Editing Swansea (section)

==Demographics==
[[File:Swansea population pyramid 2021.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of the Swansea local authority]]
From 1804 until the 1920s, Swansea experienced continuous population growth. The 1930s and 1940s was a period of slight decline. In the 1950s and 1960s, the population grew and then fell in the 1970s. The population grew again in the 1980s only to fall again during the second half of the 1990s. In the 21st century, Swansea is experiencing a small amount of population growth; the local authority area had an estimated population of 228,100 in 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wales.gov.uk/docs/statistics/2009/090326walespop09en.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514052919/http://wales.gov.uk/docs/statistics/2009/090326walespop09en.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 May 2009|title=Wales's Population A Demographic Overview 2009|access-date=11 January 2018}}</ref> However, by the 2021 census, this population growth has reversed its trend very slightly with the population declining by 0.2%<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population and household estimates, England and Wales - Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/populationandhouseholdestimatesenglandandwales/census2021#population-growth-of-england-and-wales-between-2011-and-2021= |access-date=29 June 2022 |website=www.ons.gov.uk}}</ref>  
Around 82% of the population were born in Wales and 13% born in England;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.swansea.gov.uk/media/pdf/1/9/CCS.pdf|title=2001 Census Socio Economic Profile|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327121419/http://www.swansea.gov.uk/media/pdf/1/9/CCS.pdf|archive-date=27 March 2009}}</ref> 13.4% were [[Welsh language|Welsh]] speakers.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.swansea.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid=140&articleaction=print | title=2004 Mid Year Estimates, Population Estimates Unit, ONS. Crown Copyright. | publisher=City and County of Swansea | year=2007 | access-date=26 July 2007 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927213648/http://www.swansea.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid=140&articleaction=print | archive-date=27 September 2007 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>

The population of the Swansea built-up area within the unitary authority boundaries in 2011 was about 179,485 and the council population was 238,700. The other built-up areas within the unitary authority are centred on Gorseinon and Pontarddulais. In 2011, the Gorseinon built-up area had a population of 20,581 and the Pontarddulais built-up area had a population of 9,073.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011 |title=2011 Census|work=nomisweb.co.uk |access-date=27 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728142532/http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011 |archive-date=28 July 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The wider [[Swansea urban area|urban area]], including most of [[Swansea Bay]], has a total population of 300,352, making it the third largest urban area in Wales and the [[List of urban areas in the United Kingdom|27th largest urban area]] in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/ks101ew | title=Census 2011 Usual Resident Population | publisher=National Statistics Office | year=2013 | access-date=27 July 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130706183236/http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/ks101ew | archive-date=6 July 2013 | url-status=live }}</ref> Over 218,000 individuals are [[White British|white]]; 1,106 are of [[British Mixed|mixed race]]; 2,215 are [[British Asian|Asian]]&nbsp;– mainly [[British Bangladeshi|Bangladeshi]] (1,015); 300 are [[Black British|black]]; and 1,195 belong to [[Other ethnic group (United Kingdom Census)|other ethnic groups]].<ref>[http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=276868&c=Swansea&d=13&e=13&g=417281&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1245079835090&enc=1&dsFamilyId=87 Population and Migration&nbsp;– Ethnic groups (Swansea)] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120901235710/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=276868&c=Swansea&d=13&e=13&g=417281&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1245079835090&enc=1&dsFamilyId=87 |date=1 September 2012 }} Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 15 June 2009.</ref>
The Office for National Statistics 2010 mid-year population estimate for the City & County of Swansea is 232,500.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.swansea.gov.uk/media/pdf/7/q/MYE_2010_Briefing_Note_Aug-11.pdf |title=2010 Mid Year Estimates of Population |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20121104190316/http://www.swansea.gov.uk/media/pdf/7/q/MYE_2010_Briefing_Note_Aug%2D11.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 November 2012 |access-date=30 December 2011 }}</ref>

=== Religion ===
[[File:St Marys Church Swansea.JPG|thumb|[[St Mary's Church, Swansea|St. Mary's Church]] in St. Mary's Square]]
In 2001, 158,457 people in the local authority area (71 per cent) stated their religion to be [[Christians|Christian]], 44,286 (20 per cent) [[Irreligion|no religion]], 16,800 (7.5 per cent) did not state a religion and 2,167 were [[Muslim]] There are small communities of other religions, each making up a little under 1 per cent of the total population.<ref name="census religion table">{{cite web |title=2001 Census Key Statistics: Table KS07: Religion |url=http://www.swansea.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid=15008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004223507/http://www.swansea.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid=15008 |archive-date=4 October 2012}}</ref> Since 2001, there has been a significant shift in religious affiliation. According to the 2021 census, the proportion of Christians has declined to 41 per cent, while nearly half of residents (47 per cent) report no religious affiliation.<ref name="ons.gov.uk">{{cite web | url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS030/editions/2021/versions/1 | title=Religion - Office for National Statistics }}</ref>

