Editing Test cricket (section)

===Tours===
{{main|Category:International cricket tours}}
Test cricket is almost always played as a series of matches between two countries, with all matches in the series taking place in the same country (the host). Often there is a perpetual trophy that is awarded to the winner, the most famous of which is [[the Ashes]] contested between England and Australia. There have been two exceptions to the bilateral nature of Test cricket: the [[1912 Triangular Tournament]], a three-way competition between England, Australia and South Africa (hosted by England), and the [[Asian Test Championship]], an event held in 1998–99 and 2001–02.

The number of matches in Test series has varied from one to seven.<ref name="Seven tests">{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/63065.html |title=Australia v England, Seventh Test, 1970–71 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=18 July 2013 |archive-date=20 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620143752/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/63065.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Up until the early 1990s,<ref name="Neutral umpires">{{cite web |last=Rajesh |first=S. |date=16 April 2011 |title=Neutral umpires |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/cricket-s-turning-points-neutral-umpires-511175 |access-date=30 March 2012 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |archive-date=27 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201227020752/http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/cricket-s-turning-points-neutral-umpires-511175 |url-status=live}}</ref> Test series between international teams were organised between the two national cricket organisations with [[Umpire (cricket)|umpires]] provided by the home team. With the entry of more countries into Test cricket, and a wish by the ICC to maintain public interest in Tests in the face of the popularity of [[One Day International|One Day International cricket]], a rotation system was introduced that sees all ten Test teams playing each other over a six-year cycle, and an official [[ICC Men's Test Team Rankings|ranking system]] (with a trophy held by the highest-ranked team). In this system, umpires are provided by the ICC. An [[Elite Panel of ICC Umpires|elite panel of eleven umpires]] was maintained since 2002, and the panel is supplemented by an additional [[International Panel of ICC Umpires|International Panel]] that includes three umpires named by each Test-playing country. The elite umpires officiate almost all Test matches, though usually not Tests involving their home country.

