=3 August 2021 |archive-date=3 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803212115/https://www.ilromanista.eu/news/as-roma/27111/roma-e-atalanta-da-gemellate-a-rivali-la-storia-del-rapporto-tra-le-due-tifoserie |url-status=live }}</ref> and Internazionale (increased in recent years) among their rivals, as they are often competitors for the top four spots in the league table and qualification for the UEFA Champions League.<ref name="fans">{{cite news|url=http://website.lineone.net/~view_from_the_terrace/italsce.html |publisher=View from the Terrace |title=Italian Ultras Scene |date=29 June 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508122124/http://website.lineone.net/~view_from_the_terrace/italsce.html |archive-date=8 May 2009 }}</ref>

===Hooliganism===
Rivalries with other teams have escalated into serious violence. A group of ultras who label themselves the Fedayn — 'the devotees' — after a group of long-forgotten Iranian guerrilla fighters are regarded to be responsible for the organised hooliganism.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/champions-league/they-were-throwing-rocks-wielding-iron-bars-the-sordid-history-of-romas-ultras-as-liverpool-fans-head-to-rome-36863134.html|title='They were throwing rocks, wielding iron bars' - The sordid history of Roma's Ultras as Liverpool fans head to Rome|work=Irish Independent|date=May 2018 |access-date=2 May 2018|archive-date=2 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502214101/https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/champions-league/they-were-throwing-rocks-wielding-iron-bars-the-sordid-history-of-romas-ultras-as-liverpool-fans-head-to-rome-36863134.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/liverpool-fans-roma-travel-advice-tickets-champions-league-semifinal-a8329076.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501183503/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/liverpool-fans-roma-travel-advice-tickets-champions-league-semifinal-a8329076.html |archive-date=2018-05-01 |url-access=limited |url-status=live|title=Instead of 'why always Liverpool?' we should be asking 'why always Rome?'|website=[[Independent.co.uk]]|date=30 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43910787|title=Roma v Liverpool: Roma's passionate support blighted by a violent minority|date=1 May 2018|work=BBC|access-date=2 May 2018|archive-date=2 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502101958/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43910787|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2014 Daniele De Santis, a Roma ultra, was convicted of shooting Ciro Esposito and two others during clashes with Napoli fans who were in Rome for their club's [[2014 Coppa Italia Final|Coppa Italia final]] against Fiorentina. Esposito died of his wounds. De Santis was sentenced to 26 years in prison, later reduced to 16 years on appeal. Roma ultras have displayed banners celebrating De Santis.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/football-hooligan-jailed-italy-2786699-May2016/|title=Notorious football hooligan given 26 years in prison for shooting rival fan|last=AFP|date=24 May 2016 |access-date=26 April 2018|archive-date=27 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427120045/http://www.thejournal.ie/football-hooligan-jailed-italy-2786699-May2016/|url-status=live}}</ref>

There have been multiple instances of Roma [[ultras]] attacking supporters of foreign clubs when playing in Rome. These attacks have regularly featured the Roma ultras using knives, poles, flares, bottles and stones on unarmed foreign supporters, resulting in multiple hospitalisations. Home games against Liverpool in 1984 and 2001,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/disgrace-of-rome-708305|title=DISGRACE OF ROME|work=Daily Mirror|date=5 April 2007|access-date=28 April 2018|archive-date=29 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429091944/https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/disgrace-of-rome-708305|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Times call for final move">{{cite news|url=http://timesonline.typepad.com/thegame/2009/03/ahead-of-the-14.html|title=Times call for final move|date=19 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100915024920/http://timesonline.typepad.com/thegame/2009/03/ahead-of-the-14.html|archive-date=15 September 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> Middlesbrough in 2006,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/boro-fans-roma-flashback-disgusting-9804329|title=Boro fans in Roma: Flashback to disgusting treatment on European trip|last=Barley|first=Sophie|date=7 August 2015|access-date=27 April 2018|archive-date=28 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428094853/https://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/boro-fans-roma-flashback-disgusting-9804329|url-status=live}}</ref> [[2007 A.S. Roma–Manchester United F.C. conflict|Manchester United in 2007]],<ref name="inews.co.uk">{{cite web|url=https://inews.co.uk/sport/football/roma-vs-liverpool-2001-rome-travel-advice-warning-stabbings-ultras-carabinieri/|title=A warning to Liverpool fans travelling to Rome – from one who was there in 2001|date=27 April 2018|access-date=27 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428093734/https://inews.co.uk/sport/football/roma-vs-liverpool-2001-rome-travel-advice-warning-stabbings-ultras-carabinieri/|archive-date=28 April 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/apr/05/world.championsleague20062007|title=Inquiry launched after violent clashes see English fans stabbed and beaten|last=Walker|first=Michael|date=5 April 2007|website=The Guardian|access-date=19 June 2018|archive-date=24 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624204641/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/apr/05/world.championsleague20062007|url-status=live}}</ref> Arsenal in 2009,<ref name="Times call for final move"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/7938851.stm|title=Arsenal fan attacked in Rome|date=12 March 2009|access-date=5 January 2010|work=BBC News|location=London|archive-date=21 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090321025401/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/7938851.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Tottenham Hotspur in 2012,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/tottenham-hotspur/10411146/Italian-football-hooligans-jailed-for-unprovoked-attack-on-Tottenham-Hotspur-fans-in-Rome.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/tottenham-hotspur/10411146/Italian-football-hooligans-jailed-for-unprovoked-attack-on-Tottenham-Hotspur-fans-in-Rome.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Italian football hooligans jailed for unprovoked attack on Tottenham Hotspur fans in Rome|last=Squires|first=Nick|date=29 October 2013|work=The Telegraph}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="bbc.co.uk">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20442906|title=Tottenham fans injured in Rome|date=22 November 2012|work=BBC|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-date=22 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022013043/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-20442906|url-status=live}}</ref> and Chelsea in 2017<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calciomercato.com/en/news/roma-fans-attack-chelsea-supporters-in-pub-brawl-in-rome-70895|title=Roma fans attack Chelsea supporters in pub brawl in Rome|access-date=28 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429024721/http://www.calciomercato.com/en/news/roma-fans-attack-chelsea-supporters-in-pub-brawl-in-rome-70895|archive-date=29 April 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> have all resulted in multiple stabbings and other injuries to foreign supporters. In 2018 Roma ultras travelling to an away game at Liverpool attacked home supporters, resulting in a home supporter being critically injured.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/italians-court-after-being-charged-14578322|title=Italians in court after being charged over brutal attack on Liverpool fan|last=Turner-LE|first=Ben|date=26 April 2018|access-date=26 April 2018|archive-date=26 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426112800/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/italians-court-after-being-charged-14578322|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/apr/25/roma-condemn-fans-behaviour-attack-liverpool-supporter|title=Roma condemn fans' behaviour after attack on Liverpool supporter|last=Perraudin|first=Frances|date=25 April 2018|website=The Guardian|access-date=19 June 2018|archive-date=23 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623004835/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/apr/25/roma-condemn-fans-behaviour-attack-liverpool-supporter|url-status=live}}</ref>