Editing Philip K. Dick (section)

===Adaptations===
{{Main|List of adaptations of works by Philip K. Dick}}

====Films====
Several of Dick's stories have been made into films. Dick himself wrote a screenplay for an intended film adaptation of ''[[Ubik]]'' in 1974, but the film was never made. Many film adaptations have not used Dick's original titles. When asked why this was, Dick's ex-wife Tessa said, "Actually, the books rarely carry Phil's original titles, as the editors usually wrote new titles after reading his manuscripts. Phil often commented that he couldn't write good titles. If he could, he would have been an advertising writer instead of a novelist."<ref>{{cite web| last = Knight| first = Annie| author2 = John T Cullen| author3 = the staff of Deep Outside SFFH| title = About Philip K. Dick: An interview with Tessa, Chris, and Ranea Dick| work = Deep Outside SFFH| publisher = Far Sector SFFH| date = November 2002| url = http://www.farsector.com/hot_content1.htm| access-date = April 14, 2008| archive-date = February 19, 2008| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080219195229/http://www.farsector.com/hot_content1.htm| url-status = live}}</ref> Films based on Dick's writing had accumulated a total revenue of over US$1&nbsp;billion by 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=Philip K. Dick Films |publisher=Philip K. Dick Trust |date=August 11, 2009 |url=http://www.philipkdick.com/films_intro.html |access-date=September 3, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822135308/http://www.philipkdick.com/films_intro.html |archive-date=August 22, 2010 }}</ref>
*''[[Blade Runner]]'' (1982), based on Dick's 1968 novel ''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]'', directed by [[Ridley Scott]] and starring [[Harrison Ford]], [[Sean Young]] and [[Rutger Hauer]]. A screenplay had been in the works for years before Scott took the helm, with Dick being extremely critical of all versions. Dick was still apprehensive about how his story would be adapted for the film when the project was finally put into motion. Among other things, he refused to do a novelization of the film. But when Dick was given an opportunity to watch a few sequences portraying the film's imagined Los Angeles of 2019, he was amazed that the environment was "exactly as how I'd imagined it!"—even though Ridley Scott has mentioned he had never even read the source material.<ref>{{Cite AV media | people = Kermode, Mark| title = On the Edge of Bladerunner| medium = TV documentary|publisher=Channel 4 |location=UK | date = July 15, 2000}}</ref> Following the screening, Dick and Scott had a frank but cordial discussion of ''Blade Runner''{{'}}s themes and characters, and although they had wildly differing views, Dick fully backed the film from then on, stating that his "life and creative work are justified and completed by ''Blade Runner''".<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.philipkdick.com/new_letters-laddcompany.html | title=Letter to Jeff Walker regarding 'Blade Runner' | access-date=May 31, 2016 | last=Dick | first=Philip K. | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031213103657/http://www.philipkdick.com/new_letters-laddcompany.html | archive-date=December 13, 2003}}</ref> Dick died from a stroke less than four months before the release of the film.
*''[[Total Recall (1990 film)|Total Recall]]'' (1990), based on the short story "[[We Can Remember It for You Wholesale]]", directed by [[Paul Verhoeven]] and starring [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/2010/10/7-past-and-future-philip-k-dick-adaptations/|title=7 Past and Future Philip K. Dick Adaptations|first=Robert|last=Capps|magazine=Wired|date=October 7, 2010|via=www.wired.com|access-date=April 5, 2020|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922214306/https://www.wired.com/2010/10/7-past-and-future-philip-k-dick-adaptations/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* ''[[Confessions d'un Barjo]]'' (1992), titled ''Barjo'' in its English-language release, a French film based on the non-science-fiction novel ''[[Confessions of a Crap Artist]]''.
* ''[[Screamers (1995 film)|Screamers]]'' (1995), based on the short story "[[Second Variety]]",<ref name="irishtimes.com" /> directed by [[Christian Duguay (director)|Christian Duguay]] and starring [[Peter Weller]]. The location was altered from a war-devastated Earth to a distant planet. A sequel, titled ''[[Screamers: The Hunting]]'', was released [[direct-to-video|straight to DVD]] in 2009.
* ''[[Minority Report (film)|Minority Report]]'' (2002), based on the short story "[[The Minority Report]]", directed by [[Steven Spielberg]] and starring [[Tom Cruise]].
* ''[[Impostor (2002 film)|Impostor]]'' (2002), based on the 1953 story "[[Impostor (short story)|Impostor]]", directed by [[Gary Fleder]] and starring [[Gary Sinise]], [[Vincent D'Onofrio]] and [[Madeleine Stowe]]. The story was also adapted in 1962 for the British television anthology series ''[[Out of This World (UK TV series)|Out of This World]]''.
* ''[[Paycheck (film)|Paycheck]]'' (2003), directed by [[John Woo]] and starring [[Ben Affleck]], based on Dick's [[Paycheck (short story)|short story of the same name]].<ref name="irishtimes.com"/>
* ''[[A Scanner Darkly (film)|A Scanner Darkly]]'' (2006), directed by [[Richard Linklater]] and starring [[Keanu Reeves]], [[Winona Ryder]], and [[Robert Downey Jr.]], based on Dick's [[A Scanner Darkly|novel of the same name]]. The film was produced using the process of [[rotoscoping]]: it was first shot in live-action and then the live footage was animated over.<ref name="auto"/>
* ''[[Next (2007 film)|Next]]'' (2007), directed by [[Lee Tamahori]] and starring [[Nicolas Cage]], loosely based on the short story "[[The Golden Man]]".<ref name="auto"/>
* ''[[Radio Free Albemuth (film)|Radio Free Albemuth]]'' (2010), directed by John Alan Simon loosely based on the novel ''[[Radio Free Albemuth]]''.
* ''[[The Adjustment Bureau]]'' (2011), directed by [[George Nolfi]] and starring [[Matt Damon]], loosely based on the short story "[[Adjustment Team]]".
* ''[[Total Recall (2012 film)|Total Recall]]'' (2012), directed by [[Len Wiseman]] and starring [[Colin Farrell]], second film adaptation of the short story "[[We Can Remember It for You Wholesale]]".

