Editing San Francisco (section)

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of San Francisco}}
{{Historical populations
|type= USA
|1848|1000
|1849|25000
|1852|34776
|1860|56802
|1870|149473
|1880|233959
|1890|298997
|1900|342782
|1910|416912
|1920|506676
|1930|634394
|1940|634536
|1950|775357
|1960|740316
|1970|715674
|1980|678974
|1990|723959
|2000|776733
|2010|805235
|2020|873965
|2024|827526
|align-fn=center
|footnote=https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/s-f-exodus-population-recovery-data-18564064.php
}}

The [[2020 United States census]] showed San Francisco's population to be 873,965, an increase of 8.5% from the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]].<ref name="QuickFacts"/> With roughly one-quarter the population density of [[Manhattan]], San Francisco is the [[List of United States cities by population density|second-most densely populated large American city]], behind only New York City among cities greater than 200,000 population, and the [[County statistics of the United States|fifth-most densely populated U.S. county]], following only four of the five New York City [[Boroughs of New York City|boroughs]].

San Francisco is part of the five-county [[San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area]], a region of 4.7&nbsp;million people ([[Metropolitan statistical area|13th most populous in the U.S.]]), and has served as its traditional demographic focal point. It is also part of the greater 14-county [[San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area]], whose population is over 9.6&nbsp;million, making it the [[Combined statistical area|fifth-largest in the United States]] {{As of|2018|lc=y}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: San Francisco County, California |publisher=US Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/sanfranciscocountycalifornia,CA,US/PST045217 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116182249/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/sanfranciscocountycalifornia,CA,US/PST045217 |archive-date=January 16, 2019 |access-date=April 5, 2019}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=January 2024}}

===Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages===
[[File:Ethnic Origins in San Francisco.png|thumb|left|upright=1.35 |Ethnic origins in San Francisco]]
As of the {{As of|2020|bare=yes}} census, the racial makeup and population of San Francisco included: 361,382 [[White Americans|Whites]] (41.3%), 296,505 [[Asian Americans|Asians]] (33.9%), 46,725 [[African Americans in San Francisco|African Americans]] (5.3%), 86,233 [[Multiracial Americans]] (9.9%), 6,475 [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] and [[Alaska Natives]] (0.7%), 3,476 [[Native Hawaiians]] and other [[Pacific Islands Americans|Pacific Islanders]] (0.4%) and 73,169 persons of other races (8.4%). There were 136,761 [[Hispanic and Latino Americans in San Francisco|Hispanic or Latino]] residents of any race (15.6%).

San Francisco is a [[majority minority]] city, as [[non-Hispanic White]] residents comprise less than half of the population; in 1940 they formed 92.5% of the population.<ref name="census">{{cite web |title=Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places in the United States|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html|archive-date=August 12, 2012|access-date=December 18, 2011 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref>

In 2010, residents of [[Chinese Americans in San Francisco|Chinese ethnicity]] constituted the largest single ethnic minority group in San Francisco at 21% of the population; other large Asian groups include [[Filipino Americans|Filipinos]] (5%) and [[Vietnamese Americans|Vietnamese]] (2%), with [[Japanese in San Francisco|Japanese]], [[Korean Americans|Koreans]] and many other Asian and Pacific Islander groups represented in the city.<ref name="Census 2010-GCT-PH1-racial">{{cite web|title = QT-P3 – Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin: 2010|url = http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP3|work = [[2010 United States Census]] Summary File 1|publisher = United States Census Bureau|access-date = July 11, 2011|archive-url = https://archive.today/20200212210601/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP3|archive-date = February 12, 2020|url-status = dead}}</ref> The population of Chinese ancestry is most heavily concentrated in Chinatown and the [[Sunset District, San Francisco|Sunset]] and [[Richmond District, San Francisco|Richmond District]]s. [[Filipinos]] are most concentrated in [[South of Market, San Francisco|SoMa]] and the [[Crocker-Amazon]]; the latter neighborhood shares a border with [[Daly City, California|Daly City]], which has one of the highest concentrations of Filipinos in North America.<ref name="Census 2010-GCT-PH1-racial"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.faleo.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=54&Itemid=62 |title=Training and Education /PET |access-date=April 28, 2012 |publisher=Filipino-American Law Enforcement Officers Association |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116021343/http://www.faleo.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=54&Itemid=62 |archive-date=January 16, 2013 }}</ref> The [[Tenderloin, San Francisco|Tenderloin District]] is home to a large portion of the city's Vietnamese population as well as businesses and restaurants, which is known as the city's Little Saigon.<ref name="Census 2010-GCT-PH1-racial"/>

