Editing List of English monarchs (section)

=== Angevin kings of England ===
{{Main|Angevin Empire|Angevin kings of England}}
King Stephen came to an agreement with Matilda in November 1153 with the signing of the [[Treaty of Wallingford]], in which Stephen recognised [[Henry II of England|Henry]], son of Matilda and her second husband [[Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou]], as the designated heir. The royal house descended from Matilda and Geoffrey is widely known by two names, the [[Angevin kings of England|House of Anjou]] (after Geoffrey's title as Count of Anjou) or the [[House of Plantagenet]], after his [[sobriquet]]. Some historians prefer to group the subsequent kings into two groups, before and after the loss of the bulk of their French possessions, although they are not different royal houses.

The Angevins (from the French term meaning "from Anjou") ruled over the [[Angevin Empire]] during the 12th and 13th centuries, an area stretching from the Pyrenees to Ireland. They did not regard England as their primary home until most of their continental domains were lost by [[John, King of England|King John]]. The direct, eldest male line from Henry II includes monarchs commonly grouped together as the House of Plantagenet, which was the name given to the dynasty after the loss of most of their continental possessions, while [[cadet branch]]es of this line became known as the [[House of Lancaster]] and the [[House of York]] during the [[War of the Roses]].

The Angevins formulated [[coat of arms of England|England's royal coat of arms]], which usually showed other kingdoms held or claimed by them or their successors, although without [[Lordship of Ireland|representation of Ireland]] for quite some time. ''[[Dieu et mon droit]]'' was first used as a [[battle cry]] by [[Richard I of England|Richard I]] in 1198 at the [[Battle of Gisors]], when he defeated the forces of [[Philip II of France]].<ref name=Pine-53/><ref>{{Cite book |last=Norris |first=Herbert |title=Medieval Costume and Fashion |date=1999 |publisher=Courier Dover Publications |isbn=978-0-486-40486-8 |edition=illustrated, reprint |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=xiqahsJPHSgC&pg=PA312 312]}}</ref> It has generally been used as the motto of English monarchs since being adopted by [[Edward III]].<ref name="Pine-53">{{Cite book |last=Pine |first=Leslie Gilbert |title=A Dictionary of mottoes |date=1983 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-7100-9339-4 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=dHE9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA53 53]}}</ref>

{{Nobility table header|arms=yes|extra column=Claim}}

|-
| '''[[Henry II of England|Henry II]]'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-12 |title=Henry II 'Curtmantle' (r. 1154–1189) |url=https://www.royal.uk/henry-ii-curtmantle-r-1154-1189 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180102013038/https://www.royal.uk/henry-ii-curtmantle-r-1154-1189 |archive-date=2 January 2018 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=royal.gov.uk}}; {{Harvnb|Fryde|1996|page=36}}.</ref><br/>'''Henry Curtmantle'''<br/>19 December 1154{{Efn-lr|Henry II was crowned on 19 December 1154 with his queen, [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]].}}<br/>–<br/>6 July 1189<br/>''({{Age in years and days|19 December 1154|6 July 1189|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Henry II Illumination.jpg|100px|Henry II]]
| [[File:Royal Arms of England (1154-1189).svg|75px<!--Arms-->|Royal Arms of England (1154–1189)]]
| 5 March 1133<br/>[[Le Mans]]<hr/>Son of [[Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou|Geoffrey V of Anjou]]<br/>and [[Empress Matilda|Matilda]]
| [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]<br/>[[Bordeaux Cathedral]]<br/>18 May 1152<br/>8 children
| 6 July 1189<br/>[[Chinon]]<br/>Aged 56{{Efn-lg|Henry II was buried at [[Fontevraud Abbey]].}}
| Grandson of [[Henry I of England|Henry I]]<hr/>[[Treaty of Wallingford]]<hr/>Great-great-great-grandson of [[Edmund Ironside]]

|-,
| colspan=99 | Henry II named his son, '''[[Henry the Young King]]''' (1155–1183), as co-ruler with him but this was a Norman custom of designating an heir, and the younger Henry did not outlive his father and rule in his own right, so he is not counted as a monarch on lists of kings.

