Editing New Model Army (section)

===Second English Civil War===

The army remained under control and intact, so it was able to take the field when the [[Second English Civil War]] broke out in July 1648. The New Model Army routed English royalist insurrections in [[Surrey]] and [[Kent]], and in [[Wales]], before crushing a Scottish invasion force at the [[Battle of Preston (1648)|Battle of Preston]] in August.{{sfnp|Chisholm|1911}}

Many of the Army's radicals now called for the execution of the King, whom they called "[[Charles Stuart, that man of blood]]". The majority of the Grandees realised that they could neither negotiate a settlement with Charles I, nor trust him to refrain from raising another army to attack them, so they came reluctantly to the same conclusion as the radicals: they would have to execute him. After the Long Parliament rejected the Army's ''Remonstrance''{{efn|Full title: "Remonstrance of his Excellency Thomas Lord Fairfax, Lord Generall of the Parliaments Forces. And of the Generall Councell of Officers Held at St. Albans the 16. of November, 1648"}} by 125 to 58, the Grandees decided to reconstitute Parliament so that it would agree with the Army's position. On 6 December 1648, Colonel [[Thomas Pride]] instituted [[Pride's Purge]] and forcibly removed from the House of Commons all those who were not supporters of the [[Independent (religion)|religious independents]] and the Grandees in the Army. The much-reduced [[Rump Parliament]] passed the necessary legislation to try Charles I. He was found guilty of high treason by the [[List of regicides of Charles I|59 Commissioners]] and [[Decapitation|beheaded]] on 30 January 1649.{{sfn|Hibbert|1968|p=280}}

During 1649, there were three mutinies over pay and political demands. The first involved 300 infantrymen of Colonel [[John Hewson (regicide)|John Hewson]]'s regiment, who declared that they would not serve in Ireland until the Levellers' programme had been realised. They were cashiered without arrears of pay, which was the threat that had been used to quell the mutiny at the Corkbush Field rendezvous.{{sfn|Wallace|2013|p=105}}

In the [[Bishopsgate mutiny]], soldiers of the regiment of Colonel [[Edward Whalley]] stationed in [[Bishopsgate]], in London, made demands similar to those of Hewson's regiment. They were ordered out of London.{{sfn|Wallace|2013|p=105}}

Less than two weeks later, there was a larger mutiny involving several regiments over pay and political demands. After the resolution of the pay issue, the [[Banbury mutiny|Banbury mutineers]], consisting of 400 soldiers with Leveller sympathies under the command of Captain [[William Thompson (leveller)|William Thompson]], continued to negotiate for their political demands. They set out for [[Salisbury]] in the hope of rallying support from the regiments billeted there. Cromwell launched a night attack on 13 May, in which several mutineers perished, but Captain Thompson escaped, only to be killed in another skirmish near the [[Diggers]] community at [[Wellingborough]]. The rest were imprisoned in [[Burford]] Church until three were shot in the Churchyard on 17 May.{{sfn|Manganiello|2004|p=83}}

====Regiments added before or during the Second Civil War====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Type
! Colonel
! Origin
! Notes
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| Horse
| [[John Lambert (general)|John Lambert]]'s Regiment
| Army of the Northern Association
| Raised in 1645. Originally commanded by [[Sydnam Poyntz]]. Taken over by Lambert in July 1647.{{sfn|Rogers|1968|p=270}}
|-
| style="text-align-center;"| Horse
| [[Robert Lilburne]]'s Regiment
| Army of the Northern Association
| Raised in Durham in 1644{{sfn|Rogers|1968|p=271}}
|-
| style="text-align-center;"| Horse
| unknown
| Army of the Northern Association
| Raised in Nottinghamshire in 1642{{sfn|Rogers|1968|p=271}}
|-
| style="text-align-center;"| Foot
| Charles Fairfax's Regiment
| Newly raised
| Raised in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the spring of 1648{{sfn|Rogers|1968|p=271}}
|-
| style="text-align-center;"| Foot
| Colonel Bright's Regiment
| Army of the Northern Association
| Raised in Yorkshire in 1643{{sfn|Rogers|1968|p=271}}
|-
| style="text-align-center;"| Foot
| Colonel Maleverer's Regiment
| Army of the Northern Association{{sfn|Rogers|1968|p=271}}
|
|-
| style="text-align-center;"| Foot
| Colonel Tichborne's Regiment
| Newly raised
| Originally raised to garrison the [[Tower of London]]. Establishment increased to field regiment 15 April 1648 and Tichborne replaced by Colonel Needham{{sfn|Rogers|1968|p=271}}
|}