The principal [[Hispanic and Latino Americans in San Francisco|Hispanic]] groups in the city were those of [[Mexican Americans|Mexican]] (7%) and [[Salvadoran Americans|Salvadoran]] (2%) ancestry. The Hispanic population is most heavily concentrated in the [[Mission District, San Francisco|Mission District]], Tenderloin District, and [[Excelsior District, San Francisco|Excelsior District]].<ref name="interactivemap"/> The city's percentage of Hispanic residents is less than half of that of the state.

[[African Americans in San Francisco|African Americans]] constituted about 5% of San Francisco's population in 2020; their share of the city's population has been decreasing since the 1970s.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://missionlocal.org/2021/09/census-2020-as-san-francisco-grew-the-ethnic-makeup-of-its-neighborhoods-changed-heres-how/ |title=2020 Census: As San Francisco grew, the ethnic makeup of its neighborhoods changed. Here's how | date=September 27, 2021 }}</ref> The majority of [[African Americans in San Francisco|the city's Black residents]] live in the neighborhoods of [[Bayview-Hunters Point]], [[Visitacion Valley]], and the [[Fillmore District]].<ref name="interactivemap">{{cite news|title = Interactive: Mapping the census|newspaper=The Washington Post |url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/nation/census/2010/|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110513090510/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/nation/census/2010/|url-status = dead|archive-date = May 13, 2011|access-date =February 9, 2012}}</ref> There are smaller Black communities in [[Diamond Heights, San Francisco|Diamond Heights]], [[Glen Park, San Francisco|Glen Park]], and [[Mission District, San Francisco|Mission District]].

Unlike many other Western cities, San Francisco has a significant [[Irish Americans|Irish American]] population. Drawn by the California Gold Rush, the Irish were one of the first major White immigrant groups to arrive in California, settling in the city of San Francisco.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IRISH San Francisco - FoundSF |url=https://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=IRISH_San_Francisco |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=www.foundsf.org}}</ref> The Irish historically settled in [[Irish Hill (San Francisco)|Irish Hill]], which was razed following [[World War II]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-17 |title=SF's Irish Neighborhood Was All but Obliterated After World War II |url=https://sfstandard.com/2023/03/17/this-irish-neighborhood-in-sf-was-all-but-obliterated-after-world-war-ii/ |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=The San Francisco Standard |language=en}}</ref> Despite this, San Francisco is still one of only three counties in the entire [[Western United States]] whose White population is plurality (20.6%) Irish.<ref>{{Cite web |author=US Census Bureau|title=Detailed Races and Ethnicities in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/detailed-race-ethnicities-2020-census.html |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=Census.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Detailed White Alone or in Any Combination Groups in San Francisco County, CA |url=https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/us.census.bureau/viz/shared/3WYDMCRJ3 |access-date=2025-02-15 |website=public.tableau.com}}</ref>

