Editing Mishnah (section)

===Oral traditions and pronunciation===
The Mishnah was and still is traditionally studied through [[recitation]] (out loud). Jewish communities around the world preserved local melodies for chanting the Mishnah, and distinctive ways of pronouncing its words.

Many medieval manuscripts of the Mishnah are vowelized, and some of these, especially some fragments found in the [[Cairo Geniza|Genizah]], are partially annotated with [[Tiberian vocalization|Tiberian]] [[Hebrew cantillation|cantillation]] marks.<ref>{{cite book |first=Israel |last=Yeivin |title=Cantillation of the Oral Law |publisher=Leshonenu 24 |year=1960 |pages=47–231 |language=he}}</ref>

Today, many communities have a special tune for the Mishnaic passage "Bammeh madliqin" in the [[Kabbalat Shabbat|Friday night service]]; there may also be tunes for Mishnaic passages in other parts of the liturgy, such as the passages in the daily prayers relating to sacrifices and incense and the paragraphs recited at the end of the [[Musaf]] service on [[Shabbat]]. Otherwise, there is often a customary intonation used in the study of Mishnah or Talmud, somewhat similar to an Arabic [[mawwal]], but this is not reduced to a precise system like that for the Biblical books. (In some traditions this intonation is the same as or similar to that used for the [[Passover]] [[Haggadah]].) Recordings have been made for Israeli national archives, and Frank Alvarez-Pereyre has published a book-length study of the Syrian tradition of Mishnah reading on the basis of these recordings.

Most vowelized editions of the Mishnah today reflect standard [[Ashkenazi Jews|Ashkenazic]] vowelization, and often contain mistakes. The Albeck edition of the Mishnah was vocalized by [[Hanoch Yelon]], who made careful eclectic use of both medieval manuscripts and current oral traditions of pronunciation from Jewish communities all over the world. The Albeck edition includes an introduction by Yelon detailing his eclectic method.

Two institutes at the [[Hebrew University]] in Jerusalem have collected major oral archives which hold extensive recordings of Jews chanting the Mishnah using a variety of melodies and many different kinds of pronunciation.<ref>[[Shelomo Morag]], ''The Samaritan and Yemenite Tradition of Hebrew'' (published in: ''The Traditions of Hebrew and Aramaic of the Jews of Yemen''; ed. Yosef Tobi), Tel Aviv 2001, p. 183 (note 12)</ref> These institutes are the Jewish Oral Traditions Research Center and the National Voice Archives (the ''Phonoteca'' at the Jewish National and University Library). See below for external links.
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