Editing Mifepristone (section)

===1980–1987===
In April 1980, as part of a formal research project at the French pharmaceutical company [[Roussel-Uclaf]] for the development of glucocorticoid receptor antagonists, endocrinologist [[Étienne-Émile Baulieu]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pC1pZDcibsUC&q=%C3%89tienne-%C3%89mile+Baulieu+mifepristone|title=The "abortion Pill": RU-486, a Woman's Choice|isbn=978-0-671-73816-7|vauthors=Baulieu EE, Rosenblum M|year=1991|publisher=Simon & Schuster |access-date=20 February 2022|archive-date=29 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629032703/https://books.google.com/books?id=pC1pZDcibsUC&q=%C3%89tienne-%C3%89mile+Baulieu+mifepristone|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=RuJwDwAAQBAJ&dq=%C3%89tienne-%C3%89mile+Baulieu+mifepristone&pg=PA148|title = Reproductive Medicine for Clinical Practice: Medical and Surgical Aspects|isbn = 978-3-319-78009-2|vauthors = Schenker JG, Sciarra JJ, Mettler L, Genazzani AR, Birkhaeuser M|date = 29 September 2018| publisher=Springer |access-date = 4 March 2022|archive-date = 29 June 2022|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220629032703/https://books.google.com/books?id=RuJwDwAAQBAJ&dq=%C3%89tienne-%C3%89mile+Baulieu+mifepristone&pg=PA148|url-status = live}}</ref> and chemist Georges Teutsch synthesized mifepristone (RU-38486, the 38,486th compound synthesized by Roussel-Uclaf from 1949 to 1980; shortened to RU-486), which was discovered to also be a progesterone receptor antagonist.<ref name="RU-486">{{cite book | vauthors = Baulieu ÉÉ, Rosenblum M |year=1991 |title=The "abortion pill": RU-486, a woman's choice |location=New York |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-0-671-73816-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/abortionpillru00baul }}<br />{{cite book | vauthors = Lader L |year=1991 |title=RU 486: the pill that could end the abortion wars and why American women don't have it |location=Reading |publisher=Addison-Wesley |isbn=978-0-201-57069-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/ru486pillthatcou00lade }}<br />{{cite book| vauthors = Villaran G |chapter=RU 486 |pages=155–190 | veditors = Schlegelmilch, Bodo B |year=1998 |title=Marketing ethics: an international perspective |location=London |publisher=Thomson Learning |isbn=978-1-86152-191-0}}<br />{{cite journal | vauthors = Ulmann A | title = The development of mifepristone: a pharmaceutical drama in three acts | journal = Journal of the American Medical Women's Association | volume = 55 | issue = 3 Suppl | pages = 117–20 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10846319 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Teutsch G | title = RU 486 development | journal = Science | volume = 246 | issue = 4933 | pages = 985 | date = November 1989 | pmid = 2587990 | doi = 10.1126/science.2587990 | s2cid = 41144964 }}<br />{{cite journal | vauthors = Cherfas J | title = Dispute surfaces over paternity of RU 486 | journal = Science | volume = 246 | issue = 4933 | pages = 994 | date = November 1989 | pmid = 2587988 | doi = 10.1126/science.2587988 | bibcode = 1989Sci...246..994C }}<br />{{cite journal | vauthors = Philibert D, Teutsch G | title = RU 486 development | journal = Science | volume = 247 | issue = 4943 | pages = 622 | date = February 1990 | pmid = 2300819 | doi = 10.1126/science.2300819 | bibcode = 1990Sci...247..622P }}<br />{{cite magazine|doi=10.1038/scientificamerican0690-42 | vauthors = Ulmann A, Teutsch G, Philibert D |date=June 1990 |title=RU 486 |magazine=Scientific American|volume=262 |issue=6 |pages=42–8 |pmid=2343294}}<br />{{cite book | vauthors = Teutsch G, Deraedt R, Philibert D |year=1993 |chapter=Mifepristone |pages=[https://archive.org/details/chroniclesofdrug0000unse/page/1 1–43] | veditors = Lednicer D |title=Chronicles of drug discovery, Vol. 3 |location=Washington, DC |publisher=American Chemical Society |isbn=978-0-8412-2523-7 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/chroniclesofdrug0000unse/page/1 }}<br />{{cite journal | vauthors = Teutsch G, Philibert D | title = History and perspectives of antiprogestins from the chemist's point of view | journal = Human Reproduction | volume = 9 | issue = Suppl 1 | pages = 12–31 | date = June 1994 | pmid = 7962457 | doi = 10.1093/humrep/9.suppl_1.12 }}<br />{{cite book |year=2007 |chapter=Mifepristone |pages=2307–2310 | veditors = Sittig M |title=Pharmaceutical manufacturing encyclopedia |edition=3rd |location=Norwich, NY |publisher=William Andrew Publishing |isbn=978-1-60119-339-1}}<br />{{cite patent|country = US | number=4386085 |gdate = 31 May 1983 |inventor = Teutsch JG, Costerousse G, Philibert D Deraedt R |title=Novel steroids | assign1 = Roussel Uclaf | postscript = . }}</ref> In October 1981, Étienne-Émile Baulieu, a consultant to Roussel-Uclaf, arranged tests of its use for medical abortion in 11 women in [[Switzerland]] by gynecologist Walter Herrmann at the [[University of Geneva]]'s Cantonal Hospital, with successful results announced on 19 April 1982.<ref name="RU-486" /><ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Eder R |date=20 April 1982 |title=Birth control: 4-day pill is promising in early test |newspaper=The New York Times |page=C1 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/04/20/science/birth-control-4-day-pill-is-promising-in-early-test.html?&pagewanted=all |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625131822/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/04/20/science/birth-control-4-day-pill-is-promising-in-early-test.html?&pagewanted=all |archive-date=25 June 2016 }}<br />{{cite journal | vauthors = Herrmann W, Wyss R, Riondel A, Philibert D, Teutsch G, Sakiz E, Baulieu EE | title = [The effects of an antiprogesterone steroid in women: interruption of the menstrual cycle and of early pregnancy] | journal = Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série III | volume = 294 | issue = 18 | pages = 933–8 | date = May 1982 | pmid = 6814714 }}</ref> On 9 October 1987, following worldwide clinical trials in 20,000 women of mifepristone with a [[prostaglandin]] analogue (initially [[sulprostone]] or [[gemeprost]], later [[misoprostol]]) for medical abortion, Roussel-Uclaf sought approval in France for their use for medical abortion, with approval announced on 23 September 1988.<ref name="RU-486" /><ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Kolata G |date=24 September 1988 |title=France and China allow sale of a drug for early abortion |newspaper=The New York Times |page=A1 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/24/us/france-and-china-allow-sale-of-a-drug-for-early-abortion.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901111410/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/24/us/france-and-china-allow-sale-of-a-drug-for-early-abortion.html |archive-date=1 September 2017 }}</ref>