Editing Springfield, Illinois (section)

===Climate===
Under the [[Köppen climate classification]], Springfield falls within either a [[hot-summer humid continental climate]] (''Dfa'') if the {{convert|0|°C}} isotherm is used or a [[humid subtropical climate]] (''Cfa'') if the {{convert|-3|°C}} isotherm is used. In recent years, winter temperatures have increased substantially while summer temperatures have remained equal to the period 30 years before. Hot, humid summers and cold, rather snowy winters are the norm. Springfield is located on the farthest reaches of [[Tornado Alley]], and as such, [[thunderstorms]] are a common occurrence throughout the spring and summer. From 1961 to 1990 the city of Springfield averaged {{convert|35.25|in|mm|0}} of precipitation per year.<ref name=precip>[http://www.met.utah.edu/jhorel/html/wx/climate/normrain.html Normal Monthly Precipitation, Inches] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901073251/http://www.met.utah.edu/jhorel/html/wx/climate/normrain.html |date=September 1, 2006 }}, Department of Meteorology, University of Utah. Retrieved February 24, 2007.</ref> During that same period the average yearly temperature was {{convert|52.4|°F|1}}, with a summer maximum of {{convert|76.5|°F|1}} in July and a winter minimum of {{convert|24.2|°F|1}} in January.<ref name=temp>[http://www.met.utah.edu/jhorel/html/wx/climate/normtemp.html Normal Daily Temperature, °F] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212033926/http://www.met.utah.edu/jhorel/html/wx/climate/normtemp.html |date=February 12, 2007 }}, Department of Meteorology, University of Utah. Retrieved February 24, 2007.</ref>

From 1971 to 2000, NOAA data showed that Springfield's annual mean temperature increased slightly to {{convert|52.7|°F|1}}. During that period, July averaged {{convert|76.3|°F|1}}, while January averaged {{convert|25.1|°F|1}}.

From 1981 to 2010, NOAA data showed that Springfield's annual mean temperature increased slightly to {{convert|53.1|°F|1}}. During that period, July averaged {{convert|76.0|°F|1}}, while January averaged {{convert|26.9|°F|1}}.

From 1991 to 2020, NOAA's latest dataset showed a continued increase in the annual mean to {{convert|54.0|°F|1}}. During that period, July averaged {{convert|76.5|°F|1}}, while January averaged {{convert|27.9|°F|1}}.

On June 14, 1957, a tornado hit Springfield, killing two people.<ref name=nws/> On March 12, 2006, the city was struck by [[March 2006 tornado outbreak sequence|two F2 tornadoes]].<ref name=nws>{{cite web |url=http://www.crh.noaa.gov/ilx/?n=spi-tornado |title=Springfield Tornadoes of March 12, 2006 |publisher=[[National Weather Service Lincoln, Illinois]] |date=May 11, 2009 |access-date=September 17, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718011448/http://www.crh.noaa.gov/ilx/?n=spi-tornado |archive-date=July 18, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The storm system which brought the two [[tornado]]es hit the city around 8:30pm; no one died as a result of the weather.<ref name=nws/> Springfield received a federal grant in February 2005 to help improve its tornado warning systems and new sirens were put in place in November 2006 after eight of the sirens failed during an April 2006 test, shortly after the tornadoes hit.<ref name=release>[http://www.springfield.il.us/RELEASES/2006%20Releases/NewSirens.htm New City Tornado Sirens are Fully Operational] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928084117/http://www.springfield.il.us/RELEASES/2006%20Releases/NewSirens.htm |date=September 28, 2007 }}, Press Release, City of Springfield. Retrieved February 21, 2007.</ref><ref name=lahood>[http://www.house.gov/lahood/20050223Fire.htm Springfield and Quincy Fire Department Awarded $146,646 in Homeland Security Grants] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070304162058/http://www.house.gov/lahood/20050223Fire.htm |date=March 4, 2007 }}, Press Release, Office of Congressman Ray Lahood, February 23, 2005. Retrieved March 7, 2007.</ref><ref name=minutes>[http://www.springfield.il.us/cityclerk/Minutes/2006%20Minutes/April%204%2006%20Final%20Minutes.pdf Minutes of the Springfield City Council – April 4, 2006] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927201809/http://www.springfield.il.us/CityClerk/Minutes/2006%20Minutes/April%204%2006%20Final%20Minutes.pdf |date=September 27, 2006 }}, ([[PDF]]), City of Springfield, City Clerk. Retrieved March 7, 2007.</ref> The cost of the new sirens totaled $983,000.<ref name=release/> Although tornadoes are not uncommon in central Illinois, the March 12 tornadoes were the first to hit the actual city since the 1957 storm.<ref name=nws/> The 2006 tornadoes followed nearly identical paths to that of the 1957 tornado.<ref name=nws/>