====Perpetual trophies====
Several pairs of Test teams have established perpetual trophies which are competed for whenever teams play each other in Test series. The current ones are:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name of trophy !! Team 1 !! Team 2 !! First contested !! Latest contested
|-
| [[The Ashes]] || {{cr|AUS}} || {{cr|ENG}} || [[English cricket team in Australia in 1882–83|1882–83]] || [[2023 Ashes series|2023]]
|-
| [[Anthony de Mello Trophy]]{{ref label|rounding|A|A}} || {{cr|ENG}} || {{cr|IND}} || [[English cricket team in India, Pakistan and Ceylon in 1951–52|1951–52]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/indiaengland-series-played-for-anthony-de-mello-trophy-bcci/article4071143.ece |title=India-England series played for Anthony De Mello trophy: BCCI |newspaper=The Hindu |date=6 November 2012 |access-date=3 June 2016 |archive-date=12 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112125829/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/indiaengland-series-played-for-anthony-de-mello-trophy-bcci/article4071143.ece |url-status=live}}</ref> || [[English cricket team in India in 2023–24|2023–24]]
|-
| [[Pataudi Trophy]]{{ref label|rounding|A|A}} || {{cr|ENG}} || {{cr|IND}} || [[Indian cricket team in England in 2007|2007]] || [[Indian cricket team in England in 2021|2021-22]]
|-
| [[Frank Worrell Trophy]] || {{cr|AUS}} || {{cr|WIN}} || [[West Indian cricket team in Australia in 1960–61|1960–61]] || [[West Indian cricket team in Australia in 2023–24|2023-24]]<!--
|-
| [[Wisden Trophy]]{{ref label|rounding|B|B}} || {{cr|ENG}} || {{cr|WIN}} || [[West Indian cricket team in England in 1963|1963]] || [[West Indian cricket team in England in 2020|2020]] -->
|-
| [[Richards–Botham Trophy]]{{ref label|rounding|B|B}} || {{cr|ENG}} || {{cr|WIN}} || [[English cricket team in the West Indies in 2021–22#Test_series|2021–22]] || [[West Indian cricket team in England in 2024|2024]]
|-
| [[Trans-Tasman Trophy]] || {{cr|AUS}} || {{cr|NZ}} || [[New Zealand cricket team in Australia in 1985–86|1985–86]] || [[Australian cricket team in New_Zealand in 2023–24|2023–24]]
|-
| [[Border–Gavaskar Trophy]] || {{cr|AUS}} || {{cr|IND}} || [[Australian cricket team in India in 1996–97|1996–97]] || [[Indian cricket team in Australia in 2024–25|2024-25]]
|-
| [[Southern Cross Trophy]] || {{cr|AUS}} || {{cr|ZIM}} || [[Australian cricket team in Zimbabwe in 1999–2000|1999–2000]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/63851.html |title=Southern Cross Trophy, 1999/00 |access-date=3 June 2016 |archive-date=16 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716092422/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/63851.html |url-status=live}}</ref> || [[Zimbabwean cricket team in Australia in 2003–04#Test_series|2003–04]]
|-
| [[Sir Vivian Richards Trophy]] || {{cr|SA}} || {{cr|WIN}} || [[West Indian cricket team in South Africa in 1998–99#Test_series|1998-99]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?bowling_pacespin=1;class=1;filter=advanced;filter_box=series;home_or_away=1;orderby=wickets;type=team |title=Statistics / Statsguru / Test matches / Team records |access-date=3 June 2016 |archive-date=26 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126231107/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?bowling_pacespin=1;class=1;filter=advanced;filter_box=series;home_or_away=1;orderby=wickets;type=team |url-status=live}}</ref> || [[South African cricket team in the West Indies in 2024|2024]]
|-
| [[Clive Lloyd Trophy]] || {{cr|WIN}} || {{cr|ZIM}} || [[West Indian cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2001#Test_series|2001]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/102043.html |title=Test trophy to be named after Clive Lloyd |date=28 July 2001 |access-date=3 June 2016 |archive-date=8 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808171524/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/102043.html |url-status=live}}</ref> || [[West Indian cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2022-23|2022-23]]
|-
| [[Basil D'Oliveira Trophy]] || {{cr|ENG}} || {{cr|SA}} || [[English cricket team in South Africa in 2004–05|2004–05]] || [[South African cricket team in England in 2022|2022]]
|-
| [[Warne–Muralitharan Trophy]] || {{cr|AUS}} || {{cr|SL}} || [[Sri Lankan cricket team in Australia in 2007–08|2007–08]] || [[Australian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2024-25|2024-25]]
|-
| [[Freedom Trophy (cricket)|The Freedom Trophy]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{cr|SA}} || [[South African cricket team in India in 2015–16|2015–16]] || [[Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2023–24|2023–24]]
|-
| [[Sobers–Tissera Trophy]] || {{cr|SL}} || {{cr|WIN}} || [[West Indian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2015–16|2015–16]] || [[West Indian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2021–22|2021–22]]
|-
| [[Ganguly-Durjoy Trophy]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{cr|BAN}} || [[Bangladeshi cricket team in India in 2016–17|2016–17]] || [[Bangladeshi cricket team in India in 2024-25|2024–25]]
|-
| [[Benaud–Qadir Trophy]] || {{cr|AUS}} || {{cr|PAK}} || [[Australian cricket team in Pakistan in 2021–22|2021–22]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcb.com.pk/press-release-detail/pakistan-and-australia-to-play-for-benaud-qadir-trophy.html |title=Pakistan and Australia to play for Benaud-Qadir Trophy |work=Pakistan Cricket Board |date=10 January 2014 |access-date=3 March 2022 |archive-date=2 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302113814/https://www.pcb.com.pk/press-release-detail/pakistan-and-australia-to-play-for-benaud-qadir-trophy.html |url-status=live}}</ref> || [[Pakistani cricket team in Australia in 2023–24|2023–24]]
|-
|[[Tangiwai Shield]] || {{cr|NZ}} || {{cr|SA}} || [[South African cricket team in New Zealand in 2023–24|2023-24]] || [[South African cricket team in New Zealand in 2023–24|2023-24]]
|-
|[[Crowe–Thorpe Trophy]] || {{cr|ENG}} || {{cr|NZ}} || [[English cricket team in New Zealand in 2024–25|2024-25]] || [[English cricket team in New Zealand in 2024–25|2024-25]]
|}
{| style="margin:1em auto" align="left"
|-
|{{note label|rounding|A|A}} The Anthony de Mello Trophy is awarded for the India–England test series played in India, whilst the Pataudi Trophy is for the series played in England.
|-
|{{note label|rounding|B|B}} The Richards-Botham Trophy, first played for in 2021–22, replaced the [[Wisden Trophy]], which was discontinued after 2020.
|}{{clear}}

====Number of perpetual trophies contested by each team====
{| class="sortable wikitable"
!Team
!No. of Trophies
|-
!scope="row"|{{cr|AUS}}
|7
|-
!scope="row"|{{cr|ENG}}
|rowspan="2"|5
|-
!scope="row"|{{cr|WIN}}
|-
!scope="row"|{{cr|IND}}
|rowspan="2"|4

|-
!scope="row"|{{cr|RSA}}
|-
!scope="row"|{{cr|SRI}}
|rowspan="3"|2
|-
!scope="row"|{{cr|ZIM}}
|-2
|-
!scope="row"|{{cr|NZL}}
|-3
|-
!scope="row"|{{cr|PAK}}
|1
|}