The city has long been home to a significant Jewish community; in 2018 [[Jewish Americans]] made up an estimated 10% (80,000) of the city's population. It the third-largest Jewish community in proportional terms in the United States, behind only those of New York City, and Los Angeles, respectively, and it is also relatively young compared to other major U.S. cities.<ref name="ToI">{{cite news |last1=Ghert Zand |first1=Renee |title=Vast, young San Fran Jewish community is growing — but unaffiliated, says study |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/unprecedented-study-yields-surprising-results-on-san-francisco-area-jews/amp/ |access-date=July 13, 2022 |agency=Times of Israel |publisher=The Times of Israel |date=February 14, 2018}}</ref> The Jewish community resides throughout the city, but the [[Richmond District, San Francisco|Richmond District]] is home to an ethnic enclave of mostly [[Russian Jews]].<ref name="SF Travel">{{cite web |title=THE GUIDE TO JEWISH HERITAGE IN SAN FRANCISCO |url=https://www.sftravel.com/article/guide-jewish-heritage-san-francisco |work=San Francisco Travel Association |publisher=SF Travel |access-date=July 13, 2022}}</ref> The [[Fillmore District]] was formerly a mostly Jewish neighborhood from the 1920s until the 1970s, when many of its Jewish residents moved to other neighborhoods of the city as well as the suburbs of nearby [[Marin County]].<ref name="Found SF">{{cite web |last1=Shvetsky |first1=Kate |title=The Fillmore: A Jewish Neighborhood in the 1920s |url=https://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=The_Fillmore:_A_Jewish_Neighborhood_in_the_1920s |work=Found SF |access-date=July 13, 2022}}</ref>
{|
| align="left" |
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align: left;font-size: 90%;"
!Demographic profile<ref name=":03">{{Cite web|title=IPUMS USA|url=https://usa.ipums.org/usa/|access-date=February 25, 2022|website=usa.ipums.org}}</ref>
!1860
!1880
!1920
!1960
!1980
!1990
!2000
!2010
!2020<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=United States Census Bureau|title=Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census|url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html|access-date=February 25, 2022|website=Census.gov}}</ref>
|-
| align="left" |'''[[Non-Hispanic whites|Non-Hispanic White]] alone'''
|'''90.2%'''
|'''87.7%'''
|'''93.5%'''
|'''72.7%'''
|'''52.8%'''
|'''46.9%'''
|'''43.5%'''
|'''41.7%'''
|'''39.1%'''
|-
| align="left" |'''[[Asian Americans|Non-Hispanic Asian]] alone'''
|'''4.6%'''
|'''9.3%'''
|'''2.7%'''
|'''7.9%'''
|'''21.3%'''
|'''28.0%'''
|'''30.7%'''
|'''33.1%'''
|'''33.7%'''
|-
|— [[Chinese Americans in San Francisco|Chinese American]]
|4.6%
|9.3%
|1.5%
|5.1%
|12.1%
|17.6%
|20.0%
|19.8%
|21.0%
|-
|— [[Filipino Americans|Filipino American]]
|—
|—
|0.2%
|1.5%
|5.2%
|5.4%
|5.0%
|4.9%
|4.4%
|-
| align="left" |'''[[Hispanic and Latino Americans in San Francisco|Hispanic or Latino]], any race(s)'''
|'''3.0%'''
|'''2.4%'''
|'''3.4%'''
|'''9.4%'''
|'''12.6%'''
|'''13.3%'''
|'''14.2%'''
|'''15.2%'''
|'''15.6%'''
|-
|— [[Mexican Americans|Mexican American]]
|1.8%
|1.4%
|1.5%
|5.1%
|5.0%
|5.2%
|6.0%
|7.5%
|7.9%
|-
| align="left" |'''[[African Americans in San Francisco|Non-Hispanic Black]] alone'''
|'''2.1%'''
|'''0.6%'''
|'''0.4%'''
|'''9.7%'''
|'''12.3%'''
|'''10.7%'''
|'''7.6%'''
|'''6.0%'''
|'''5.1%'''
|-
| align="left" |'''[[Pacific Islands Americans|Non-Hispanic Pacific Islander]] alone'''
|'''—'''
|'''—'''
|'''<0.1%'''
|'''—'''
|'''0.2%'''
|'''0.4%'''
|'''0.4%'''
|'''0.5%'''
|'''0.3%'''
|-
| align="left" |'''[[Native Americans in the United States|Non-Hispanic Native American]] alone'''
|'''<0.1%'''
|'''<0.1%'''
|'''<0.1%'''
|'''0.1%'''
|'''0.4%'''
|'''0.4%'''
|'''0.3%'''
|'''0.3%'''
|'''0.2%'''
|-
| align="left" |'''Non-Hispanic other'''
|'''—'''
|'''—'''
|'''—'''
|'''0.2%'''
|'''0.4%'''
|'''0.2%'''
|'''0.3%'''
|'''0.3%'''
|'''0.8%'''
|-
| align="left" |'''Non-Hispanic [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]]'''
|'''—'''
|'''—'''
|'''—'''
|'''—'''
|'''—'''
|'''—'''
|'''3.0%'''
|'''2.9%'''
|'''5.2%'''
|-
| colspan="10" |
|-
|[[Immigration to the United States|'''Foreign-born''']]'''{{Efn|Those not born in the 50 states or D.C., excluding California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas  before 1850.}}'''
|'''50.2%'''
|'''44.5%'''
|'''30.1%'''
|'''20.2%'''
|'''29.5%'''
|'''35.4%'''
|'''38.4%'''
|'''38.2%'''
|'''34.2%'''
|}
{{see also|Demographics of San Francisco#Historical estimates}}

