Editing Non-governmental organization (section)

=== Monitoring and control ===
In a March 2000 report on United Nations reform priorities, former UN Secretary-General [[Kofi Annan]] favored international humanitarian intervention as the [[responsibility to protect]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/about/bgresponsibility.shtml |title=Background Information on the Responsibility to Protect — Outreach Programme on the Rwanda Genocide and the United Nations |publisher=Un.org |access-date=24 December 2013}}</ref> citizens from ethnic cleansing, genocide, and crimes against humanity. After that report, the Canadian government launched its Responsibility to Protect (R2P)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://responsibilitytoprotect.org/ |title=International Coalition for the Responsibility to Protect (ICRtoP) |publisher=Responsibilitytoprotect.org |access-date=24 December 2013 |archive-date=13 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513143738/http://responsibilitytoprotect.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> project outlining the issue of humanitarian intervention. The R2P project has wide applications, and among its more controversial has been the Canadian government's use of R2P to justify its intervention in the coup in Haiti.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Engler |first1=Fenton |last2=Yves |first2=Anthony |title=Canada in Haiti: Waging War on the Poor Majority |year=2005 |publisher=RED Publishing |location=Vancouver, Winnipeg |isbn=978-1-55266-168-0 |page=120 |url=http://www.fernwoodpublishing.ca/Canada-in-Haiti-Yves-Engler-Anthony-Fenton/ |access-date=30 October 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006154741/http://www.fernwoodpublishing.ca/Canada-in-Haiti-Yves-Engler-Anthony-Fenton/ |archive-date=6 October 2011 }}</ref>

Large corporations have increased their [[corporate social responsibility]] departments to preempt NGO campaigns against corporate practices. Collaboration between corporations and NGOs risks [[co-option]] of the weaker partner, typically the NGO.<ref>{{cite journal |year=2012 |title=Corporations and NGOs: When Accountability Leads to Co-optation |journal=Journal of Business Ethics |volume=106 |issue=1 |pages=9–21 |doi=10.1007/s10551-011-1057-9|last1=Baur |first1=Dorothea |last2=Schmitz |first2=Hans Peter |s2cid=154450479 |url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/312987/files/10551_2011_Article_1057.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331191528/http://doc.rero.ch/record/312987/files/10551_2011_Article_1057.pdf |archive-date=2019-03-31 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In December 2007, [[Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs]] [[S. Ward Casscells]] established an International Health Division of Force Health Protection & Readiness.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ha.osd.mil/FHPR/default.cfm |title=Force Health Protection & Readiness - December 08, 2006 |access-date=1 March 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061208135444/http://www.ha.osd.mil/fhpr/default.cfm |archive-date=8 December 2006 }}</ref> Part of International Health's mission is to communicate with NGOs about areas of mutual interest. Department of Defense Directive 3000.05,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/300005p.pdf |title=Department of Defense Directive 3000.05 |publisher=United States Department of Defense |date=16 September 2009 |access-date=24 December 2013 |archive-date=15 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101015160448/http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/300005p.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> in 2005, required the US Defense Department to regard stability-enhancing activities as equally important as combat. In compliance with [[Geneva Conventions|international law]], the department has developed a capacity to improve essential services in areas of conflict (such as [[Iraq]]) where customary lead agencies like the [[United States Department of State|State Department]] and USAID have difficulty operating. International Health cultivates collaborative, arm's-length relationships with NGOs, recognizing their independence, expertise, and honest-broker status.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}