Editing Trachea (section)

===Replacement===
From 2008, operations have experimentally replaced tracheas, with those grown from [[stem cell]]s, or with synthetic substitutes, however this is regarded as experimental and there is no standardised method.<ref name="Tracheal replacement">{{cite journal | vauthors = Delaere P, Van Raemdonck D | title = Tracheal replacement | journal = Journal of Thoracic Disease | volume = 8 | issue = Suppl 2 | pages = S186–S196 | date = March 2016 | pmid = 26981270 | pmc = 4775267 | doi = 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2016.01.85 }}</ref> Difficulties with ensuring adequate blood supply to the replaced trachea is considered a major challenge to any replacement. Additionally, no evidence has been found to support the placement of stem cells taken from [[bone marrow]] on the trachea as a way of stimulating tissue regeneration, and such a method remains hypothetical.<ref name="Tracheal replacement" />

In January 2021, surgeons at [[Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan)|Mount Sinai Hospital]] in New York performed the first complete trachea transplantation. The 18-hour procedure included harvesting a trachea from a donor and implanting it in the patient, connecting numerous veins and arteries to provide sufficient blood flow to the organ.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/04/06/981735718/woman-gets-new-windpipe-in-groundbreaking-transplant-surgery| title=Woman Gets New Windpipe In Groundbreaking Transplant Surgery| date=6 April 2021| access-date=6 April 2021| vauthors = Harris R | work=NPR}}</ref>