Source: U.S. Census and IPUMS USA<ref name=":03" />
|}
[[File:Race and ethnicity 2010- San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley (5560477152) (cropped).png|thumb|Map of racial distribution in San Francisco, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ff0000|White}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#0000ff|Black}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#00ffaa|Asian}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffa600|Hispanic}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffff07|Other}}]]
According to a 2018 study by the Jewish Community Federation of San Francisco, Jews make up 10% (80,000) of the city's population, making Judaism the second-largest religion in San Francisco after Christianity.<ref name="ToI" /> A prior 2014 study by the [[Pew Research Center]], the largest religious groupings in San Francisco's [[San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area|metropolitan area]] are Christians (48%), followed by those of [[Irreligion|no religion]] (35%), Hindus (5%), Jews (3%), Buddhists (2%), Muslims (1%) and a variety of other religions have smaller followings. According to the same study by the [[Pew Research Center]], about 20% of residents in the area are [[Protestantism|Protestant]], and 25% professing [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] beliefs. Meanwhile, 10% of the residents in metropolitan San Francisco identify as [[agnostics]], while 5% identify as [[Atheism|atheists]].<ref>[http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/ Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles], Pew Research Center</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/ |title=America's Changing Religious Landscape |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]: Religion & Public Life |date=May 12, 2015}}</ref>

{{As of|2010}}, 55% (411,728) of San Francisco residents spoke only English at home, while 19% (140,302) spoke a [[variety of Chinese]] (mostly [[Taishanese]] and [[Cantonese]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/2007/12/21/chung-chinese-peasant-dialect-redeemed/|title=Chung: Chinese 'peasant' dialect redeemed|website=The Mercury News|access-date=December 19, 2016|date=December 22, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.modernluxury.com/san-francisco/story/chinatown-decoded-what-language-everybody-speaking|title=Chinatown Decoded: What Language Is Everybody Speaking?|access-date=December 19, 2016}}</ref>), 12% (88,147) Spanish, 3% (25,767) [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]], and 2% (14,017) Russian. In total, 45% (342,693) of San Francisco's population spoke a language at home other than English.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apps.mla.org/map_data_results&state_id=6&place_id=67000&cty_id= |title=San Francisco County, California |publisher=[[Modern Language Association]] |access-date=April 25, 2023 }}</ref>

==== Ethnic clustering ====
San Francisco has several prominent Chinese, Mexican, and Filipino neighborhoods including [[Chinatown, San Francisco|Chinatown]] and [[Mission District, San Francisco|the Mission District]]. Research collected on the immigrant clusters in the city show that more than half of the Asian population in San Francisco is either Chinese-born (40.3%) or Philippine-born (13.1%), and of the Mexican population 21% were Mexican-born, meaning these are people who recently immigrated to the United States.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last=Pamuk|first=Ayse|date=Fall 2017|title=Geography of immigrant clusters in global cities: a case study of San Francisco|journal=International Journal of Urban and Regional Research|volume=28|issue=2|pages=287–307|doi=10.1111/j.0309-1317.2004.00520.x}}</ref> Between the years of 1990 and 2000, the number of foreign-born residents increased from 33% to nearly 40%.<ref name=":02"/> During this same time period, the San Francisco metropolitan area received 850,000 immigrants, ranking third in the United States after Los Angeles and New York.<ref name=":02"/>

===Education, households, and income===
[[File:Seacliff District SF.jpg|thumb|left|[[Sea Cliff, San Francisco|Sea Cliff]] is one of the city's most expensive neighborhoods.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.california.com/guide-san-franciscos-most-expensive-neighborhoods/|title=A Guide to San Francisco's Most Expensive Neighborhoods|website=www.california.com}}</ref>]]
Of all major cities in the United States, San Francisco has the second-highest percentage of residents with a college degree, second only to [[Seattle]]. Over 44% of adults have a bachelor's or higher degree.<ref name="Bizjournals">{{cite news|url = http://www.bizjournals.com/specials/pages/12.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060701071804/http://www.bizjournals.com/specials/pages/12.html|archive-date = July 1, 2006|title = The brainpower of America's largest cities|access-date =August 5, 2010|year = 2006|publisher = Bizjournals.com (data interpreted from U.S. Census)}}</ref> San Francisco had the highest rate at 7,031 per square mile, or over 344,000 total graduates in the city's {{convert|46.7|sqmi|km2}}.<ref name="USA Today">{{cite news|last = Winter |first = Michael|url = http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2010/06/new-measure-ranks-san-francisco-the-smartest-us-city/1|title = New measure ranks San Francisco the 'smartest' U.S. city|work = USA Today|access-date =August 5, 2010|date = June 9, 2010}}</ref>

