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===Film adaptations=== There is a 1927 silent film titled ''[[Robinson Crusoe (1927 film)|Robinson Crusoe]]''. The Soviet 3D film ''[[Robinson Crusoe (1947 film)|Robinson Crusoe]]'' was produced in 1947. One of the first adaptations still available dates from 1932 titled ''[[Mr. Robinson Crusoe]]''. This film was produced by [[Douglas Fairbanks|Douglas Fairbanks Sr]] and directed by [[Eddie Sutherland]]. Set in Tahiti, the film depicts Steve Drexel, the main character, trying to survive on a desert island for almost a year. This film was not very successful. [[Luis Buñuel]] directed ''[[Adventures of Robinson Crusoe]]'' starring [[Dan O'Herlihy]], released in 1954. Luis Buñuel filmed an account which at first viewing appeared to be a rather simple straightforward telling of Robinson Crusoe. A big stand out with this film is that Buñuel breaks the previous films' traditions of having Friday as a slave and Crusoe as the master. The two manage to become actually friends and they operate essentially as equals. In 1966, [[Walt Disney]] later comedicized the novel with ''[[Lt. Robin Crusoe, U.S.N.]]'', featuring [[Dick Van Dyke]]. In this version, Friday became a beautiful woman, but named 'Wednesday' instead. Variations on the theme include the 1954 ''[[Miss Robin Crusoe]]'', with a female castaway, played by [[Amanda Blake]], and a female Friday, and in 1965 we get the film adaptation ''[[Robinson Crusoe on Mars]]'', starring [[Paul Mantee]], with an alien Friday portrayed by [[Victor Lundin]] and an added character played by [[Adam West]]. [[Byron Haskin]]s manages to underscore Crusoe's removal and field of the red planet that we call mars. Our main character meets a Friday-esque character but makes no effort to try and understand his language. Like the book, in this film, Friday is trying to escape from cruel masters. This movie has lots of appeal to fans of adventures stories and the film has a distinctive visual style that adds to its character. In 1968, [[United States|American]] writer/director Ralph C. Bluemke made a [[family-friendly]] version of the story titled ''[[Robby (film)|Robby]]'', in which the main characters were portrayed as children. It starred Warren Raum as Robby (Robinson Crusoe) and Ryp Siani as Friday (who were the director's first choices for the roles).<ref name= FKK48>{{cite news| url= http://www.fkk-museum.de/bilder/278_487.jpg | title= Robby| page=2| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20170904070242/http://www.fkk-museum.de/bilder/278_48.jpg| archivedate= 2017-09-04| date= | publisher= republished online at fkk-museum.de| access-date= 2022-04-05}}</ref> Bluemke originally conceived the idea while working at a bank in 1960.<ref name= FKK47>{{cite news| url= http://www.fkk-museum.de/bilder/278_47.jpg | title= Robby| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20170904070242/http://www.fkk-museum.de/bilder/278_47.jpg| archivedate= 2017-09-04| date= | publisher= republished online at fkk-museum.de| access-date= 2022-04-05}}</ref> Given the nature and location of the script, Bluemke knew from the beginning that the film would require a certain amount of [[nudity]] in order to give it a sense of realism and authenticity. At the time, he was under the impression that the nudity depicted in the film would be condoned as natural and innocent, given the backdrop of the story, and given that the actors involved were [[prepubescent]] boys.<ref name= FKK49>{{cite news| url= http://www.fkk-museum.de/bilder/278_49.jpg | title= Robby| page=3| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20170904070242/http://www.fkk-museum.de/bilder/278_49.jpg| archivedate= 2017-09-04| date= | publisher= republished online at fkk-museum.de| access-date= 2022-04-05}}</ref> The film failed to secure a wide distribution deal, in part because prospective distributors were wary about the extensive nudity featured in the film. Undaunted, the producers raised enough capital to release the film themselves, acting as their own distributor. It had limited screenings on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] in [[New York City]] on August 14, 1968.<ref>{{Cite web| url= https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0063513/releaseinfo|title=Robby (1968) – IMDb|website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref> [[Peter O'Toole]] and [[Richard Roundtree]] co-starred in a 1975 film ''[[Man Friday (1975 film)|Man Friday]]'' which sardonically portrayed Crusoe as incapable of seeing his dark-skinned companion as anything but an inferior creature, while Friday is more enlightened and sympathetic. In 1988, [[Aidan Quinn]] portrayed Robinson Crusoe in the film ''[[Crusoe (film)|Crusoe]]''. A 1997 movie entitled ''[[Robinson Crusoe (1997 film)|Robinson Crusoe]]'' starred [[Pierce Brosnan]] and received limited commercial success. The 2000 film ''[[Cast Away]]'', with [[Tom Hanks]] as a FedEx employee stranded on an island for many years, also borrows much from the Robinson Crusoe story. In 1981, [[Czechoslovakia]]n director and animator [[Stanislav Látal]] made a version of the story under the name ''[[Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, a Sailor from York]]'' combining traditional and stop-motion animation. The movie was coproduced by regional West Germany broadcaster Südwestfunk Baden-Baden.{{Citation needed|date=February 2021}}
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