Editing Maastricht (section)

== Demographics ==
{{Historical populations
|align       = right
|percentages = pagr
|source      = {{Harvnb|Lourens|Lucassen|1997|pp=32–33}} (1400–1795)<br />[[Statistics Netherlands]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Population dynamics; birth, death and migration per region
|url=https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/en/dataset/37259eng/table?ts=1742391441388|publisher=[[Statistics Netherlands]]}}</ref>
|1400|7000
|1500|10000
|1560|13500
|1600|12600
|1650|18000
|1740|12500
|1796|17963
|1818|20000
|1950|77710|1960|90202|1970|93927|1980|109285|1990|117008|2000|122070|2010|118533|2020|121575}}

=== Inhabitants by nationality ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Maastricht residents by nationality – Top 10 (2000–2021)
! Nationality || 2021 || 2014<ref name=Nationality2014>{{cite journal | title = Bevolking; geslacht, leeftijd, nationaliteit en regio, 1 januari ''(in Dutch)'' | publisher = Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek| journal = Bevolking; Geslacht, Leeftijd, Nationaliteit en Regio, 1 Januari | volume = 2014 | url = http://statline.cbs.nl/Statweb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=70634ned&D1=0&D2=0&D3=a&D4=462&D5=4,9,14,16,l&HDR=T,G1,G4&STB=G3,G2&VW=T | page =1 | date = 24 October 2014 | access-date = 3 February 2015 }}</ref> || 2010 || 2000
|-
|{{flagicon|NED}} [[Netherlands]] || 100,297 || 107,418 || 109,722 || 116,171
|-
|{{flagicon|GER}} [[Germany]] || 3,908 || 3,869 || 1,956 || 783
|-
|{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Italy]] || 1,572 || 653 || 387 || 280
|-
|{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Belgium]] || 1,475 || 1,055 || 946 || 909
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Spain]] || 913 || 431 || 232 || 241
|-
|{{flagicon|UK}} [[United Kingdom]] || 842 || 815 || 386 || 280
|-
|{{flagicon|PRC}} [[China]] || 739 || 595 || 248 || 87
|-
|{{flagicon|FRA}} [[France]] || 686 || 351 || 214 || 120
|-
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[United States]] || 665 || 623 || 277 || 162
|-
|{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Turkey]] || 436 || 404 || 368 || 404
|-
|}

=== Inhabitants by country of birth ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Maastricht residents by country of birth – Top 10 (2000–2020)
! Country of birth || 2020 || 2013<ref name=Countryofbirth2013>{{cite journal | title = Bevolking op 1 januari; leeftijd, geboorteland en regio ''(in Dutch)'' | publisher = Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek| journal = Bevolking Op 1 Januari; Leeftijd, Geboorteland en Regio | volume = 201w | url = http://statline.cbs.nl/Statweb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=70648ned&D1=0&D2=0&D3=a&D4=461&D5=4,14,l&HDR=T,G3&STB=G1,G2,G4&VW=T | page =1 | date = 17 July 2013 | access-date = 3 February 2015 }}</ref> || 2010 || 2000
|-
|{{flagicon|NED}} [[Netherlands]] || 93,162|| 100,269 || 102,433 || 109,632
|-
|{{flagicon|GER}} [[Germany]] || 3,949 || 4,100 || 2,467|| 1,444
|-
|{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Belgium]] || 2,355 || 1,920 || 1,839 || 1,900
|-
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[United States]] || 1,380 || 753 || 383 || 217
|-
|{{flagicon|IDN}} [[Indonesia]] || 1,020 || 1,199 || 1,267 || 1,556
|-
|{{flagicon|PRC}} [[China]] <small>(excl. Hong Kong and Macau)</small> || 1,019|| 651 || 373 || 215
|-
|{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Turkey]] || 973 || 919 || 836 || 784
|-
|{{flagicon|UK}} [[United Kingdom]] || 926 || 677 || 404 || 310
|-
|{{flagicon|MAR}} [[Morocco]] || 829 || 838 || 867 || 859
|-
|{{flagicon|POL}} [[Poland]] || 563 || 437 || 316 || 152
|-
|}

=== Languages ===
Maastricht is a city of linguistic diversity, partly as a result of its location at the crossroads of multiple language areas and its international student population.

