Editing William of Ockham (section)

=== Church and State ===
Ockham taught the [[separation of church and state]], believing that the pope and emperor should be separate.<ref name="iep.utm.edu"/>

Ockham adversed papal ''[[plenitudo potestatis]]'':<ref name="Marsilius of Padua" /> even the famous [[allegory]] of the [[Sun and Moon allegory|Sun-Pope/Moon-Emperor]] is contradicted by Our Lord, who, while admitting the greater/lower opposition (Occkham holds spiritual power and the Church's own functions in the highest esteem; in this sense, and only in this sense, does he consider them of greater importance), does not concede to the Curialists, defenders of the fullness of papal power, the argument that the Moon originated from the Sun.<ref name="Marsilius of Padua" />

According to Ockham, the Pope obtains his power from the Council and, therefore, from the whole of all believers. In the same way, the elected Emperor is depositary of a power whose origin lies in the people who are always the authentic sovereign. 
Occkham developed in canon law the theories that [[Marsilius of Padua]] had promoted in civil law<ref name="Marsilius of Padua">{{cite web|title=Marsilius of Padua and William of Ockham in Papal Plenitudo Potestatis|access-date=March 24, 2025|url=https://mta.cairnrepo.org/islandora/object/mta%3A29120/datastream/PDF/download/mta_29120.pdf|archive-date=24 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250324100412/https://mta.cairnrepo.org/islandora/object/mta%3A29120/datastream/PDF/download/mta_29120.pdf|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> (e.g. [[popular sovereignty]]).<ref>{{cite journal |format=PDF |via=Academia |url=https://www.academia.edu/3730416 |title=Natural liberty and transference of sovereignty in William |author =Manuel Mendez Alonzo |date=2013 |journal=Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval |number=20 |page=66 |access-date=March 24, 2025}} </ref>