Editing James V (section)

== War with England and death ==
[[File:James5-2.jpg|thumb|300px|Portrait of James V and [[Mary of Guise]], anonymous artist, {{circa|1542}}, at [[Falkland Palace]]]]

The death of James's mother in 1541 removed any incentive for peace with England, and war broke out. Initially, the Scots won a victory at the [[Battle of Haddon Rig]] in August 1542. The Imperial ambassador in London, [[Eustace Chapuys]], wrote on 2 October that the Scottish ambassadors ruled out a conciliatory meeting between James and Henry VIII in England until the pregnant Mary of Guise delivered her child. Henry would not accept this condition and mobilised his army against Scotland.<ref>''Calendar State Papers Spanish: 1542–1543'', vol. 6 part 2, London (1895), p. 144, no.66.</ref> James was with his army at [[Lauder]] on 31 October 1542. Although he hoped to invade England, his nobles were reluctant.<ref>''State Papers Henry VIII'', vol.5 part 4 part 2, (1836), 213: [https://books.google.com/books?id=SQgXAAAAQAAJ Laing, David, ed., ''The Works of John Knox'', vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1846)] pp. 389–391.</ref> He returned to Edinburgh, on the way writing a letter in French to his wife from Falahill mentioning he had three days of illness.<ref>Strickland, Agnes, [https://books.google.com/books?id=nUdRAAAAYAAJ ''Lives of the queens of Scotland and English princesses'', vol. 1, Blackwood (1850), 402] part translated only; now preserved as [[National Archives of Scotland]] SP13/27.</ref> On 24 November his army suffered a serious defeat at the [[Battle of Solway Moss]]. Following a few days spent at Linlithgow Palace with Queen Mary, who was in the final stages of her pregnancy, on 6 December James travelled to [[Falkland Palace]], where he soon took ill.<ref>Knox, John, {{Cite web |title=from ''History of the Reformation'', book 2 |url=http://www.nls.uk/scotlandspages/timeline/15422.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829095527/http://www.nls.uk/scotlandspages/timeline/15422.html |archive-date=29 August 2009}}</ref><ref name=Cameron556/>

Although James V's army had been beaten at Solway Moss, it was neither a personal humiliation for the King (who was not there) nor the result of noble disaffection. In fact, James had substantial support for his war policy and early in December, he had made plans to renew the conflict with England.<ref name=Cameron556/> James was on his deathbed at Falkland when news arrived from Linlithgow that the Queen had given birth to a [[Mary, Queen of Scots|daughter]]. According to [[John Knox]], on hearing of the birth of his daughter, the King said "It cam wi' a lass, and it will gang wi' a lass" (meaning "It began with a girl and it will end with a girl").<ref>[[Ackroyd, Peter]], ''Tudors (The History of England Volume 2)'', Pan Books {{ISBN|978-1-4472-3681-8}}</ref> This could refer to the [[Stewart dynasty]]'s accession to the throne through [[Marjorie Bruce]], daughter of [[Robert the Bruce]]. The prophecy could have been intended to express his belief that his new-born daughter Mary would be the last of the Stewart monarchs. In fact, the last Stewart monarch was female: [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain]]. James V died at Falkland Palace on 14 December 1542, aged thirty. The King had been ill on a number of occasions during the previous decade: in 1533 "of a sore [[face|fois]] (face)"; in 1534 of the "[[Poxviridae|pox]], and [[fever|fevir]] contenew"; in Paris in 1536; and in 1540, when he wrote to his wife to say that he had been as ill as he had ever been in his life, but was now recovered. Evidently, his immune system had not recovered, as he had been ill again in November 1542.<ref name=Cameron556/> It is likely that James V died from [[cholera]] or [[dysentery]], rather than shame or despair brought on by the news of Solway Moss.<ref name=Cameron556/>

[[File:Burial Site of James V, Mary of Guelders and other Royals at Holyrood Abbey.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The Royal Vault in the ruins of [[Holyrood Abbey]], which contains the remains of James V]]

James was succeeded by his infant daughter, [[Mary, Queen of Scots]]. On 7 January 1543, the King's body was conveyed from Falkland to the [[Firth of Forth|Forth]] ferry at [[Kinghorn]], before being transported to Edinburgh, escorted by a funeral cortege, and accompanied by Cardinal Beaton, the Earls of Arran, Argyll, Rothes, Marischal and other nobles.<ref name=Thomas226to243/> James V was buried on 8 January at [[Holyrood Abbey]], next to his first wife, [[Madeleine of Valois|Madeleine]], and his two sons. A stone tomb was erected, on which [[Andrew Mansioun]] carved a lion, a crown and an eighteen-foot-long inscription in [[Latin alphabet|Roman letters]]. Alms were distributed to the poor of Edinburgh who had been present at the soul-Mass and [[dirge]] performed for the King.<ref name=Thomas226to243/> During the [[Rough Wooing]], the invading English armies inflicted structural damage on Holyrood Abbey in 1544 and 1547, destroying James V's tomb.<ref>Gallagher, p. 1085.</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/details/accountslordhig00unkngoog ''Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer of Scotland'', vol. 8 (1908)] 142–143: [https://books.google.com/books?id=J2AJAAAAQAAJ ''Works of Drummond of Hawthornden: History of the Five Jameses'', (Edinburgh 1711)], p. 116</ref>

James was the last monarch to die in Scotland until 8 September 2022 when Queen [[Elizabeth II]] [[Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II|died]] at [[Balmoral Castle]] in [[Aberdeenshire]], 480 years later. Days later her body was carried through the streets of Edinburgh, the first time that a royal cortege had passed through the city since James V's burial.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Wade |first1=Mike |last2=Parker |first2=Charlie |date=13 September 2022 |title=In hushed reverence, they lined Royal Mile |work=[[The Times]] |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/scotland/article/in-hushed-reverence-they-lined-royal-mile-pjlwrn9n5 |access-date=13 September 2022}}</ref>