Editing University of Texas at Austin (section)

==Research==
[[File:UT at Austin EERc.jpg|thumb|The Engineering Education and Research Center (EERC), a teaching and research facility for the Cockrell School of Engineering]]
UT Austin is [[Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education|classified]] among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity."<ref name="Carnegie"/> For the 2014–2015 cycle, the university was awarded over $580&nbsp;million in sponsored projects,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.utexas.edu/about/facts-and-figures|title=Facts & Figures – The University of Texas at Austin|website=Utexas.edu|access-date=July 14, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715061549/https://www.utexas.edu/about/facts-and-figures|archive-date=July 15, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="utexas.edu">{{cite web|title=President Powers Delivers 2010 State of the University Address|url=https://www.utexas.edu/news/2010/09/15/powers_2010address/|access-date=September 15, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100919161235/http://www.utexas.edu/news/2010/09/15/powers_2010address/|archive-date=September 19, 2010}}</ref> and has earned more than 300 patents since 2003.<ref name="utexas1">{{cite web|title=OTC Statistics|url=http://www.otc.utexas.edu/Statistics.jsp|access-date=April 4, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106140353/http://www.otc.utexas.edu/Statistics.jsp|archive-date=January 6, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> The University of Texas at Austin houses the Office of Technology Commercialization, a [[technology transfer]] center which serves as the bridge between laboratory research and commercial development. In 2009, the university created nine new start-up companies to commercialize technology developed at the university and has created 46 start-ups in the past seven years. License agreements generated $10.9&nbsp;million in revenue for the university in 2009.<ref name="utexas1" /> In January 2020, the University of Texas Austin's Texas Innovation Center was established to provide support for startups.<ref>[https://texasinnovationcenter.utexas.edu/about/ Texas Innovation Center – About]</ref>

Research at UT Austin is largely focused in the engineering and physical sciences,<ref>{{cite web|title=The Top American Research Universities 2009|url=http://mup.asu.edu/research2009.pdf|access-date=August 23, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601070708/http://mup.asu.edu/research2009.pdf|archive-date=June 1, 2010 }}</ref> and the university is a world-leading research institution in fields such as computer science.<ref>{{cite web|title=The 20 Most-Cited Institutions in Computer Science, 1998–2008|url=http://sciencewatch.com/inter/ins/08/08octTOP20COM/|access-date=August 23, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101106211645/http://sciencewatch.com/inter/ins/08/08octTOP20COM/|archive-date=November 6, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> Energy is a major research thrust, with federally funded projects on biofuels,<ref>{{cite web|title=University of Texas at Austin biologists, engineers in $25 million project to develop jet fuel from algal oil|date=May 4, 2009 |url=https://news.utexas.edu/2009/05/04/university-of-texas-at-austin-biologists-and-engineers-in-25-million-project-to-develop-jet-fuel-from-algal-oil/|access-date=August 27, 2023}}</ref> battery and solar cell technology, and geological carbon dioxide storage,<ref>{{cite web|title=Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) Awards|url=http://www.er.doe.gov/bes/EFRC.html|access-date=November 7, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091113151336/http://www.er.doe.gov/bes/efrc.html|archive-date=November 13, 2009 }}</ref> water purification membranes, among others. In 2009, the University of Texas founded the Energy Institute, led by former Under Secretary for Science [[Raymond L. Orbach]], to organize and advance multi-disciplinary energy research.<ref>{{cite web|title=Director of New Energy Institute Named At The University of Texas at Austin|url=https://www.utexas.edu/news/2009/07/14/orbach_energy_institute/|access-date=November 7, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091003233418/http://www.utexas.edu/news/2009/07/14/orbach_energy_institute/|archive-date=October 3, 2009}}</ref> In addition to its own medical school, it houses medical programs associated with other campuses and allied health professional programs, as well as major research programs in pharmacy, biomedical engineering, neuroscience, and others.

In 2010, the University of Texas at Austin opened the $100&nbsp;million Dell Pediatric Research Institute to increase medical research at the university and establish a medical research complex, and associated medical school, in Austin.<ref>{{cite web|title=Seton, UT lay foundations for Austin medical school|url=http://dpri.utexas.edu/news/seton-ut-lay-foundations-for-austin-medical-school|access-date=August 23, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100626012949/http://dpri.utexas.edu/news/seton-ut-lay-foundations-for-austin-medical-school|archive-date=June 26, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Dell Pediatric Research Institute Opens at Mueller, Brings New Focus To Children's Health Research at The University of Texas at Austin|url=https://www.utexas.edu/news/2010/04/23/dpri_opening/|access-date=August 23, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610055923/http://www.utexas.edu/news/2010/04/23/dpri_opening/|archive-date=June 10, 2010}}</ref>

