Editing Porcelain (section)

=== Japanese porcelain ===
[[File:Four Arts China Japan.jpg|thumb|A contemporary Japanese porcelain goblet (in the middle of the [[Go (game)|Go]] board) and a Chinese teapot and its cups (on the side)]]

{{main|Japanese pottery and porcelain}}
Although the Japanese elite were keen importers of Chinese porcelain from early on, they were not able to make their own until the arrival of Korean potters that were taken captive during the [[Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)]]. They brought an improved type of kiln, and one of them spotted a source of porcelain clay near [[Arita, Saga|Arita]], and before long several kilns had started in the region. At first their wares were similar to the cheaper and cruder Chinese porcelains with underglaze blue decoration that were already widely sold in Japan; this style was to continue for cheaper everyday wares until the 20th century.<ref>Smith, Harris, & Clark, 163-164; Watson, 260</ref>

[[File:Japanese - Figurine ("Okimono") of a Lion with a Ball - Walters 491757.jpg|thumb|left|[[Hirado ware]] [[okimono]] (figurine) of a lion with a ball, Japan, 19th century]]
[[Japanese export porcelain|Exports to Europe]] began around 1660, through the Chinese and the [[Dutch East India Company]], the only Europeans allowed a trading presence. Chinese exports had been seriously disrupted by civil wars as the Ming dynasty fell apart, and the Japanese exports increased rapidly to fill the gap. At first the wares used European shapes and mostly Chinese decoration, as the Chinese had done, but gradually original Japanese styles developed.

[[Nabeshima ware]] was produced in kilns owned by the families of feudal lords, and were decorated in the Japanese tradition, much of it related to textile design. This was not initially exported, but used for gifts to other aristocratic families. [[Imari ware]] and [[Kakiemon]] are broad terms for styles of export porcelain with overglaze "enamelled" decoration begun in the early period, both with many sub-types.<ref>Smith, Harris, & Clark, 164-165; Watson, 261</ref>

[[File:Nabeshima Dish with Hydrangea Design, c. 1680-1720, Arita, Okawachi kilns, hard-paste porcelain with cobalt and enamels - Gardiner Museum, Toronto - DSC00496.JPG|thumb|[[Nabeshima ware]] dish with [[hydrangea]]s, {{Circa|1680}}–1720, Arita, Okawachi kilns, hard-paste porcelain with cobalt and enamels]]
A great range of styles and manufacturing centres were in use by the start of the 19th century, and as Japan opened to trade in the second half, exports expanded hugely and quality generally declined. Much traditional porcelain continues to replicate older methods of production and styles, and there are several modern industrial manufacturers.<ref>Smith, Harris, & Clark, 165; Watson, 261</ref> By the early 1900s, Filipino porcelain artisans working in Japanese porcelain centres for much of their lives, later on introduced the craft into the native population in the [[Philippines]],<ref>{{Cite journal |jstor = 42719652|title = The First Philippine Porcelain|last1 = De Ayala|first1 = Fernando Zobel|journal = Philippine Studies|year = 1961|volume = 9|issue = 1|pages = 17–19}}</ref> although oral literature from Cebu in the central Philippines have noted that porcelain were already being produced by the natives locally during the time of Cebu's early rulers, prior to the arrival of colonizers in the 16th century.<ref>Ouano-Savellon, R. (2014). Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society Vol. 42, No. 3/4: Aginid Bayok Sa Atong Tawarik: Archaic Cebuano and Historicity in a Folk Narrative. University of San Carlos Publications.</ref>