Future films based on Dick's writing include a film adaptation of ''Ubik'' which, according to Dick's daughter, Isa Dick Hackett, is in advanced negotiation.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roberts |first=Randall |url=http://www.calendarlive.com/books/cl-et-dick15sep15,0,5604716.story?coll=cl-books-features |title=calendarlive.com |publisher=calendarlive.com |access-date=November 12, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071211064053/http://www.calendarlive.com/books/cl-et-dick15sep15%2C0%2C5604716.story?coll=cl-books-features |archive-date=December 11, 2007 }}</ref> Ubik was set to be made into a film by [[Michel Gondry]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scifimoviepage.com/upcoming/previews/ubik.html |title=Ubik (2010) – Preview |publisher=Sci-Fi Movie Page |access-date=November 12, 2013 |archive-date=July 28, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728225907/http://www.scifimoviepage.com/upcoming/previews/ubik.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2014, however, Gondry told French outlet Telerama (via Jeux Actu), that he was no longer working on the project.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/news/michel-gondry-abandons-ubik/|title=Michel Gondry Abandons Ubik|website=Empire|first=Owen|last=Williams|date=May 6, 2014|access-date=August 25, 2021|archive-date=August 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825221206/https://www.empireonline.com/movies/news/michel-gondry-abandons-ubik/|url-status=live}}</ref> In November 2021, it was announced that [[Francis Lawrence]] will direct a film adaptation of ''[[Vulcan's Hammer]]'', with Lawrence's about:blank production company, alongside [[New Republic Pictures]] and [[Electric Shepherd Productions]], producing.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Pedersen |first1=Erik |date=November 8, 2021 |title='Vulcan's Hammer': Francis Lawrence Directs Film Version Of Philip K. Dick Novel In Works From New Republic |url=https://deadline.com/2021/11/vulcans-hammer-film-philip-k-dick-novel-francis-lawrence-new-republic-1234869982/ |access-date=April 4, 2022 |website=Deadline |language=en-US |archive-date=December 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208161554/https://deadline.com/2021/11/vulcans-hammer-film-philip-k-dick-novel-francis-lawrence-new-republic-1234869982/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

