Editing Rotavirus (section)

=== Innate responses ===
Following infection by rotaviruses there is a rapid innate immune response involving types I and III [[interferon]]s and other [[cytokine]]s (particularly Th1 and Th2)<ref name="pmid28414969">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gandhi GR, Santos VS, Denadai M, da Silva Calisto VK, de Souza Siqueira Quintans J, de Oliveira e Silva AM, de Souza Araújo AA, Narain N, Cuevas LE, Júnior LJ, Gurgel RQ |s2cid=3568330 |title=Cytokines in the management of rotavirus infection: A systematic review of in vivo studies |journal=Cytokine |volume=96 |pages=152–160 |year=2017 |pmid=28414969 |doi=10.1016/j.cyto.2017.04.013 |url=http://archive.lstmed.ac.uk/7055/2/Cytokine_96_152-160_14.4.17%20Submitted.docx}}</ref> which inhibit the replication of the virus and recruit [[macrophage]]s and [[natural killer cell]]s to the rotavirus infected cells.<ref name="pmid23486667">{{cite journal |vauthors=Holloway G, Coulson BS |title=Innate cellular responses to rotavirus infection |journal=The Journal of General Virology |volume=94 |issue= 6 |pages=1151–1160 |year=2013 |pmid=23486667 |doi=10.1099/vir.0.051276-0 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The rotavirus dsRNA activates pattern recognition receptors such [[toll-like receptor]]s that stimulate the production of interferons.<ref name="pmid27994593" /> The rotavirus protein NSP1 counteracts the effects of type 1 interferons by suppressing the activity of the interferon regulatory proteins IRF3, IRF5 and IRF7.<ref name="pmid27994593">{{cite journal |vauthors=Villena J, Vizoso-Pinto MG, Kitazawa H |title=Intestinal Innate Antiviral Immunity and Immunobiotics: Beneficial Effects against Rotavirus Infection |journal=Frontiers in Immunology |volume=7 |pages=563 |year=2016 |pmid=27994593 |pmc=5136547 |doi=10.3389/fimmu.2016.00563 |doi-access=free }}</ref>