San Francisco has the highest estimated percentage of gay and lesbian individuals of any of the 50 largest U.S. cities, at 15%.<ref>{{cite web|last = Gates |first=Gary|title = Same-sex Couples and the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Population: New Estimates from the American Community Survey|publisher=The Williams Institute, UCLA School of Law|url=http://www.law.ucla.edu/williamsinstitute/publications/SameSexCouplesandGLBpopACS.pdf|access-date =July 10, 2008|date=October 2006|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070702202709/http://www.law.ucla.edu/williamsinstitute/publications/SameSexCouplesandGLBpopACS.pdf|archive-date = July 2, 2007}}</ref> San Francisco also has the highest percentage of same-sex households of any American county, with the Bay Area having a higher concentration than any other [[metropolitan area]].<ref name="gaystats">{{cite web|title = Gay and Lesbian Families in the United States: Same-Sex Unmarried Partner Households|url = http://www.hrc.org/documents/gayandlesbianfamilies.pdf|publisher = Human Rights Campaign|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080413201016/http://www.hrc.org/documents/gayandlesbianfamilies.pdf|archive-date = April 13, 2008|access-date =August 26, 2006}}</ref>

San Francisco ranks third of American cities in median household income<ref name="Census ACS 2003">{{cite web|title=Median Household Income (In 2003 Inflation-adjusted Dollars) (Place Level)|url=https://www.census.gov/acs/www/Products/Ranking/2003/R07T160.htm|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041209192629/http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Products/Ranking/2003/R07T160.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 9, 2004|access-date=June 23, 2009|date=August 22, 2007}}</ref> with a 2007 value of $65,519.<ref name="SF QuickFacts">{{cite web|title=QuickFacts: San Francisco County, California|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/06075.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 11, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713075807/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/06075.html|archive-date=July 13, 2011}}</ref> Median family income is $81,136.<ref name="SF QuickFacts"/> An emigration of middle-class families has left the city with a lower proportion of children than any other large American city,<ref>{{cite news|first=Aaron|last=Sankin|url = https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/families-flee-san-francisco_n_1335639|title = Families Flee San Francisco: City Has Lowest Percentage Of Kids Of Any Major U.S. City|access-date =August 8, 2018|date = March 9, 2012|work = HuffPost}}</ref> with the dog population cited as exceeding the child population of 115,000, in 2018.<ref>{{cite news|last = Hendrix |first = Michael|url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/young-americans-loneliness-sets-the-table-for-friendsgiving/2018/11/21/4de85848-ed9c-11e8-8679-934a2b33be52_story.html|title = Young Americans' loneliness sets the table for Friendsgiving|newspaper = [[The Washington Post]]|access-date = November 21, 2018|date = November 21, 2018}}</ref> The city's [[poverty rate]] is 12%, lower than the national average.<ref>{{cite web|title=Economic Characteristics|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ACSSAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=05000US06075&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US06%7C05000US06075&_street=&_county=san+francisco&_cityTown=san+francisco&_state=&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=050&_submenuId=factsheet_1&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null%3Anull&_keyword=&_industry=
|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200211174518/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ACSSAFFFacts?_event=&geo_id=05000US06075&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US06%7C05000US06075&_street=&_county=san+francisco&_cityTown=san+francisco&_state=&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=050&_submenuId=factsheet_1&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null:null&_keyword=&_industry=|archive-date=February 11, 2020
|access-date=January 9, 2015
|year=2007
|work=2005–2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates – Data Profile Highlights
|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>
[[Homelessness in San Francisco|Homelessness has been a chronic problem for San Francisco]] since the early 1970s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/asylums/special/excerpt.html |publisher=PBS |title=Deinstitutionalization: A Psychiatric 'Titanic' |access-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720013649/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/asylums/special/excerpt.html |archive-date=July 20, 2014}}</ref>
The city is believed to have the highest number of homeless inhabitants per capita of any major U.S. city.<ref>{{cite web
|title       = San Francisco Program Combats Homelessness with Innovation
|publisher   = [[PBS]]
|date        = April 5, 2005
|url         = https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/business/jan-june05/homeless_4-8.html
|access-date  = September 6, 2007
|url-status=dead
|archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20120110054843/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/business/jan-june05/homeless_4-8.html
|archive-date = January 10, 2012
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|last = Pratt
|first = Timothy
|title = Critics say regional plan won't solve the problem
|newspaper=Las Vegas Sun
|date = August 12, 2006
|url = http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2005/aug/12/critics-say-regional-plan-wont-solve-the-problem/
|access-date =August 30, 2006}}</ref>