An animated adaptation of ''[[The King of the Elves]]'' from [[Walt Disney Animation Studios]] was in production and was set to be released in the spring of 2016 but it was cancelled following multiple creative problems.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 28, 2022 |title=What happened to Disney's King of the Elves? |url=https://collider.com/king-of-the-elves-what-happened-disney/ |access-date=April 4, 2022 |first=Douglas |last=Laman |website=Collider |language=en-US |archive-date=April 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404061815/https://collider.com/king-of-the-elves-what-happened-disney/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The ''[[Terminator (franchise)|Terminator]]'' series prominently features the theme of humanoid assassination machines first portrayed in ''Second Variety''. [[The Halcyon Company]], known for developing the ''[[Terminator (franchise)|Terminator]]'' franchise, acquired [[right of first refusal]] to film adaptations of the works of Philip K. Dick in 2007. In May 2009, they announced plans for an adaptation of ''[[Flow My Tears, the Policeman Said]]''.<ref>[http://www.firstshowing.net/2009/05/12/philip-k-dicks-flow-my-tears-the-policeman-said-being-adapted/ Philip K. Dick's 'Flow My Tears, the Policeman Said' Being Adapted] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090515020745/http://www.firstshowing.net/2009/05/12/philip-k-dicks-flow-my-tears-the-policeman-said-being-adapted/ |date=May 15, 2009 }} Alex Billington, FirstShowing.net, May 12, 2009</ref>

====Television====
It was reported in 2010 that Ridley Scott would produce an [[The Man in the High Castle (TV series)|adaptation]] of ''The Man in the High Castle'' for the BBC, in the form of a miniseries.<ref name=Guardian2010 >{{cite news |title=Ridley Scott to return to work of sci-fi icon for BBC mini-series: Blade Runner director to executive produce four-part BBC1 adaptation of Philip K Dick's The Man in the High Castle |last=Sweney |first=Mark |date=October 7, 2010 |newspaper=The Observer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2010/oct/07/ridley-scott-sci-fi-philip-k-dick-bbc-drama |access-date=December 12, 2016 |archive-date=December 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202023815/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2010/oct/07/ridley-scott-sci-fi-philip-k-dick-bbc-drama |url-status=live }}</ref> A pilot episode was released on [[Amazon Prime Video]] in January 2015 and season 1 was fully released in ten episodes of about 60 minutes each on November 20, 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/The-New-World/dp/B00RSGFRY8/|title=Watch The Man in the High Castle - Season 1 &#124; Prime Video|website=www.amazon.com|access-date=September 8, 2017|archive-date=March 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305164620/http://www.amazon.com/The-New-World/dp/B00RSGFRY8/|url-status=live}}</ref> Premiering in January 2015, the pilot was Amazon's "most-watched since the original series development program began." The next month Amazon ordered episodes to fill out a ten-episode season, which was released in November, to positive reviews. A second season of ten episodes premiered in December 2016, and a third season was released on October 5, 2018. The fourth and final season premiered on November 15, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|title=Amazon Prime for November 2019: More 'Jack Ryan,' 'The Report,' 'Man in the High Castle'|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/tv/2019/10/30/amazon-prime-november-more-jack-ryan-man-high-castle/4001064002/|website=USA Today|date=October 30, 2019|access-date=November 16, 2019}}</ref>

In late 2015, [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] aired ''[[Minority Report (TV series)|Minority Report]]'', a television series sequel adaptation to the [[Minority Report (film)|2002 film of the same name]] based on Dick's short story "[[The Minority Report]]" (1956).  The show was cancelled after one 10-episode season.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Palmer |first1=Katie |date=November 3, 2020 |title=Minority Report season 2 release date: Will there be another series of Minority Report? |url=https://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/1354231/minority-report-season-2-release-date-another-series-minority-report-fox-evg |website=express.co.uk |publisher=Express |access-date=September 11, 2021 |archive-date=September 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911225946/https://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/1354231/minority-report-season-2-release-date-another-series-minority-report-fox-evg |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In May 2016, it was announced that a 10-part [[anthology series]] was in the works. Titled ''[[Electric Dreams (2017 TV series)|Philip K. Dick's Electric Dreams]]'', the series was distributed by [[Sony Pictures Television]] and premiered on [[Channel 4]] in the United Kingdom and Amazon Prime Video in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/philip-k-dick-bryan-cranston-electric-dreams-anthology-series-1201987470/|title=Amazon Grabs U.S. Rights to Bryan Cranston's 'Philip K. Dick's Electric Dreams' Anthology Series|author=Cynthia Littleton|work=Variety|date=February 14, 2017|access-date=December 12, 2017|archive-date=April 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424234338/http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/philip-k-dick-bryan-cranston-electric-dreams-anthology-series-1201987470/|url-status=live}}</ref> It was written by executive producers [[Ronald D. Moore]] and [[Michael Dinner]], with executive input from Dick's daughter [[Isa Dick Hackett]], and stars [[Bryan Cranston]], also an executive producer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.variety.com/2016/tv/news/bryan-cranston-boards-electric-dreams-for-sony-and-channel-4-1201770073/|title=Bryan Cranston to Star in Philip K. Dick Series From 'Outlander's' Ron Moore|last=Lodderhose|first=Diana|date=May 10, 2016|website=Variety|access-date=May 11, 2016|archive-date=May 10, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160510202606/http://variety.com/2016/tv/news/bryan-cranston-boards-electric-dreams-for-sony-and-channel-4-1201770073/|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Stage and radio====
Four of Dick's works have been adapted for the stage.

