Editing Verb (section)

=== Aspect ===
Aspect<ref name="Dahl" /><ref>Comrie, Bernard, ''Aspect'', Cambridge Univ. Press, 1976.</ref> expresses how the action or state occurs through time. Important examples include:
*[[perfective aspect]], in which the action is viewed in its entirety through completion (as in "I saw the car")
*[[imperfective aspect]], in which the action is viewed as ongoing; in some languages a verb could express imperfective aspect more narrowly as:
**habitual aspect, in which the action occurs repeatedly (as in "I used to go there every day"), or
**[[continuous aspect]], in which the action occurs without pause; continuous aspect can be further subdivided into
***[[Stative verb|stative aspect]], in which the situation is a fixed, unevolving state (as in "I know French"), and
***[[progressive aspect]], in which the situation continuously evolves (as in "I am running")
*[[perfect (grammar)|perfect]], which combines elements of both aspect and tense and in which both a prior event and the state resulting from it are expressed (as in "he has gone there", i.e. "he went there and he is still there")
*[[discontinuous past]], which combines elements of a past event and the implication that the state resulting from it was later reversed (as in "he did go there" or "he has been there", i.e. "he went there but has now come back")<ref>[[Vladimir Plungian|Plungian, Vladimir A.]] & Johan van der Auwera (2006), [https://www.academia.edu/1761770/Towards_a_typology_of_discontinuous_past_marking "Towards a typology of discontinuous past marking"]. Sprachtypol. Univ. Forsch. (STUF), Berlin 59, 4, 317–349.</ref>

Aspect can either be [[lexical aspect|lexical]], in which case the aspect is embedded in the verb's meaning (as in "the sun shines", where "shines" is lexically stative), or it can be grammatically expressed, as in "I am running."