Editing Ketamine (section)

== Interactions ==
Ketamine [[Potentiator|potentiates]] the sedative effects of [[propofol]]<ref name="propofol">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hui TW, Short TG, Hong W, Suen T, Gin T, Plummer J | title = Additive interactions between propofol and ketamine when used for anesthesia induction in female patients | journal = Anesthesiology | volume = 82 | issue = 3 | pages = 641–8 | date = March 1995 | pmid = 7879932 | doi = 10.1097/00000542-199503000-00005 | s2cid = 24005549 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> and [[midazolam]].<ref name="midazolam">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hong W, Short TG, Hui TW | title = Hypnotic and anesthetic interactions between ketamine and midazolam in female patients | journal = Anesthesiology | volume = 79 | issue = 6 | pages = 1227–32 | date = December 1993 | pmid = 8267198 | doi = 10.1097/00000542-199312000-00013 | s2cid = 12246068 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> [[Naltrexone]] potentiates psychotomimetic effects of a low dose of ketamine,<ref name="pmid16395307">{{cite journal |vauthors=Krystal JH, Madonick S, Perry E, Gueorguieva R, Brush L, Wray Y, Belger A, D'Souza DC |title=Potentiation of low dose ketamine effects by naltrexone: potential implications for the pharmacotherapy of alcoholism |journal=Neuropsychopharmacology |volume=31 |issue=8 |pages=1793–800 |date=August 2006 |pmid=16395307 |doi=10.1038/sj.npp.1300994 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> while [[lamotrigine]]<ref name="pmid10711913">{{cite journal |vauthors=Anand A, Charney DS, Oren DA, Berman RM, Hu XS, Cappiello A, Krystal JH |title=Attenuation of the neuropsychiatric effects of ketamine with lamotrigine: support for hyperglutamatergic effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists |journal=Arch Gen Psychiatry |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=270–6 |date=March 2000 |pmid=10711913 |doi=10.1001/archpsyc.57.3.270 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> and [[nimodipine]]<ref name="pmid11750186">{{cite journal |vauthors=Krupitsky EM, Burakov AM, Romanova TN, Grinenko NI, Grinenko AY, Fletcher J, Petrakis IL, Krystal JH |title=Attenuation of ketamine effects by nimodipine pretreatment in recovering ethanol dependent men: psychopharmacologic implications of the interaction of NMDA and L-type calcium channel antagonists |journal=Neuropsychopharmacology |volume=25 |issue=6 |pages=936–47 |date=December 2001 |pmid=11750186 |doi=10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00346-3 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> decrease them. [[Clonidine]] reduces the increase of salivation, heart rate, and blood pressure during ketamine anesthesia and decreases the incidence of nightmares.<ref name="pmid10773503">{{cite journal |vauthors=Handa F, Tanaka M, Nishikawa T, Toyooka H |title=Effects of oral clonidine premedication on side effects of intravenous ketamine anesthesia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study |journal=J Clin Anesth |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=19–24 |date=February 2000 |pmid=10773503 |doi=10.1016/s0952-8180(99)00131-2 }}</ref>

Clinical observations suggest that benzodiazepines may diminish the antidepressant effects of ketamine.<ref name="pmid28858450">{{cite journal | vauthors = Andrade C | title = Ketamine for Depression, 5: Potential Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions | journal = The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry | volume = 78 | issue = 7 | pages = e858–e861 | date = July 2017 | pmid = 28858450 | doi = 10.4088/JCP.17f11802 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> It appears most conventional antidepressants can be safely combined with ketamine.<ref name="pmid28858450" />