Editing Max Weber (section)

===Value-freedom===
{{Main|Value-freedom}}

Weber believed that social scientists needed to avoid making value-judgements. Instead, he wanted social scientific research to be value-free.{{sfnm|1a1=Swedberg|1a2=Agevall|1y=2016|1p=364|2a1=Albrow|2y=1990|2p=234}} This would give them objectivity, but it needed to be combined with an acknowledgement that their research connected with values in different ways.{{sfnm|1a1=Swedberg|1a2=Agevall|1y=2016|1p=364|2a1=Kaesler|2y=1988|2pp=192–193|3a1=Albrow|3y=1990|3pp=243–244}} As part of his support for value-freedom, Weber opposed both instructors and students promoting their political views in the classroom.{{sfnm|1a1=Swedberg|1a2=Agevall|1y=2016|1p=364|2a1=Kaesler|2y=1988|2pp=192–193}} He first articulated it in his writings on scientific philosophy, including "The 'Objectivity' of Knowledge in Social Science and Social Policy" and "Science as a Vocation".{{sfnm|1a1=Swedberg|1a2=Agevall|1y=2016|1p=364|2a1=Kaesler|2y=1988|2pp=184–185}} Weber was influenced by [[Heinrich Rickert]]'s concept of value-relevance.{{sfnm|1a1=Albrow|1y=1990|1p=232|2a1=Kim|2y=2022|3a1=Swedberg|3a2=Agevall|3y=2016|3p=367}} Rickert used it to relate historical objects to values while maintaining objectivity through explicitly defined conceptual distinctions. However, Weber disagreed with the idea that a scholar could maintain objectivity while ascribing to a hierarchy of values in the way that Rickert did, however.{{sfnm|1a1=Albrow|1y=1990|1p=232|2a1=Kim|2y=2022}} His argument regarding value-freedom was connected to his involvement in the {{Lang|de|Werturteilsstreit}}.{{sfnm|1a1=Kaesler|1y=1988|1pp=185–189|2a1=Swedberg|2a2=Agevall|2y=2016|2p=365|3a1=Beiser|3y=2011|3pp=551–552}} As part of it, he argued in favour of the idea that the social sciences needed to be value-free.{{sfnm|1a1=Swedberg|1a2=Agevall|1y=2016|1p=365|2a1=Kaesler|2y=1988|2pp=184–187|3a1=Aldenhoff-Hübinger|3y=2004|3p=144}} During it, he unsuccessfully tried to turn the [[German Sociological Association]] into a value-free organisation.{{sfnm|1a1=Swedberg|1a2=Agevall|1y=2016|1p=365|2a1=Kaesler|2y=2014|2pp=654–655|3a1=Kaesler|3y=1988|3pp=188–189}} Ultimately, that prompted his resignation from it.{{sfnm|1a1=Kaesler|1y=2014|1pp=654–655|2a1=Turner|2y=2001b|2pp=16401–16402}}