Editing Political status of Taiwan (section)

=== People's Republic of China (PRC) ===

[[File:Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents (front).jpg|alt=|thumb|350x350px|A PRC [[Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents]]. Permits allow ROC residents of Taiwan to enter mainland China. The PRC refuses to accept ROC [[Taiwan passport|passports]].]]
The position of the PRC is that the ROC ceased to be a legitimate government upon the founding of the former on 1 October 1949 and that the PRC is the successor of the ROC as the sole legitimate government of China, with the right to rule Taiwan under the [[succession of states theory]].<ref name="prc_wp">{{cite web |year = 2005 |title = The One-China Principle and the Taiwan Issue |work = PRC Taiwan Affairs Office and the Information Office of the State Council |url = http://www.gwytb.gov.cn:8088/detail.asp?table=WhitePaper&title=White%20Papers%20On%20Taiwan%20Issue&m_id=4 |access-date = 6 March 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060213045631/http://www.gwytb.gov.cn:8088/detail.asp?table=WhitePaper&title=White+Papers+On+Taiwan+Issue&m_id=4 |archive-date = 13 February 2006 |url-status = dead }}</ref>

The position of the PRC is that the ROC and PRC are two different factions in the Chinese Civil War, which never legally ended. Therefore, the PRC claims that both factions belong to the same sovereign country—China. Since, as per the PRC, Taiwan's sovereignty belongs to China, the PRC's government and supporters believe that the secession of Taiwan should be agreed upon by all 1.3&nbsp;billion Chinese citizens instead of just the 23&nbsp;million residents of Taiwan.<ref>{{cite web |title = Four-point guidelines on cross-Straits relations set forth by President Hu |work = PRC Taiwan Affairs Office and the Information Office of the State Council |url = http://www.gwytb.gov.cn:8088/detail.asp?table=OneCP&title=One-China+Principle&m_id=27 |access-date = 16 September 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081012061448/http://www.gwytb.gov.cn:8088/detail.asp?table=OneCP&title=One-China+Principle&m_id=27 |archive-date = 12 October 2008 |url-status = dead }}</ref> Furthermore, the position of PRC is that [[UN General Assembly Resolution 2758]], which states "Recognizing that the representatives of the Government of the People's Republic of China are the only lawful representatives of China to the United Nations", means that the PRC is recognized as having the sovereignty of all of China, including Taiwan.{{NoteTag|Established by Cairo Declaration, Potsdam Proclamation and Japanese Instrument of Surrender, according to the PRC's claim.}} Therefore, the PRC believes that it is within its legal rights to extend its jurisdiction to Taiwan by military means if at all necessary.{{cn|date=August 2024}}

In addition, the position of the PRC is that the ROC does not meet the fourth criterion of the [[Montevideo Convention]], as it is recognized by only {{Numrec|ROC||UN member states}} and has been denied access to international organizations such as the UN. The PRC points out the fact that the Montevideo Convention was only signed by 19 states at the Seventh International Conference of American States. Thus the authority of the United Nations as well as UN Resolutions, should supersede the Montevideo Convention. However, "When speaking of statehood, one invariably refers to the 1933 Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States, 60 which, laying down what is now considered a rule of customary international law, states that "[t]he State as a person of international law should possess the following qualifications: (a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with other States." Taiwan indeed satisfies all these criteria for statehood."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Montevideo Convention of 1933 & UN Articles on Responsibility of States (2001) |url=https://h2o.law.harvard.edu/text_blocks/28904 |website=H2O platform |access-date=16 June 2022 |archive-date=15 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915194735/https://h2o.law.harvard.edu/text_blocks/28904 |url-status=live }}</ref> Some{{Who|date=April 2025}} would argue that Taiwan meets all the requirements of the Montevideo Convention. But to make such an argument, one has to reject China's claim of sovereignty over the territory of the Taiwan island, a claim that has been recognized by most states in the world.<ref>{{Cite book | author = Stephen D. Krasner | title = Problematic Sovereignty: Contested Rules and Political Possibilities | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ISqwQIBQff4C | publisher = [[Columbia University Press]] | date = 2001 | location = [[New York City]] | page = 46 | isbn = 0231121792 | author-link = Stephen D. Krasner | access-date = 3 December 2019 | archive-date = 11 April 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230411110842/https://books.google.com/books?id=ISqwQIBQff4C | url-status = live }}</ref>

It is clear that the PRC still maintains that "there is only one China in the world" and "Taiwan is an inalienable part of China". However, instead of "the Government of the People's Republic of China is the sole legal government of China", the PRC now emphasizes that "both Taiwan and the mainland belong to one and same China".{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} Although the current position allows for flexibility in terms of defining that "one China", any departure from the [[One-China policy]] is deemed unacceptable by the PRC government. The PRC government is unwilling to negotiate with the ROC government under any formulation other than the One-China policy, although a more flexible definition of "one China" such as found in the [[1992 consensus]] is possible under PRC policy. The PRC government considers the 1992 consensus a temporary measure to set aside sovereignty disputes and enable talks.{{cn|date=August 2024}}

The PRC government considers perceived violations of its "One-China policy" or inconsistencies with it, such as supplying the ROC with arms a violation of its rights to [[territorial integrity]].<ref name="pdaily041010">{{cite news |url = http://english.people.com.cn/200410/10/eng20041010_159539.html |title = China expresses strong indignation for "US-Taiwan defense conference": FM spokesman |newspaper = [[People's Daily]] |date = 10 October 2004 |access-date = 11 June 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060627143113/http://english.people.com.cn/200410/10/eng20041010_159539.html |archive-date = 27 June 2006 |url-status = live }}</ref> International news organizations often report that "China considers Taiwan a renegade province that must be united with the mainland by force if necessary", even though the PRC does not explicitly say that Taiwan is a "renegade province" in any press releases. However, official PRC media outlets and officials often refer to Taiwan as "China's [[Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China|Taiwan Province]]" or simply "[[Taiwan, China]]", and pressure international organizations to use the term.{{cn|date=August 2024}}