Editing Organized crime (section)

====Murder====
[[Murder]] has evolved from the honor and vengeance killings of the [[yakuza]] or [[Sicilian mafia]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Gambetta|title=The Sicilian Mafia: the business of private protection|date=1996|publisher=Harvard University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y3bv3tqWftYC&q=The+Sicilian+Mafia:+the+business+of+private+protection|isbn=9780674807426}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Cottino|first=Amedeo|title=Sicilian cultures of violence: The interconnections between organized crime and local society|journal=Crime, Law and Social Change|date=1 January 1999|volume=32|issue=2|pages=103–113|doi=10.1023/A:1008389424861 | issn = 0925-4994 |s2cid=141221639}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Zuckerman|title=Vengeance is mine: Jimmy "the Weasel" Fratianno tells how he brought the kiss of death to the Mafia|date=1987|publisher=Macmillan|url=http://www.getcited.org/pub/102608708|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118164823/http://www.getcited.org/pub/102608708|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-11-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Radinsky |first1=M |title=Retaliation: The Genesis of a Law and the Evolution toward International Cooperation: An Application of Game Theory to Modern International Conflicts |journal=George Mason Law Review (Student Edition) |date=1994 |volume=2 |issue=53 |url= http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?collection=journals&handle=hein.journals/gmulr2&div=8&id=&page= | issn = }}</ref> which placed large physical and symbolic importance on the act of murder, its purposes and consequences,<ref>{{cite book |last=Salter|first=F|title=Risky transactions: trust, kinship, and ethnicity|date=2002|publisher=Berghahn Books|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PwdegV06vuwC&q=mafia+vengeance|isbn=9781571817105}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Roots|first=R.|title=Mafia Brotherhoods: Organized Crime, Italian Style|journal=Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews|date=1 January 2005|volume=34|issue=1|pages=67–68|doi=10.1177/009430610503400145|s2cid=197655787 | issn = 0094-3061}}</ref> to a much less discriminate form of expressing power, enforcing criminal authority, achieving retribution or eliminating competition. The role of the [[hit man]] has been generally consistent throughout the history of organized crime, whether that be due to the efficiency or expediency of hiring a professional assassin or the need to distance oneself from the commission of murderous acts (making it harder to prove criminal culpability). This may include the assassination of notable figures (public, private or criminal), once again dependent on authority, retribution or competition. Revenge killings, armed robberies, violent disputes over controlled territories and offenses against members of the public must also be considered when looking at the dynamic between different criminal organizations and their (at times) conflicting needs. After killing their victims, the gangsters often try to destroy evidence by getting rid of the victims remains in such a way as to prevent, hinder, or delay the discovery of the body, to prevent identification of the body, or to prevent autopsy. The different ways that organized criminals have been known to [[Disposal of human corpses#Criminal disposal|dispose of dead bodies]] include but are not limited to hiding the bodies in trash or landfills, feeding the bodies to animals (such as [[pig]]s or [[rat]]s),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ponti |first=Crystal |title=Horrible Ways People Have Used Animals to Commit Murders |url=https://www.aetv.com/real-crime/when-people-use-animals-to-murder |access-date=2023-03-02 |website=A&E |language=en}}</ref> destruction by industrial process (such as machinery, chemical bath, molten metal or a junked car), injection into the legitimate body disposal system (such as morgues, funeral homes, cemeteries, crematoriums, funeral pyres or cadaver donations) or covert killings at health care facilities, disguising as animal flesh (such as food waste or restaurant food), creating false evidence of the circumstances of death and letting investigators dispose of the body, possibly obscuring identity, abandonment in a remote area where the body can degrade significantly, while exposure to elements (such as rain, wind, heat, etc.) as well as animal activity (such as consumption by [[scavenger]]s) can contaminate the [[crime scene]] or destroy evidence before being discovered, if ever, such as a wilderness area (such as national parks or nature reserves)<ref>{{Cite news |date=1973-02-05 |title=Mob Favors Pinelands for Burials |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/02/05/archives/mob-favors-pinelands-for-burials.html |access-date=2023-03-02 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> or an abandoned area (such as an abandoned building, well or mine). However, there are also many instances of gangsters putting the bodies of their victims on display as a form of [[psychological warfare]] against their enemies.