* [[Dutch language|Dutch]] is the national language and the language of elementary and secondary education (excluding international institutions) as well as administration. Dutch in Maastricht is often spoken with a distinctive Limburgish [[Accent (dialect)|accent]], which should not be confused with the Limburgish language.
* [[Limburgish]] (or ''Limburgian'') is the overlapping term of the [[tonal languages|tonal]] dialects spoken in [[Limburg (Netherlands)|the Dutch]] and [[Limburg (Belgium)|the Belgian]] provinces of Limburg. The [[Maastrichtian dialect]] (''Mestreechs'') is only one of many variants of Limburgish. It is characterised by stretched [[vowel]]s and some French influence on its vocabulary. In recent years the Maastricht dialect has been in decline (see [[dialect levelling]]) and a language switch to Standard Dutch has been noted.<ref name="Dialect of Maastricht">{{cite web|title=The dialect of Maastricht |year=1999 |publisher=University of Nijmegen, Centre for Language Studies |url=http://www.let.kun.nl/gep/carlos/Maastrich2ipa.pdf |author1=Gussenhoven, C. |author2=Aarts, F. |name-list-style=amp |access-date=12 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612092141/http://www.let.kun.nl/gep/carlos/Maastrich2ipa.pdf |archive-date=12 June 2011 }}</ref>
* [[French language|French]] used to be the language of education and culture in Maastricht. In the late 18th century the language gained a powerful position as the judicial and administrative language, and throughout the following century it was the preferred language of the upper classes. Between 1851 and 1892 a Francophone newspaper (''Le Courrier de la Meuse'') was published in Maastricht.<ref name="Kessels-van der Heijde">{{cite book |title=Maastricht, Maestricht, Mestreech |last=Kessels-van der Heijde |first=Maria |year=2002 |publisher=Uitgeverij Verloren |location=Hilversum, Netherlands |isbn= 9065507132|pages=11–12 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NP3deKbb9QoC&q=maastricht+tussen+1813+en+1830&pg=PA5|access-date=11 February 2012}}</ref> The language is often part of secondary school curricula. Many proper names are French and the language has left many traces in the local dialect.
* [[German language|German]], like French, is often part of secondary school curricula. Due to Maastricht's geographic proximity to Germany and the great number of German students in the city, German is widely spoken.
* [[English language|English]] has become an important language in education. At [[Maastricht University]] and [[Hogeschool Zuyd]] it is the language of instruction for many courses. Many foreign students and [[expatriates]] use English as a [[lingua franca]]. English is also a mandatory subject in Dutch secondary schools.

=== Religion ===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religions in Maastricht (2013)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/maatwerk/2014/40/kerkelijkheid-en-kerkbezoek-2010-2013|publisher=Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek|title=Kerkelijkheid en kerkbezoek, 2010/2013}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Roman Catholic]]
|value1 = 60.1
|color1 = DarkOrchid
|label2 = [[Protestant Church in the Netherlands]]
|value2 = 2.8
|color2 = DodgerBlue
|label3 = Other Christian denominations 
|value3 = 2.2
|color3 = Turquoise
|label4 = [[Islam in the Netherlands|Islam]]
|value4 = 3.3
|color4 = Green
|label5 = [[Hinduism]]
|value5 = 0.1
|color5 = Orange
|label6 = [[Buddhism]]
|value6 = 0.4
|color6 = Yellow
|label7 = [[Judaism]]
|value7 = 0.2
|color7 = Blue
|label8 = [[Irreligion|No affiliation]]
|value8 = 30.9
|color8 = Honeydew
}}
In 2010–2014, 69.8% of the population of Maastricht regarded themselves as religious. 60.4% of the total population stated an affiliation with the Roman Catholic Church. 13.9% attended a religious ceremony at least once a month.<ref>[https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/maatwerk/2015/20/religie-en-kerkbezoek-naar-gemeente-2010-2014 'Religie en kerkbezoek naar gemeente 2010-2014'], on website ''cbs.nl'', 13 May 2015 (download Excel file).</ref>