One was the opera ''VALIS'', composed and with [[libretto]] by [[Tod Machover]], which premiered at the [[Pompidou Center]] in Paris<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.openculture.com/2016/08/hear-valis-an-opera-based-on-philip-k-dicks-metaphysical-novel.html|title=Hear VALIS, an Opera Based on Philip K. Dick's Metaphysical Novel &#124; Open Culture|access-date=August 25, 2021|archive-date=August 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825221840/https://www.openculture.com/2016/08/hear-valis-an-opera-based-on-philip-k-dicks-metaphysical-novel.html|url-status=live}}</ref> on December 1, 1987, with a French libretto. It was subsequently revised and readapted into English, and was recorded and released on CD (Bridge Records BCD9007) in 1988.<ref>{{cite web | title=Machover's VALIS This Way Comes | website=The Boston Musical Intelligencer | date=August 30, 2023 | url=https://www.classical-scene.com/2023/08/30/valis-comes/ | access-date=August 17, 2024}}</ref>

Another was ''[[Flow My Tears, the Policeman Said]]'', adapted by Linda Hartinian and produced by the New York-based avant-garde company [[Mabou Mines]]. It premiered in Boston at the Boston Shakespeare Theatre (June 18–30, 1985) and was subsequently staged in New York and Chicago. Productions of ''Flow My Tears, the Policeman Said'' were also staged by the Evidence Room<ref>{{cite web|url=http://evidenceroomtheater.com/past.html|title=evidEnce room – past productions|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207094749/http://www.evidenceroomtheater.com/past.html|archive-date=February 7, 2012|access-date=May 28, 2012}}</ref> in Los Angeles in 1999<ref>{{cite news|last=Foley|first=Kathleen|title='Flow My Tears' Has Hallucinatory Style|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-apr-22-ca-29736-story.html|access-date=May 28, 2012|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=April 22, 1999|archive-date=October 15, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015154138/http://articles.latimes.com/1999/apr/22/entertainment/ca-29736|url-status=live}}</ref> and by the Fifth Column Theatre Company at the [[Ovalhouse|Oval House Theatre]] in London in the same year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ntk.net/1999/06/11/ |title=Archived NTK email newsletter from 11 June 1999 |date=June 11, 1999 |publisher=Ntk.net |access-date=November 12, 2013 |archive-date=January 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120164444/http://www.ntk.net/1999/06/11/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

A play based on ''[[Radio Free Albemuth]]'' also had a brief run in the 1980s.{{clarify|date=April 2021}}{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}

In November 2010, a production of ''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]'', adapted by [[Edward Einhorn]], premiered at the 3LD Art and Technology Center in Manhattan.<ref>{{cite news |first=Jason |last=Zinoman |title=A Test for Humanity in a Post-Apocalyptic World |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 3, 2010 |url=http://theater.nytimes.com/2010/12/04/theater/04android.html |access-date=December 28, 2010 |archive-date=March 25, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325122204/http://theater.nytimes.com/2010/12/04/theater/04android.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

A radio drama adaptation of Dick's short story "Mr. Spaceship" was aired by the Finnish Broadcasting Company (Yleisradio) in 1996 under the name ''Menolippu Paratiisiin''. Radio dramatizations of Dick's short stories ''Colony'' and ''The Defenders''<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/28767|title=The Defenders|via=Project Gutenberg|access-date=August 28, 2020|archive-date=August 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809021825/http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/28767|url-status=live}}</ref> were aired by [[NBC]] in 1956 as part of the series ''[[X Minus One]]''.{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}