[[File:Swansea Norwegian Church.JPG|thumb|[[Norwegian Church, Swansea|Swansea Norwegian Church]]]]
Swansea is part of the [[Church in Wales|Anglican]] [[Diocese of Swansea and Brecon]] and the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Menevia]]. The Catholic [[Episcopal see|see]] is based in Swansea at [[St. Joseph's Cathedral, Swansea|St. Joseph's Cathedral]] in the Greenhill area.
[[File:Christ Church Swansea - geograph.org.uk - 3674150.jpg|thumb|Christ Church (Church in Wales)<ref>Church in Wales church viewed across Oystermouth Road. The foundation stone was laid on 28 June 1871. Because of the shape of the restricted site, the church is unusual in having its altar on the north side, instead of the customary east side. The original bell turret was dismantled long ago because its weight made the walls bulge. The single bell seen here was erected in 1932. It is rung before every main service to call people to worship.</ref>]]

Swansea, like Wales in general, has seen many [[Nonconformist (Protestantism)|Non-conformist]] religious [[Christian revival|revivals]]. In 1904, [[Evan Roberts (minister)|Evan Roberts]], a miner from [[Loughor]] (Llwchwr), just outside Swansea, was the leader of what has been called one of the world's greatest [[Protestant]] religious revivals. Within a few months, about 100,000 people were converted. This revival in particular had a profound effect on Welsh society. Swansea is covered by the [[Methodist Circuit|Swansea and Gower Methodist Circuit]].

The [[Baptists|Ebenezer Baptist Church]] dates from November 1875 when the foundation stone was laid for Tabernacle chapel in Skinner Street. The first pastor, the Rev. J. D. Jones, was called in February 1876 and the new building was opened in July that year. The church was served by a number of ministers until 1911 when the Rev. R. J. Willoughby came to the church.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 January 2016 |title=More about the church&nbsp;– Ebenezer Baptist Church, Swansea |url=http://www.ebenezer.org.uk/about/more-about-the-church/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131050739/http://www.ebenezer.org.uk/about/more-about-the-church/ |archive-date=31 January 2016 |access-date=25 January 2016 |publisher=Ebenezer.org.uk}}</ref> The church has an organ by [[Harrison & Harrison]].<ref>{{youTube|LAGOu1xKfmk|The Organ of Ebenezer Baptist Church Swansea}}</ref>

The [[Norwegian Church, Swansea|Norwegian Church]] is a Grade II [[listed building]] in the [[Swansea docks|docklands]] area of the city. The church building was originally located at [[Newport Docks]]. The building consists of a [[Sailor|Seaman]]'s [[Mission (Christian)|Mission]] to the west end and a single [[Gothic architecture|gothic]] church to the east end. It was originally built as a place of worship [[Norwegian Church Abroad|for Norwegian sailors]] when they visited the UK. It was relocated to Swansea in 1910 at a site directly opposite the [[Sainsbury's]] supermarket on the River Tawe.

The city is home to 10% of the total Welsh [[Muslim]] population;<ref>{{cite web |date=20 July 2012 |title=Welsh Government – Home |url=http://wales.gov.uk/docrepos/40382/40382313/statistics/other/sa10a.pdf?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120720000426/http://wales.gov.uk/docrepos/40382/40382313/statistics/other/sa10a.pdf?lang=en |archive-date=20 July 2012}}</ref> Swansea's Muslim community is raising money to [[Swansea Mosque|open a new central mosque]] and community centre in the former St. Andrew's United Reformed Church. This would replace the existing central Mosque on St Helens Road and be in addition to the other three existing mosques (Swansea University Mosque, Hafod Mosque, Imam Khoei Mosque).<ref>{{cite news |date=23 December 2004 |title=New mosque 'would benefit all' |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/south_west/4118901.stm}}</ref>

Swansea is represented in [[Buddhism]] with the Dharmavajra Kadampa Buddhist Centre, Pulpung Changchub Dargyeling (Kagyu Tradition) and a branch of the international Dzogchen Community (Nyingma Tradition). Swansea Synagogue and [[Jehovah's Witness]] Kingdom Hall are both located in the [[Uplands, Swansea|Uplands]] area. Around 160 people in Swansea indicated they were Jewish in the 2011 census.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swansea – UK Census Data 2011 |url=http://www.ukcensusdata.com/swansea-w06000011#sthash.7NGiUQ3a.cE8A1DYG.dpbs |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315140037/http://www.ukcensusdata.com/swansea-w06000011#sthash.7NGiUQ3a.cE8A1DYG.dpbs |archive-date=15 March 2016 |access-date=26 April 2019}}</ref>

The following table shows the religious identity of residents residing in Swansea according to the 2001, 2011 and the 2021 censuses:

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|-
!rowspan="2"|Religion
!colspan="2"|2001<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/construct/summary.asp?mode=construct&version=0&dataset=1607 |title=KS007 - Religion  |access-date=30 January 2016}}</ref>
!colspan="2"|2011<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/QS208EW/view/1946157259?cols=measures |title=2011 census – theme tables |access-date=8 January 2016 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062523/https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/QS208EW/view/1946157259?cols=measures |url-status=live }}</ref>
!colspan="2"|2021<ref name="ons.gov.uk"/>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | [[Irreligion|No religion]] || 44,286 || 19.8|| 81,219|| 34.4 || 112,687 || 47.3
|-
|style="text-align:left" | [[Christianity|Christian]] || 158,457 || 71.0 || 131,451 || 51.0 || 98,492 || 41.3
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Religion not stated || 16,800 || 7.5 || 17,823 || 7.5 || 15,985||6.7
|-
|style="text-align:left" | [[Islam|Muslim]] || 2,167 || 1.0 || 5,415 || 2.3 || 7,694|| 3.2
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Other religion || 447 || 0.2|| 1,042|| 0.4|| 1,175 || 0.5
|-
|style="text-align:left" | [[Hinduism|Hindu]] || 282 || 0.1 || 780 || 0.3 || 1,010|| 0.4
|-
|style="text-align:left" | [[Buddhist|Buddhism]] || 539 || 0.2 || 856|| 0.4|| 942 || 0.4
|-
|style="text-align:left" | [[Sikhism|Sikh]] || 153|| 0.1|| 278 || 0.1 || 346|| 0.1
|-
|style="text-align:left" | [[Judaism|Jewish]] || 170 || 0.1 || 159 || 0.1 || 159 || 0.1
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
|style="text-align:left" | Total || 223,301 || 100.00% || 239,023 ||100.00% || 238,491|| 100.0%
|}

=== Ethnicity ===
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
! rowspan="3" |Ethnic Group
! colspan="8" |Year (local authority boundaries)
|-
! colspan="2" |1991<ref name=":412">Data is taken from United Kingdom [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/index.htm Casweb Data services] of the United Kingdom [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm 1991 Census on Ethnic Data for England, Scotland and Wales] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405213012/http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm |date=5 April 2022 }} (Table 6)</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref>{{cite web |title=Office of National Statistics; 2001 Census Key Statistics |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/local-authorities-ks06--ethnic-group.xls |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name=":36">{{Cite web |title=2011 Census: Ethnic Group, local authorities in England and Wales |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks201ew.xls |access-date=2021-12-15 |website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2021<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnic group - Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS021/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/d2f0a39a-75b6-4995-b4bd-a5b68ff79027#get-data |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=www.ons.gov.uk}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
![[White people in the United Kingdom|White]]: Total
!178,639
!98.2%
!218,495
!97.8%
!224,697
!94%
!218,052
!91.4%
|-
|White: [[White British|British]]
|–
|–
|213,736
|95.7%
|218,655
|91.4%
|208,703
|87.5%
|-
|White: [[White Irish|Irish]]
|–
|–
|1,290
|
|1,101
|
|1,111
|0.5%
|-
|White: [[White Gypsy or Irish Traveller|Gypsy or Irish Traveller]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|85
|
|93
|0.0%
|-
|White: Roma
|
|
|
|
|
|
|117
|0.0%
|-
|White: [[Other White|Other]]
|–
|–
|3,469
|
|4,856
|
|8,028
|3.4%
|-
![[British Asian|Asian or Asian British]]: Total
!2,232
!1.2%
!2,840
!1.3%
!7,803
!3.2%
!10,451
!4.4%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: [[British Indians|Indian]]
|409
|
|544
|
|1,477
|
|2,172
|0.9%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: [[British Pakistanis|Pakistani]]
|168
|
|322
|
|591
|
|954
|0.4%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: [[British Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]]
|762
|
|1,015
|
|1,944
|
|2,865
|1.2%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: [[British Chinese|Chinese]]
|471
|
|625
|
|2,052
|
|1,932
|0.8%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: Other Asian
|422
|
|334
|
|1,739
|
|2,528
|1.1%
|-
![[Black British people|Black or Black British]]: Total
!328
!0.2%
!290
!0.1%
!1,983
!0.8%
!2,797
!1.1%
|-
|Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|African]]
|125
|
|192
|
|1,707
|
|2,227
|0.9%
|-
|Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|Caribbean]]
|77
|
|77
|
|172
|
|235
|0.1%
|-
|Black or Black British: [[Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom|Other Black]]
|126
|
|21
|
|104
|
|335
|0.1%
|-
![[Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)|Mixed or British Mixed]]: Total
!–
!–
!1,106
!0.5%
!2,160
!0.9%
!3,808
!1.6%
|-
|Mixed: White and Black Caribbean
|–
|–
|238
|
|548
|
|669
|0.3%
|-
|Mixed: White and Black African
|–
|–
|101
|
|280
|
|674
|0.3%
|-
|Mixed: White and Asian
|–
|–
|427
|
|781
|
|1,285
|0.5%
|-
|Mixed: Other Mixed
|–
|–
|340
|
|551
|
|1,180
|0.5%
|-
!Other: Total
!707
!0.4%
!570
!0.3%
!2,380
!1%
!3,383
!1.5%
|-
|Other: Arab
|–
|–
|–
|–
|1,694
|
|1,578
|0.7%
|-
|Other: Any other ethnic group
|707
|0.4%
|570
|0.3%
|686
|
|1,805
|0.8%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Total
!181,906
!100%
!223,301
!100%
!239,023
!100%
!238,491
!100%
|}