The university operates several major auxiliary research centers. The world's third-largest telescope, the [[Hobby–Eberly Telescope]], and three other large telescopes are part of the university's [[McDonald Observatory]], {{convert|450|mi}} west of Austin.<ref>{{cite web|title=McDonald Observatory|url=http://www.as.utexas.edu/mcdonald/mcdonald.html|access-date=August 23, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100607232740/http://www.as.utexas.edu/mcdonald/mcdonald.html|archive-date=June 7, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hobby–Eberly Telescope|url=http://hetdex.org/hetdex/het.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121191333/http://hetdex.org/hetdex/het.php|archive-date=November 21, 2008|access-date=August 23, 2010 }}</ref> The university manages nearly {{convert|300|acre}} of biological field laboratories, including the [[Brackenridge Field Laboratory]] in Austin. The Center for Agile Technology focuses on [[software development]] challenges.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cat.utexas.edu/about.html|title=About CAT|publisher=Center for Agile Technology|access-date=October 23, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111141650/http://www.cat.utexas.edu/about.html|archive-date=January 11, 2012}}</ref> The [[J.J. Pickle Research Campus]] (PRC) is home to the Texas Advanced Computing Center which operates a series of supercomputers, such as Ranger (from 2008 to 2013<ref>{{cite web|title=The Beast in the Background|url=http://www.tacc.utexas.edu/research/users/features/alcalde.php|archive-url=https://archive.today/20070811230410/http://www.tacc.utexas.edu/research/users/features/alcalde.php|archive-date=August 11, 2007|access-date=November 7, 2009 }}</ref>), Stampede (2013–2017<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tacc.utexas.edu/systems/stampede|title=Stampede – Texas Advanced Computing Center|website=www.tacc.utexas.edu|access-date=January 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331091513/https://www.tacc.utexas.edu/systems/stampede|archive-date=March 31, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>), Stampede2 (since 2017<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tacc.utexas.edu/systems/stampede2|title=Stampede2 – Texas Advanced Computing Center|website=www.tacc.utexas.edu|access-date=January 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123040741/https://www.tacc.utexas.edu/systems/stampede2|archive-date=January 23, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>), and Frontera (since 2019).<ref>{{cite web |last1=University of Texas at Austin |title=Texas Boosts U.S. Science with Fastest Academic Supercomputer in the World |url=https://www.tacc.utexas.edu/systems/frontera |access-date=September 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904161056/https://www.tacc.utexas.edu/systems/frontera |archive-date=September 4, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> The Pickle campus also hosts the Microelectronics Research Center which houses micro- and nanoelectronics research and features a {{convert|15000|sqfoot}} cleanroom for device fabrication.

Founded in 1946, the university's Applied Research Laboratories at the PRC has developed or tested the vast majority of the Navy's high-frequency sonar equipment. In 2007, the Navy granted it a research contract funded up to $928&nbsp;million over ten years.<ref>{{cite web|title=ARL:UT About Us|url=http://www.arlut.utexas.edu/about/index.html|access-date=November 7, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090827124124/http://www.arlut.utexas.edu/about/index.html|archive-date=August 27, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The University of Texas at Austin Research Unit Receives Navy Contract That Could Reach $928 Million|url=https://www.utexas.edu/news/2007/09/27/arl/|access-date=November 7, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628211117/http://www.utexas.edu/news/2007/09/27/arl/|archive-date=June 28, 2011}}</ref> The Institute for Advanced Technology, founded in 1990 and located in the West Pickle Research Building, supports the US Army with basic and applied research in several fields.

The [[Center for Transportation Research UT Austin|Center for Transportation Research]] is a nationally recognized research institution focusing on transportation research, education, and public service. Established in 1963 as the Center for Highway Research, its projects address virtually all aspects of transportation, including economics, multimodal systems, traffic congestion relief, transportation policy, materials, structures, transit, environmental impacts, driver behavior, land use, geometric design, accessibility, and pavements.<ref>{{cite web|title=Center for Transportation Research|url=https://www.utexas.edu/research/ctr/about/index.html|access-date=January 12, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111218210703/http://www.utexas.edu/research/ctr/about/index.html|archive-date=December 18, 2011}}</ref>