There are 345,811 households in the city, out of which: 133,366 households (39%) were individuals, 109,437 (32%) were [[marriage|opposite-sex married couples]], 63,577 (18%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 21,677 (6%) were [[POSSLQ|unmarried opposite-sex partnerships]], and 10,384 (3%) were [[same-sex partnerships|same-sex married couples or partnerships]]. The average household size was 2.26; the average family size was 3.11. 452,986 people (56%) lived in rental housing units, and 327,985 people (41%) lived in owner-occupied housing units.
The median age of the city population is 38 years.

San Francisco declared itself a [[sanctuary city]] in 1989, and city officials strengthened the stance in 2013 with its 'Due Process for All' ordinance. The law declared local authorities could not hold immigrants for immigration offenses if they had no violent felonies on their records and did not currently face charges.<ref>{{cite news|first1=Cindy|last1= Carcamo|first2= Kate |last2=Mather|first3=Dakota|last3= Smith|url=https://latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-sanctuary-cities-20161114-story.html |title=Trump's crackdown on illegal immigration leaves a lot unanswered for sanctuary cities like L.A.|work=Los Angeles Times|date=November 15, 2016|access-date=December 5, 2019}}</ref> The city issues a [[SF City ID Card|Resident ID Card]] regardless of the applicant's immigration status.<ref>{{cite news| last = Buchanan| first = Wyatt| title = S.F. supervisors approve ID cards for residents| publisher = [[San Francisco Chronicle]]| date = November 14, 2007| url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/14/BAB9TBP5H.DTL&tsp=1 | access-date = April 17, 2019}}</ref>

=== Homelessness ===
{{See also|Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area}}
[[File:San Francisco Homeless Tents (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area|Homeless encampment]] under a freeway in San Francisco]]
[[Homelessness in San Francisco]] emerged as a major issue in the late 20th century and remains a growing problem in modern times.<ref>{{cite web|last=Saunders |first=Debra |url=http://www.sfgate.com/opinion/saunders/article/San-Francisco-s-summer-of-urine-and-6430084.php |title=San Francisco's summer of urine and drug-addicted homeless |work=San Francisco Gate |access-date=March 17, 2017 |date=August 9, 2015}}</ref>

8,035 homeless people were counted in San Francisco's 2019 point-in-time street and shelter count. This was an increase of more than 17% over the 2017 count of 6,858 people. 5,180 of the people were living unsheltered on the streets and in parks.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=2019|title=2019 San Francisco Homeless Count Report|url=https://hsh.sfgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/2019HIRDReport_SanFrancisco_FinalDraft-1.pdf|access-date=December 12, 2020|archive-date=September 8, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908180341/https://hsh.sfgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/2019HIRDReport_SanFrancisco_FinalDraft-1.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> 26% of respondents in the 2019 count identified job loss as the primary cause of their homelessness, 18% cited alcohol or drug use, and 13% cited being evicted from their residence.<ref name=":6" /> 
The city of San Francisco has been dramatically increasing its spending to service the growing population homelessness crisis: spending jumped by $241 million in 2016–17 to total $275 million, compared to a budget of just $34 million the previous year. In 2017–18 the budget for combatting homelessness stood at $305 million.<ref name="Amy Graff">{{cite news|first1=Amy|last1=Graff|date=January 24, 2018|title=UN expert on San Francisco homelessness: 'I couldn't help but be completely shocked'|publisher=SFGATE|url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Leilani-Farah-UN-rapporteur-homelessness-SF-CA-12519117.php|access-date=August 6, 2018}}</ref> In the 2019–2020 budget year, the city budgeted $368 million for homelessness services. In the proposed 2020–2021 budget the city budgeted $850 million for homelessness services.<ref>{{Cite web |title=City & County of San Francisco, California Mayor's 2020–2021 & 2021–2022 Proposed Budget |url=https://sfmayor.org/sites/default/files/CSF_Proposed_Budget_Book_July_2020_LR_Web_REV2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231021082419/https://sfmayor.org/sites/default/files/CSF_Proposed_Budget_Book_July_2020_LR_Web_REV2.pdf |archive-date= October 21, 2023 }}</ref>

