Editing Moscow Metro (section)

=== Later Soviet stations ===

==== "Fifth stage" set of stations ====
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = horizontal
| image1            = MosMetro KomsomolskayaKL img2 asv2018-01.jpg
| caption1          = [[Komsomolskaya (Koltsevaya Line)|Komsomolskaya]] station (1952), [[Koltsevaya Line|Line 5]]
| width1            = 234
| image2            = Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_(img2).jpg
| caption2          = [[Sportivnaya (Moscow Metro)|Sportivnaya]] station (1957), Line 1 (with a "retro train")
| width2            = 234
| footer            = 
}}
The beginning of the [[Cold War]] led to the construction of a deep section of the [[Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line]]. The stations on this line were planned as shelters in the event of nuclear war. After finishing the line in 1953 the upper tracks between [[Ploshchad Revolyutsii]] and [[Kiyevskaya (Filyovskaya)|Kiyevskaya]] were closed, and later reopened in 1958 as a part of the [[Filyovskaya Line]]. The stations, too, were supplied with tight gates and life-sustenance systems to function as proper nuclear shelters.

In the further development of the Metro the term "stages" was not used any more, although sometimes the stations opened in 1957–1959 are referred to as the "fifth stage".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Moscow Metropolitan - Страницы из метростроевской летописи и планы метростроения |url=https://news.metro.ru/letopis.html |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=news.metro.ru}}</ref>
{{Clear}}

==== Nikita Khrushchev's era of cost cutting ====
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = horizontal
| image1            = Metro MSK Line1 Universitet.jpg
| caption1          = [[Universitet (Moscow Metro)|Universitet]] (1959), Line 1
| width1            = 200
| image2            = Len Prosp Antares 02.jpg
| caption2          = [[Leninsky Prospekt (Moscow Metro)|Leninsky Prospekt]] (1962), [[Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line|Line 6]]
| width2           = 200
| image3            = Molodezhnaya-mm.jpg
| caption3          = [[Molodyozhnaya (Moscow Metro)|Molodyozhnaya]] (1965), Line 3
| width3            = 200
| image4            = Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg
| caption4          = [[Polezhayevskaya]] (1972), [[Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line|Line 7]]. As of January 2022, the variegated walls are preserved "as is"
| width4            = 200
| footer            = 
}}

During the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s, the architectural extravagance of new Metro stations was decisively rejected on the orders of [[Nikita Khrushchev]]. He had a preference for a utilitarian "minimalism"-like approach to design, similar to [[Brutalist architecture|Brutalism style]]. The idea behind the rejection was similar to one used to create [[Khrushchyovka]]s: cheap yet easily mass-produced buildings. Stations of his era, as well as most 1970s stations, were simple in design and style, with walls covered with identical square ceramic tiles. Even decorations at the Metro stations almost finished at the time of the ban (such as [[VDNKh (Metro)|VDNKh]] and [[Alexeyevskaya (Metro)|Alexeyevskaya]]) got their final decors simplified: VDNKh's arcs/portals, for example, got plain green paint to contrast with well-detailed decorations and pannos around them.

A typical layout of the cheap shallow-dug metro station (which quickly became known as ''Sorokonozhka'' – "centipede", from early designs with 40 concrete columns in two rows) was developed for all new stations, and the stations were built to look almost identical, differing from each other only in colours of the marble and ceramic tiles. Most stations were built with simpler, cheap technology; this resulted in [[utilitarian design]] being flawed in some ways. Some stations such as adjacent [[Rechnoy Vokzal (Moscow Metro)|Rechnoi Vokzal]] and [[Vodny Stadion (Moscow Metro)|Vodny Stadion]] or sequiential [[Leninsky Prospekt (Moscow Metro)|Leninsky Prospect]], [[Akademicheskaya (Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line)|Akadmicheskaya]], [[Profsoyuznaya (Moscow Metro)|Profsoyuznaya]] and [[Novye Cheryomushki (Moscow Metro)|Novye Cheryomushki]] would have a similar look due to the extensive use of same-sized white or off-white ceramic tiles with hard-to-feel differences.

Walls with cheap ceramic tiles were susceptible to train-related vibration: some tiles would eventually fall off and break. It was not always possible to replace the missing tiles with the ones of the exact color and tone, which eventually led to [[wikt:variegated|variegated]] parts of the walls.

==== Metro stations of late USSR ====
{{multiple image
| align             = left
| direction         = horizontal
| image1            = Авиамоторная 02.jpg
| caption1          = [[Aviamotornaya (Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line)|Aviamotornaya]] (1979), [[Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line|Line 8]]
| width1           = 200
| image2            = Метро Нахимовский проспект 01.jpg
| caption2          = [[Nakhimovsky Prospekt (Moscow Metro)|Nakhimovsky Prospekt]] (1983), [[Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line|Line 9]]
| width2            = 200
| image3            = Mendeleyevskaya 07.JPG
| caption3          = [[Mendeleyevskaya]] (1988), Line 9.
| width3            = 200
| footer            = 
}}
The contrasting style gap between the powerfully decorated stations of Moscow's center and the spartan-looking stations of the 1960s was eventually filled. In the mid-1970s the architectural extravagance was partially restored. However, the newer design of shallow "centipede" stations (now with 26 columns, more widely spaced) continued to dominate. For example, [[Kaluzhskaya (Moscow Metro)|Kaluzhskaya]] "centipede" station from 1974 (adjacent to ''Novye Cheryomushki'' station) features non-flat tiles (with 3D effect utilized), and [[Medvedkovo (Moscow Metro)|Medvedkovo]] from 1978 features complex decorations.

1971 station [[Kitay-gorod (Moscow Metro)|Kitay-Gorod]] ("Ploshchad Nogina" at the time) features [[cross-platform interchange]] (Line 6 and line 7). Although built without "centipede" design or cheap ceramic tiles, the station utilizes near-[[grayscale]] selection of colors. It is to note the "southbound" and "northbound" halls of the station have identical look.

[[Babushkinskaya]] station from 1978 is a no-column station (similar to [[Biblioteka Imeni Lenina]] from 1935). 1983 [[Chertanovskaya]] station has resemblance to [[Kropotkinskaya]] (from 1935). Some stations, such as the deep-dug [[Shabolovskaya]] (1980), have the near-tunnel walls decorated with metal sheets, not tiles. [[Tyoply Stan (Moscow Metro)|Tyoply Stan]] features a theme related to the name and the location of the station ("Tyoply Stan" used to literally mean ''warm area''): its walls are covered in brick-colored ribbed panes, which look like [[Radiator (heating)|radiators]]).

Downtown area got such stations as [[Borovitskaya (Moscow Metro)|Borovitskaya]] (1986), with uncovered red bricks and gray, concrete-like colors accompanying a single gold-plated decorative pane known as "Tree of peoples' of USSR" or additional station hall for [[Tretyakovskaya (Moscow Metro)|Tretyakovskaya]] to house [[cross-platform interchange]] system between line 6 and line 8. To this day, Tretyakovskaya metro station consists of two contrasting halls: [[brutalism|brutalistic]] 1971 hall and custom design hall from 1986 reminiscent of [[Tretyakov Gallery|Tretyakovskaya Galereya]] museum located within walking distance.

{{Clear}}