|-
| '''[[Richard I of England|Richard I]]'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-12 |title=Richard I Coeur de Lion ('The Lionheart') (r.1189–1199) |url=https://www.royal.uk/richard-i-coeur-de-lion-lionheart-r1189-1199 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125020118/https://www.royal.uk/richard-i-coeur-de-lion-lionheart-r1189-1199 |archive-date=25 January 2018 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=royal.gov.uk}}; {{Harvnb|Fryde|1996|page=36}}.</ref><br/>'''Richard the Lionheart'''<br/>3 September 1189{{Efn-lr|Richard I was crowned on 3 September 1189.}}<br/>–<br/>6 April 1199<br/>''({{Age in years and days|3 September 1189|6 April 1199|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Richard I of England in the Brief Abridgement of the Chronicles of England.jpg|100px|Richard the Lionheart, an illustration from a 12th-century codex]]
| rowspan=2 | [[File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg|75px<!--Arms-->]]
| 8 September 1157<br/>[[Beaumont Palace]]<hr/>Son of [[Henry II of England|Henry II]]<br/>and [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]
| [[Berengaria of Navarre]]<br/>[[Limassol]]<br/>12 May 1191<br/>No children
| 6 April 1199<br/>[[Château de Châlus-Chabrol|Châlus]]<br/>Shot by a [[crossbow bolt|quarrel]] aged 41{{Efn-lg|Richard I was buried at [[Rouen Cathedral]]. His body currently lies at [[Fontevraud Abbey]].}}
| Son of [[Henry II of England|Henry II]]<hr/>[[Primogeniture]]

|-
| '''[[John, King of England|John]]'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-12 |title=John Lackland (r. 1199–1216) |url=https://www.royal.uk/john-lackland-r-1199-1216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125015904/https://www.royal.uk/john-lackland-r-1199-1216 |archive-date=25 January 2018 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=royal.gov.uk}}; {{Harvnb|Fryde|1996|page=37}}.</ref><br/>'''John Lackland'''<br/>27 May 1199{{Efn-lr|John was crowned on 27 May 1199.}}<br/>–<br/>19 October 1216<br/>''({{Age in years and days|27 May 1199|19 October 1216|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:John of England (John Lackland).jpg|100px|King John]]
| 24 December 1166<br/>Beaumont Palace<hr/>Son of Henry II<br/>and Eleanor of Aquitaine
| {{Gray|(1)}} [[Isabella, Countess of Gloucester|Isabel of Gloucester]]<br/>[[Marlborough Castle]]<br/>29 August 1189<br/>No children<hr/>{{Gray|(2)}} [[Isabella of Angoulême]]<br/>Bordeaux Cathedral<br/>24 August 1200<br/>5 children
| 19 October 1216<br/>[[Newark-on-Trent]]<br/>Aged 49{{Efn-lg|John was buried at [[Worcester Cathedral]].}}
| Son of Henry II<hr/>Nomination<hr/>[[Proximity of blood]]

|}

====Disputed claimant (House of Capet)====

The future '''[[Louis VIII of France]]''' briefly won two-thirds of England over to his side from May 1216 to September 1217 at the conclusion of the [[First Barons' War]] against [[John, King of England|King John]]. The then-Prince Louis landed on the [[Isle of Thanet]], off the north Kent coast, on 21 May 1216, and marched more or less unopposed to London, where the streets were lined with cheering crowds. At a grand ceremony in St. Paul's Cathedral, on 2 June 1216, in the presence of numerous English clergy and nobles, the Mayor of London and Alexander II of Scotland, Prince Louis was proclaimed King Louis of England (though not crowned). In less than a month, "King Louis" controlled more than half of the country and enjoyed the support of two-thirds of the barons. However, he suffered military defeat at the hands of the English fleet. By signing the [[Treaty of Lambeth]] in September 1217, Louis gained 10,000 marks and agreed he had never been the legitimate king of England.<ref>{{Cite web |title=England: Louis of France's Claim to the Throne of England: 1216–1217 |url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/uk/england/king_england/01_louis_france.php |access-date=30 May 2012 |publisher=Archontology.org}}</ref> "King Louis" remains one of the least known kings to have ruled over a substantial part of England.<ref>"[https://thecrownchronicles.co.uk/history/the-only-2-louis-in-british-history-uncrowned-king-louis-the-lion-prince-louis-of-cambridge/ The Only Two Louis in British History]". TheCrownChronicles.co.uk. Retrieved 2 May 2018.</ref>

{{Nobility table header|arms=yes|extra column=Claim}}

|-
| '''''[[Louis VIII of France|Louis]]'''''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hanley |first=Catherine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lHk8DAAAQBAJ |title=Louis: The French Prince Who Invaded England |date=2016 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-22164-0 |pages=1066, 1208 |language=en}}</ref><br/>'''''Louis the Lion'''''<br/>2 June 1216<br/>–<br/>20 September 1217<br/>''(1 year, 111 days)''
| [[File:Louis8.png|100px]]
| [[File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg|75px<!--Arms-->]]
| 5 September 1187<br/>[[Paris]]<hr/>Son of [[Philip II of France]]<br/>and [[Isabella of Hainault]]
| [[Blanche of Castile]]<br/>[[Port-Mort]]<br/>23 May 1200<br/>13 children
| 8 November 1226<br/>[[Duchy of Montpensier|Montpensier]]<br/>Aged 39
| Offered by the Barons<hr/>Maternal grandson-in-law of [[Henry II of England|Henry II]]<hr/>[[Right of conquest]]

|}