Editing Personal jurisdiction (section)

===Relationship to venue===
[[Venue (law)|Venue]] and personal jurisdiction are closely related for practical purposes. A [[lawyer]] should usually perform joint analysis of personal jurisdiction and venue issues. Personal jurisdiction is largely a constitutional requirement, though also shaped by state long-arm statutes and Rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, while venue is purely statutory.

It is possible for either venue or personal jurisdiction to preclude a court from hearing a case. Consider these examples:

* ''Personal jurisdiction is the limiting factor''. In ''[[World-Wide Volkswagen Corp. v. Woodson]]'',<ref name=Volkswagen/> the plaintiffs sued, in an [[Oklahoma]] state court, an automobile dealership based in [[New York (state)|New York]] for damages from an [[explosion]] that occurred on June 11, 1977, as the plaintiffs drove the [[car]] through Oklahoma. Had the plaintiffs sued in U.S. federal court sited in Oklahoma, personal jurisdiction against the dealership would have been unavailable, as the dealership did not have minimum contacts with the forum state. Venue, however, would have been proper under {{usc|28|1391}}, the general federal venue statute, because Oklahoma was a state ''in which a substantial part of the events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred''. However, the United States Supreme Court found that the defendants (World-Wide Volkswagen Corp.) did not have the minimum contacts with Oklahoma necessary to create personal jurisdiction there. [World-Wide Volkswagen was one of the "defendants"; the case cited is WWV Corp (original defendant) v. Woodson (the Oklahoma state judge) ]
* ''Venue is the limiting factor''. Suppose Dale resides in California. Peter from [[Nevada]] wants to sue Dale for battery which Dale committed against Peter in California. Peter knows Dale is going to a week-long conference in [[South Carolina]]. Peter realizes that Dale would settle a suit that would take place in South Carolina, because it would be too expensive to defend. So, during Dale's trip, Peter serves Dale with process for an action filed in South Carolina federal court. The federal court has personal jurisdiction, based on Dale's presence in South Carolina at the time process was served (transient service of process). However, venue is improper under § 1391.