In January 2006, a theatre adaptation of ''The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch'' (English for {{lang|pl|Trzy stygmaty Palmera Eldritcha}}) premiered in Stary Teatr in [[Kraków]], with an extensive use of lights and laser choreography.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyklopediateatru.pl/przedstawienie/38116/trzy-stygmaty-palmera-eldritcha|title=Przedstawienie Trzy stygmaty Palmera Eldritcha|publisher=encyklopediateatru.pl|access-date=October 10, 2016|archive-date=October 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011060953/http://www.encyklopediateatru.pl/przedstawienie/38116/trzy-stygmaty-palmera-eldritcha|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://krakow.wyborcza.pl/krakow/1,35796,3115115.html?disableRedirects=true|title=Trzy stygmaty Palmera Eldritcha – Stary Teatr|work=Gazeta Wyborcza|access-date=October 10, 2016|archive-date=September 14, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914041134/http://krakow.wyborcza.pl/krakow/1,35796,3115115.html?disableRedirects=true|url-status=live}}</ref>

In June 2014, the BBC broadcast a two-part adaptation of ''Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?'' on [[BBC Radio 4]], starring [[James Purefoy]] as Rick Deckard.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b046j873|title=Episode 1, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, Dangerous Visions – BBC Radio 4|access-date=September 20, 2018|archive-date=October 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013235553/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b046j873|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Comics====
[[Marvel Comics]] adapted Dick's short story "[[The Electric Ant]]" as a [[Limited series (comics)|limited series]] which was released in 2009. The comic was produced by writer [[David W. Mack|David Mack]] (''[[Daredevil (Marvel Comics series)|Daredevil]]'') and artist Pascal Alixe (''[[Ultimate X-Men]]''), with covers provided by artist [[Paul Pope]].<ref>{{cite web|title=MARVEL BRINGS PHILIP K DICK'S ELECTRIC ANT TO LIFE IN NEW SERIES |publisher=philipkdick.com |date=July 24, 2008 |url=http://www.philipkdick.com/media_pr-072408.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812121407/http://philipkdick.com/media_pr-072408.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012 }}</ref> "[[The Electric Ant]]" had earlier been loosely adapted by Frank Miller and Geof Darrow in their 3-issue mini-series ''[[Hard Boiled (comics)|Hard Boiled]]'' published by [[Dark Horse Comics]] in 1990–1992.<ref>[https://www.ign.com/articles/2008/07/25/sdcc-08-philip-k-dick-comes-to-marvel SDCC 08: PHILIP K. DICK COMES TO MARVEL] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201015131904/https://www.ign.com/articles/2008/07/25/sdcc-08-philip-k-dick-comes-to-marvel |date=October 15, 2020 }} www.ign.com</ref>

In 2009, BOOM! Studios started publishing a 24-issue miniseries comic book adaptation of ''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]''<ref>[http://philipkdick.com/media_pr-040709.html Philip K. Dick Press Release – BOOM! ANNOUNCES DO ANDROIDS DREAM OF ELECTRIC SHEEP?] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120920112820/http://philipkdick.com/media_pr-040709.html |date=September 20, 2012 }}</ref> ''[[Blade Runner]]'', the 1982 film adapted from ''Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?'', had previously been adapted to comics as ''[[A Marvel Comics Super Special: Blade Runner]]''.<ref>{{cite web|first= Alex|last= Carnevale|title= Blade Runner Started, And Ended, As A Comic Book|url=http://io9.gizmodo.com/5059235/blade-runner-started-and-ended-as-a-comic-book|publisher=[[io9]]|date=October 6, 2008|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160613235526/https://io9.gizmodo.com/5059235/blade-runner-started-and-ended-as-a-comic-book|archive-date= June 13, 2016|url-status= live|df= mdy-all|access-date=July 15, 2017}}</ref>

In 2011, Dynamite Entertainment published a four-issue miniseries ''Total Recall'', a sequel to the 1990 film ''[[Total Recall (1990 film)|Total Recall]]'', inspired by Philip K. Dick's short story "[[We Can Remember It for You Wholesale]]".<ref>[http://www.dynamite.com/htmlfiles/viewProduct.html?PRO=C725130167316 TOTAL RECALL #1 (OF 4)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912052916/http://www.dynamite.com/htmlfiles/viewProduct.html?PRO=C725130167316 |date=September 12, 2014 }} www.dynamite.com</ref> In 1990, [[DC Comics]] published the official adaptation of the original film as a ''DC Movie Special: Total Recall''.<ref>[http://www.comicvine.com/total-recall-1/4000-271271/ Total Recall #1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904011036/http://www.comicvine.com/total-recall-1/4000-271271/ |date=September 4, 2015 }} www.comicvine.com</ref>