In January 2018 a United Nations special rapporteur on homelessness, Leilani Farha, stated that she was "completely shocked" by San Francisco's homelessness crisis during a visit to the city. She compared the "deplorable conditions" of the homeless camps she witnessed on San Francisco's streets to those she had seen in [[Mumbai]].<ref name="Amy Graff"/> In May 2020, San Francisco officially sanctioned [[Homelessness in the United States|homeless]] [[List of tent cities in the United States|encampments]].<ref>{{cite news |title=San Francisco sanctions once-shunned homeless encampments |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/san-francisco-sanctions-shunned-homeless-encampments-70825370 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522224051/https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/san-francisco-sanctions-shunned-homeless-encampments-70825370 |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 22, 2020 |work=ABC News |date=May 23, 2020|author-first1=Janie|author-last1=Har|author-first2=Terence|author-last2=Chea}}</ref>

According to San Francisco's Point-in-Time (PIT) count, the homeless population in 2024 was approximately 8,323 individuals. Additionally, over 20,000 people in the city were seeking homeless services.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2024 Point-in-Time Count |url=https://www.sf.gov/reports/september-2024/2024-point-time-count |access-date=2024-12-05 |website=www.sf.gov}}</ref>

===Crime===
{{main|Crime in San Francisco}}
{{update|date=March 2024}}
[[File:Police Horse with Giants Hat (8146841565).jpg|thumb|left|[[SFPD]] mounted police officers]]

San Francisco's violent crime rate is low compared to other major cities, though many residents are still concerned about it.<ref>{{cite web |first1=Paayal|last1=Zaveri|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/bob-lee-stabbing-murder-san-francisco-crime-data-square-block-2023-4 | title=San Francisco's homicide rate is low compared to other big cities, but the killing of tech founder Bob Lee shows that doesn't tell the whole story | website=[[Business Insider]] |publisher=Insider Inc|date=5 April 2023}}</ref>

In 2011, 50 murders were reported, which is 6.1 per 100,000 people.<ref>{{cite news|first1=Demian|last1=Bulwa |url=http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Through-hard-times-S-F-killings-at-historic-lows-2441692.php |title=Through hard times, S.F. killings at historic lows |work=San Francisco Chronicle |date=January 5, 2012 |access-date=July 29, 2013}}</ref> There were about 134 rapes, 3,142 robberies, and about 2,139 assaults. There were about 4,469 burglaries, 25,100 thefts, and 4,210 motor vehicle thefts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ca/san-francisco/crime/ |title=San Francisco crime rates and statistics |publisher=NeighborhoodScout |access-date=July 29, 2013}}</ref> The [[Tenderloin, San Francisco|Tenderloin]] area has the highest crime rate in San Francisco: 70% of the city's violent crimes, and around one-fourth of the city's murders, occur in this neighborhood. The Tenderloin also sees high rates of drug abuse, gang violence, and prostitution.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://foundsf.org/index.php?title=The_Tenderloin |title=The Tenderloin |publisher=FoundSF |access-date=July 29, 2013|author-first1=Rob|author-last1=Waters|author-first2=Wade|author-last2=Hudson}}</ref> Another area with high crime rates is the [[Bayview–Hunters Point, San Francisco|Bayview-Hunters Point]] area. In the first six months of 2015 there were 25 murders compared to 14 in the first six months of 2014. However, the murder rate is still much lower than in past decades.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Bay-Area-homicide-rates-remain-low-6366518.php|title=Bay Area homicide rates remain low|first1=Vivian|last1=Ho|date=July 4, 2015|work=San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref> That rate, though, did rise again by the close of 2016. According to the San Francisco Police Department, there were 59 murders in the city in 2016, an annual total that marked a 13.5% increase in the number of homicides (52) from 2015.<ref>Bodley, Michael (January 4, 2017). [http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/SF-cops-say-they-notch-2-arrests-in-last-2-10835808.php "SF cops say they notch 2 arrests in last 2 homicides of 2016"]. ''SFGate''. Retrieved January 17, 2017.</ref> The city has also gained a reputation for car break-ins, with over 19,000 car break-ins occurring in 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Shaban |first1=Bigad |last2=Campos |first2=Robert |last3=Carroll |first3=Jeremy |last4=Villarreal |first4=Mark |title=Breaking Point: SF Suffers Highest Rate of Car Break-Ins Compared to Atlanta, DC, Dallas, LA |url=https://www.nbcbayarea.com/investigations/breaking-point-sf-suffers-highest-rate-of-car-break-ins-compared-to-atlanta-dc-dallas-la/2731757/ |website=nbcbayarea.com |date=November 17, 2021 |access-date=12 July 2022}}</ref>

