Editing Ottoman military reforms (section)

=== Introduction of advisors ===
{{further|Franco-Ottoman alliance}}
Western military advisors were imported as advisors but their abilities to enact change were limited.  A parade of [[France|French]] officers were brought in, and none of them could do a great deal.  One example of an advisor who achieved limited success was the [[François Baron de Tott]], a French officer.  He did succeed in having a new foundry built to make artillery. He also directed the construction of a new naval base.  However it was almost impossible for him to divert soldiers from the regular army into the new units. The new ships and guns that made it into service were too few to have much of an influence on the Ottoman army and de Tott returned home. He was succeeded by a Scot known as [[Ingiliz Mustafa]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Publications de la Société d'histoire turque IV. sér |date=1944 |page=50 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u_jepX2dicUC&q=ingiliz+mustafa+1775 |access-date=17 November 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Deniz mektepleri tarihcʹesi: kitap. 1928-1939 |date=1941 |publisher=Deniz Matbaası |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XyYZAAAAIAAJ&q=ingiliz+mustafa+1775 |access-date=17 November 2022}}</ref>

When they had requested French help, General Bonaparte was to be sent to [[Constantinople]] in 1795 to help organize Ottoman artillery. He did not go, for just days before he was to embark for the Near East he proved himself useful to the [[French Directory|Directory]] by putting down a Parisian mob in the ''[[whiff of grapeshot]]'' and was kept in France.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Q8pwY3oyi_sC&pg=PA29 ''Memoirs of Napoleon Bonaparte'' p.29]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=EKHSAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA4 ''History of Napoleon, Emperor of the French, King of Italy, etc.'' by John Jacob Lehmanowsky p.4]</ref>