In 2013, the University of Texas at Austin announced the naming of the O'Donnell Building for Applied Computational Engineering and Sciences. The O'Donnell Foundation of Dallas, headed by [[Peter O'Donnell (Texas businessman)|Peter O'Donnell]] and his wife, Edith Jones O'Donnell, has given more than $135&nbsp;million to the university between 1983 and 2013. University president [[William Powers Jr.|William C. Powers]] declared the O'Donnells "among the greatest supporters of the University of Texas in its 130-year history. Their transformative generosity is based on the belief in our power to change society for the better."<ref>{{cite news|last=Miller|first=Robert|url=http://www.dallasnews.com/business/columnists/robert-miller/20130226-ut-austin-to-name-a-building-after-dallas-peter-and-edith-odonnell.ece|title=UT-Austin to name a building after Dallas' Peter and Edith O'Donnell|date=February 26, 2013|newspaper=[[Dallas Morning News]]|access-date=September 15, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621052158/http://www.dallasnews.com/business/columnists/robert-miller/20130226-ut-austin-to-name-a-building-after-dallas-peter-and-edith-odonnell.ece|archive-date=June 21, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2008, O'Donnell pledged $18&nbsp;million to finance the hiring of university faculty members undertaking research in mathematics, computers, and multiple scientific disciplines; his pledge was matched by W. A. "Tex" Moncrief Jr., an [[oil]]man and philanthropist from [[Fort Worth, Texas|Fort Worth]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://foundationcenter.org/pnd/news/story.jhtml?id=300400006|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130917031317/http://foundationcenter.org/pnd/news/story.jhtml?id=300400006|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 17, 2013|title=University of Texas Donor Reveals Himself as Source of More Than $135 Million in Gifts|date=July 9, 2010|publisher=foundationcenter.org|access-date=September 15, 2013}}</ref>
In addition, UT Austin and Amazon established a new science hub in 2023.<ref>[https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaeltnietzel/2023/04/18/amazon-establishes-new-science-hub-at-university-of-texas/?sh=257026b97c76 "Amazon Establishes New Science Hub at University of Texas"]</ref>
<ref>[https://thedailytexan.com/2023/07/31/ut-researchers-awarded-funding-from-new-ut-austin-amazon-science-hub/ "UT Researchers Awarded Funding from New UT Austin Amazon Science Hub"]</ref>

The University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute is located on the Gulf coast in Port Aransas. Established in 1941, UTMSI was the first permanent marine research facility in the state of Texas and has since contributed significantly to our understanding of marine ecosystems. Research at the Marine Science Institute ranges from locally-important work on mariculture and estuarine ecosystems to the investigation of global issues in marine science, from the Arctic to the tropics.

===Endowment===
[[File:University of Texas at Austin August 2019 19 (Norman Hackerman Building).jpg|thumb|The Norman Hackerman Building]]
{{Main|Permanent University Fund}}
The University of Texas System is entitled to at least 30% of the distributions from the [[Permanent University Fund]] (PUF), with over $33 billion in assets as of year-end 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2021-12 PUF Semi-Annual Report|url=https://www.utimco.org/media/3689/2021-12-puf-semi-annual.pdf}}</ref><ref>[http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/txconst/sections/cn000700-001800.html As required by the Texas Constitution] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051123143431/http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/txconst/sections/cn000700-001800.html|date=November 23, 2005 }}</ref> The University of Texas System gets two-thirds of the ''Available University Fund'' (the name of the annual distribution of PUF's income), and the Texas A&M University System gets the other third. A regental policy<ref>[https://www.utsystem.edu/OGC/RegentalPolicies/AUFspend.htm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050922012448/http://www.utsystem.edu/OGC/RegentalPolicies/AUFspend.htm|date=September 22, 2005}}</ref> requires ''at least'' 45 percent of UT System's share of this money go to the University of Texas at Austin for "program enrichment". By taking two-thirds and multiplying it by 45 percent, UT gets 30 percent, which is the ''minimum'' amount of AUF income that can be distributed to the school under current policies. The Regents, however, can decide to allocate additional amounts to the university. Also, the majority of the University of Texas system share of the AUF is used for its debt service [[bond (finance)|bonds]], some of which were issued for the benefit of the Austin campus.<ref>[https://www.utsystem.edu/CONT/REPORTS/LARs/AUFLAR-102704.pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051101111529/http://www.utsystem.edu/CONT/REPORTS/LARs/AUFLAR-102704.pdf|date=November 1, 2005}}</ref> The Regents can change the 45 percent minimum of the University of Texas System share that goes to the Austin campus at any time, although doing so might be difficult politically.

Proceeds from lands appropriated in 1839 and 1876, as well as oil monies, comprise the majority of PUF. At one time, the PUF was the chief source of income for Texas' two university systems, the University of Texas System and the [[Texas A&M University System]]; today, however, its revenues account for less than 10 percent of the universities' annual budgets. This has challenged the universities to increase sponsored research and private donations. Privately funded endowments contribute over $2&nbsp;billion to the university's total endowment.

The University of Texas System also has about $22 billion of assets in its General Endowment Fund.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2021 GEF Audited Financial Statements|url=https://www.utimco.org/media/3647/2021-gef-audited-financial-statements.pdf}}</ref>