During the first half of 2018, human feces on San Francisco sidewalks were the second-most-frequent complaint of city residents, with about 65 calls per day. The city has formed a "poop patrol" to attempt to combat the problem.<ref name=sfchroniclepoop>{{cite news |last=Knight |first=Heather |date=August 14, 2018 |title=It's no laughing matter — SF forming Poop Patrol to keep sidewalks clean |url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/heatherknight/article/It-s-no-laughing-matter-SF-forming-Poop-13153517.php |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=August 15, 2018}}</ref>
[[File:San Francisco Police Department vehicles Market Street (July 2022).JPG|thumb|right|SFPD [[parking enforcement officer]]s]]

Several [[street gang]]s have operated in the city over the decades, including [[MS-13]],<ref>{{cite web |work=SF Weekly |url=http://www.sfweekly.com/related/to/La+Mara+Salvatrucha+Street+Gang/ |title=La Mara Salvatrucha Street Gang |access-date=July 29, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726192405/http://www.sfweekly.com/related/to/La+Mara+Salvatrucha+Street+Gang/ |archive-date=July 26, 2013}}</ref> the [[Sureños]] and [[Norteños]] in the Mission District.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bulwa|first1=Demian |url=http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/SAN-FRANCISCO-Sure-o-gang-s-threat-growing-in-2667647.php |title=SAN FRANCISCO / Sureño gang's threat growing in Bay Area / Widow's apartment is at heart of group's Mission District turf|work=San Francisco Chronicle |date=May 27, 2005 |access-date=March 29, 2014}}</ref>

African-American street gangs familiar in other cities, including the [[Bloods gang|Bloods]], [[Crips]], and their sets, have struggled to establish footholds in San Francisco,<ref>{{cite news|first1=Albert|last1=Samaha |url=http://www.sfweekly.com/2012-09-26/news/crips-gangs-sfpd-bloods-bayview-hunters-point/ |title=Crip-less: S.F.'s Dislike of Franchises Extends to Street Gangs – Page 1 – News – San Francisco |newspaper=SF Weekly |date=September 26, 2012 |access-date=July 29, 2013}}</ref> while police and prosecutors have been accused of liberally labeling young African-American males as gang members.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Chris|last1=Roberts |url=http://archives.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/mario-woods-news-police-black-lives-matter-gangs-oakdale-mob-west-mob-public-defender/Content?oid=4330336 |title=Mario Woods and Gang Injunctions |newspaper=SF Weekly |date=December 2015 |access-date=September 5, 2016 |archive-date=September 18, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918232320/http://archives.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/mario-woods-news-police-black-lives-matter-gangs-oakdale-mob-west-mob-public-defender/Content?oid=4330336 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
Criminal [[Triad (organized crime)|Triad]] groups such as the [[Wo Hop To]], were active in San Francisco in the 20th century.<ref>{{cite news |author=Mary Spicuzza |title=Enter The Dragon |newspaper=SF Weekly |url=http://archives.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/enter-the-dragon-head/Content?oid=2163615 |date=August 1, 2007 |access-date=September 5, 2016 |archive-date=September 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919000401/http://archives.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/enter-the-dragon-head/Content?oid=2163615 |url-status=dead }}</ref> According to statistics released by SFPD in April 2024, the crime figures were down in the first 100 days of the year, namely in terms of robberies, burglaries and larceny.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Greschler |first=Gabe |date=April 23, 2024 |title=Crime is falling in San Francisco. Try telling that to voters. |url=https://sfstandard.com/2024/04/23/san-francisco-crime-rate-down-mayors-race/ |access-date=July 25, 2024 |work=The San Francisco Standard}}</ref> In the first half of 2024, San Francisco experienced a 32% decrease in overall crime compared to the previous year. Personal property theft saw a 41% reduction, and violent crimes, including gun-related incidents, decreased by 30%.<ref>{{Cite web |title= San Francisco Crime 2024 - KQED |url=https://www.kqed.org/news/11996211/san-francisco-crime-is-down-significantly-but-its-not-clear-trend-will-last |access-date=2024-09-05 |website= kqed.org |date=July 18, 2024 }}</ref>