{{Weather box
| location = Springfield, Illinois ([[Abraham Lincoln Capital Airport]]), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1879–present
| single line = Y
| collapsed = Y
| Jan record high F = 73
| Feb record high F = 80
| Mar record high F = 91
| Apr record high F = 90
| May record high F = 101
| Jun record high F = 104
| Jul record high F = 112
| Aug record high F = 108
| Sep record high F = 102
| Oct record high F = 93
| Nov record high F = 83
| Dec record high F = 74
| year record high F = 112

|Jan avg record high F = 58.1
|Feb avg record high F = 63.8
|Mar avg record high F = 74.9
|Apr avg record high F = 83.5
|May avg record high F = 89.5
|Jun avg record high F = 93.8
|Jul avg record high F = 94.5
|Aug avg record high F = 94.4
|Sep avg record high F = 91.9
|Oct avg record high F = 85.8
|Nov avg record high F = 72.0
|Dec avg record high F = 62.3
|year avg record high F = 96.5

| Jan high F = 35.9
| Feb high F = 41.1
| Mar high F = 53.1
| Apr high F = 65.6
| May high F = 75.7
| Jun high F = 84.0
| Jul high F = 86.8
| Aug high F = 85.4
| Sep high F = 80.2
| Oct high F = 67.4
| Nov high F = 52.7
| Dec high F = 40.7
| year high F = 64.1
| Jan mean F = 27.9
| Feb mean F = 32.4
| Mar mean F = 43.2
| Apr mean F = 54.4
| May mean F = 65.1
| Jun mean F = 73.7
| Jul mean F = 76.5
| Aug mean F = 74.9
| Sep mean F = 68.0
| Oct mean F = 56.0
| Nov mean F = 43.5
| Dec mean F = 32.9
| year mean F = 54.0
| Jan low F = 19.9
| Feb low F = 23.7
| Mar low F = 33.2
| Apr low F = 43.3
| May low F = 54.4
| Jun low F = 63.3
| Jul low F = 66.2
| Aug low F = 64.3
| Sep low F = 55.8
| Oct low F = 44.6
| Nov low F = 34.2
| Dec low F = 25.2
| year low F = 44.0

|Jan avg record low F = -4.2
|Feb avg record low F = 2.4
|Mar avg record low F = 12.6
|Apr avg record low F = 27.3
|May avg record low F = 38.1
|Jun avg record low F = 49.4
|Jul avg record low F = 54.5
|Aug avg record low F = 52.4
|Sep avg record low F = 39.6
|Oct avg record low F = 26.6
|Nov avg record low F = 16.3
|Dec avg record low F = 4.1
|year avg record low F = -8.4

| Jan record low F = −22
| Feb record low F = −24
| Mar record low F = −12
| Apr record low F = 16
| May record low F = 28
| Jun record low F = 39
| Jul record low F = 48
| Aug record low F = 43
| Sep record low F = 31
| Oct record low F = 13
| Nov record low F = −3
| Dec record low F = −21
| year record low F = −24
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 2.03
| Feb precipitation inch = 1.93
| Mar precipitation inch = 2.76
| Apr precipitation inch = 3.97
| May precipitation inch = 4.52
| Jun precipitation inch = 4.61
| Jul precipitation inch = 3.85
| Aug precipitation inch = 3.37
| Sep precipitation inch = 2.86
| Oct precipitation inch = 3.26
| Nov precipitation inch = 2.71
| Dec precipitation inch = 2.15
| year precipitation inch = 38.04
| Jan snow inch = 6.7
| Feb snow inch = 6.1
| Mar snow inch = 3.1
| Apr snow inch = 0.3
| May snow inch = 0.0
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.1
| Nov snow inch = 1.2
| Dec snow inch = 4.3
| year snow inch = 21.8
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 9.7
| Feb precipitation days = 8.9
| Mar precipitation days = 10.5
| Apr precipitation days = 11.5
| May precipitation days = 12.6
| Jun precipitation days = 10.6
| Jul precipitation days = 8.5
| Aug precipitation days = 8.2
| Sep precipitation days = 7.3
| Oct precipitation days = 9.1
| Nov precipitation days = 8.8
| Dec precipitation days = 9.0
| year precipitation days = 114.7
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 5.2
| Feb snow days = 4.2
| Mar snow days = 1.9
| Apr snow days = 0.3
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.1
| Nov snow days = 1.0
| Dec snow days = 3.6
| year snow days = 16.3
| Jan humidity = 73.4
| Feb humidity = 74.0
| Mar humidity = 71.3
| Apr humidity = 65.3
| May humidity = 65.6
| Jun humidity = 66.6
| Jul humidity = 70.4
| Aug humidity = 74.0
| Sep humidity = 71.9
| Oct humidity = 68.4
| Nov humidity = 73.8
| Dec humidity = 77.6
| year humidity = 71.0
| Jan sun = 160.7
| Feb sun = 158.7
| Mar sun = 186.5
| Apr sun = 225.8
| May sun = 281.2
| Jun sun = 308.0
| Jul sun = 320.7
| Aug sun = 291.0
| Sep sun = 248.4
| Oct sun = 214.0
| Nov sun = 140.2
| Dec sun = 129.3
| year sun = 2664.5
| Jan percentsun = 53
| Feb percentsun = 53
| Mar percentsun = 50
| Apr percentsun = 57
| May percentsun = 63
| Jun percentsun = 69
| Jul percentsun = 70
| Aug percentsun = 68
| Sep percentsun = 66
| Oct percentsun = 62
| Nov percentsun = 47
| Dec percentsun = 44
| year percentsun = 60
|source 1 = [[NOAA]] (sun and humidity 1961–1990)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=ilx |title=NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=June 19, 2021 |archive-date=March 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318054551/https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=ilx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00093822&format=pdf |title=Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=June 19, 2021 |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203755/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00093822&format=pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=NOAAsun>
{{cite web |url=ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72439.TXT |title=WMO Climate Normals for Springfield/Capital ARPT, IL 1961–1990 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=September 10, 2015 }}</ref>
}}