Jump to content
Main menu
Main menu
move to sidebar
hide
Navigation
Main page
Recent changes
Random page
Help about MediaWiki
Special pages
Niidae Wiki
Search
Search
Appearance
Create account
Log in
Personal tools
Create account
Log in
Pages for logged out editors
learn more
Contributions
Talk
Editing
Malayalam literature
(section)
Page
Discussion
English
Read
Edit
View history
Tools
Tools
move to sidebar
hide
Actions
Read
Edit
View history
General
What links here
Related changes
Page information
Appearance
move to sidebar
hide
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
===Performance arts=== The 16th century also saw the writing of some dramatic works in ''Manipravalam'' and pure Malayalam, ''Bharatavakyam'', often described as a choral narration, is a work in ''Manipravalam'' which was used for stage performance. The main development in the cultural field in Kerala in the 17th century was the growth of a new form of visual art called [[Kathakali]], which brought into being a new genre of poetry called [[Aattakatha (performance)|Attakkatha]] consisting of the libretto used for a Kathakali performance. The origins of ''aattakatha'' literature dates back to the 12th century and it emerged as a literary genre in the 17th century. The earliest of the ''aattakathas'' is believed to be a cycle of eight ''[[Ramayana]]'' stories (collectively known as ''[[Ramanattam]]''), composed by Kottarakkara Tampuran and about whose date there is an ongoing controversy. Next in importance are the works of Kottayathu Tampuran whose period is about the middle of the seventeenth century. Since the four ''aattakatha''s he wrote ''Bakavadham, Kalyanasaugandhikam, [[Kirmeeravadham]]'' and ''Kalakeyavadham'' punctiliously conform to the strict rules of Kathakali, they are particularly favoured by orthodox artistes and their patrons. Another poet of this category is [[Irayimman Thampi]] (1783β1863). [[Unnayi Variyar]]'s ''[[Nalacharitham]] Aattakatha'' is one of the most famous works in this genre. ''[[Margamkali]]'' was the form of ritual and entertainment among the [[Saint Thomas Christians|Syrian Christians]] corresponding to the ''Sanghakali'' of the Brahmins. ''Margamkalippattu'' is the song for this performance depicting the story of [[Thomas the Apostle]]. This was one of the numerous pieces of Christian literature that must have gained currency in the 16th and 17th centuries.<ref name="mlm"/>[[File:Kathakali BNC.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Kathakali]]]] In the court of [[Travancore Kingdom|Travancore]] king [[Marthanda Varma]] (1706β1758) and his successor [[Dharma Raja|Dharma Raja Kartika Tirunal Rama Varma]], there flourished a number of poets distinguished in several ways. [[Ramapurathu Warrier]] (1703β1753), the author of ''Kuchela Vrittam Vanchippattu'', was one of them. The ''Vanchippattu'' or Boat song is a poetic form of folk origin composed entirely in the Dravidian metre ''nathonnata''. [[Kunchan Nambiar]] (1705β1770), the founder of [[Ottan thullal|Thullal]] and its rich literature, is often considered as the master of Malayalam satirist poetry. Born in [[Killikkurussimangalam]], he spent his boyhood at Kudamalur and youth at [[Ambalappuzha]]. 1748 he moved to the court of Marthanda Varma and later to the court of his successor Dharma Raja. The word "Thullal" literally means "dance", but under this name Nambiar devised a new style of verse narration with a little background music and dance-like swinging movement to wean the people away from the [[Chakkiyar Koothu]], which was the art form popular till then. He used pure Malayalam as opposed to the stylised and Sanskritised Malayalam language of Chakkiyar Koothu. He also adopted many elements from [[Padayani]] and [[Kolam Thullal]] and certain local folk arts. There are three kinds of Tullal distinguished on the basis of the performer's costume and the style of rendering, viz., ''Ottan, Sitankan'' and ''Parayan''. Dravidian metres are used throughout although there is a quatrain in a Sanskrit metre.<ref name="mlm"/>
Summary:
Please note that all contributions to Niidae Wiki may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here.
You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see
Encyclopedia:Copyrights
for details).
Do not submit copyrighted work without permission!
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
Search
Search
Editing
Malayalam literature
(section)
Add topic