Editing Ribosome (section)

==== Cotranslational folding ====
The ribosome is known to actively participate in the [[protein folding]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Banerjee D, Sanyal S | date = October 2014 | title = Protein folding activity of the ribosome (PFAR) – a target for antiprion compounds | journal = Viruses | volume = 6 | issue = 10 | pages = 3907–3924 | pmid = 25341659 | pmc = 4213570 | doi = 10.3390/v6103907 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fedorov AN, Baldwin TO | date = December 1997 | title = Cotranslational protein folding | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 272 | issue = 52 | pages = 32715–32718 | pmid = 9407040 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.52.32715 | doi-access = free }}</ref> The structures obtained in this way are usually identical to the ones obtained during protein chemical refolding; however, the pathways leading to the final product may be different.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Baldwin RL | date = June 1975 | title = Intermediates in protein folding reactions and the mechanism of protein folding | journal = Annual Review of Biochemistry | volume = 44 | issue = 1 | pages = 453–475 | pmid = 1094916 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.bi.44.070175.002321 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Das D, Das A, Samanta D, Ghosh J, Dasgupta S, Bhattacharya A, Basu A, Sanyal S, Das Gupta C | date = August 2008 | title = Role of the ribosome in protein folding | journal = Biotechnology Journal | volume = 3 | issue = 8 | pages = 999–1009 | pmid = 18702035 | doi = 10.1002/biot.200800098 | url = http://repository.ias.ac.in/8881/1/313.pdf }}</ref> In some cases, the ribosome is crucial in obtaining the functional protein form. For example, one of the possible mechanisms of folding of the deeply [[knotted protein]]s relies on the ribosome pushing the chain through the attached loop.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dabrowski-Tumanski P, Piejko M, Niewieczerzal S, Stasiak A, Sulkowska JI | date = December 2018 | title = Protein knotting by active threading of nascent polypeptide chain exiting from the ribosome exit channel | journal = The Journal of Physical Chemistry B | volume = 122 | issue = 49 | pages = 11616–11625 | pmid = 30198720 | doi = 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b07634 | s2cid = 52176392 }}</ref>