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====Origin==== The controversy surrounding the safety of MSG started with the publication of Robert Ho Man Kwok's correspondence letter titled "Chinese-Restaurant Syndrome" in the ''[[New England Journal of Medicine]]'' on 4 April 1968.<ref name=lem-up>{{cite journal |last1=LeMesurier |first1=Jennifer L. |title=Uptaking Race: Genre, MSG, and Chinese Dinner |journal=Poroi |date=8 February 2017 |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=1–23 |doi=10.13008/2151-2957.1253|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=colgate>{{cite web |last= Blanding |first=Michael |title=The Strange Case of Dr. Ho Man Kwok |website=Colgate Magazine |date=17 January 2020 |url=https://news.colgate.edu/magazine/2019/02/06/the-strange-case-of-dr-ho-man-kwok/ |access-date=6 January 2020}}</ref> In his letter, Kwok suggested several possible causes before he nominated MSG for his symptoms.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kwok |first1=Robert Ho Man |title=Chinese-Restaurant Syndrome |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=4 April 1968 |volume=278 |issue=14 |page=796 |doi=10.1056/NEJM196804042781419|pmid=25276867 }}</ref><ref name="freeman">{{cite journal| author = Freeman, Matthew | title = Reconsidering the effects of monosodium glutamate: A literature review| journal = Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners| volume = 18| pages = 482–486| year = 2006| doi = 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2006.00160.x| pmid=16999713| issue = 10| s2cid = 21084909}}</ref> This letter was initially met with insider satirical responses, often using [[Ethnic joke|race as prop for humorous effect]], within the medical community.<ref name=lem-up/> As the media picked up the conversations, they were treated as legitimate, but the racial motivations behind the humor were ignored—reinforcing old racial stereotypes. <ref name=lem-up/> Despite the resulting public backlash, the [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) did not remove MSG from their Generally Recognized as Safe list.<ref name=aok/> In 1970, a National Research Council under the [[National Academy of Sciences]], on behalf of the FDA, investigated MSG but concluded that MSG was safe for consumption.<ref name=aok/>
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