Editing Kathmandu (section)

===Air quality===
[[File:IMG-cbda959226963b8c6bbdaf27da44fabd-V.jpg|thumb|View of pollution in the Kathmandu Valley and mountain range as seen from Champa Devi]]
Air pollution is a major issue in the Kathmandu Valley.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2014/mar/21/air-pollution-kathmandu-nepal-liveable-smog-paris |title=Has air pollution made Kathmandu unliveable?|last=Lodge |first=Andrew |date=21 March 2014 |work=The Guardian |access-date=4 April 2017 |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=12 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212014126/https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2014/mar/21/air-pollution-kathmandu-nepal-liveable-smog-paris |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.iied.org/clearing-air-kathmandu |title=Clearing the air in Kathmandu |date=7 June 2016 |work=International Institute for Environment and Development |access-date=4 April 2017 |archive-date=6 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406020422/https://www.iied.org/clearing-air-kathmandu |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/topography-blame-worsening-air-pollution/ |title=Topography to blame for worsening air pollution |website=thehimalayantimes.com |access-date=4 April 2017 |date=24 March 2017}}</ref> According to the 2016 World Health Organization's Ambient Air Pollution Database,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/databases/cities/en/ |title=WHO Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database (update 2016) |website=World Health Organization |language=en-GB |access-date=4 April 2017 |archive-date=1 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301221905/http://who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/databases/cities/en/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> the annual average [[Particulates#Size, shape and solubility matter|PM2.5]] (particulate matter) concentration in 2013 was 49&nbsp;μg/m<sup>3</sup>, which is 4.9 times higher than recommended by the [[World Health Organization]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs313/en/ |title=Ambient (outdoor) air quality and health |website=World Health Organization |access-date=5 October 2020 |archive-date=4 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104165807/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs313/en/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs313/en/ |title=Ambient (outdoor) air quality and health |website=World Health Organization |language=en-GB |access-date=4 April 2017 |archive-date=4 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104165807/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs313/en/ |url-status=live}}</ref> 

Starting in early 2017, the Government of Nepal and the Embassy of the United States in Kathmandu have monitored and publicly share real-time air quality data. In Nepal and Kathmandu, the annual premature deaths due to air pollution reached 37,399 and 9,943 respectively, according to a Republica news report published on 23 November 2019. This indicates, around a quarter of the total deaths due to air pollution in Nepal are in Kathmandu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pollution.gov.np/networkOverview |title=Pollution |website=pollution.gov.np |language=en |access-date=4 April 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406020534/http://www.pollution.gov.np/networkOverview |archive-date=6 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.global_summary |title=AirNow |website=airnow.gov |access-date=4 April 2017 |archive-date=5 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170532/https://airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.global_summary |url-status=live}}</ref>