Editing Jackie Chan (section)

== Stunts and screen persona ==
[[File:US Navy 021202-N-0271M-016 Jackie Chan tries on a fighter pilot's helmet with night vision goggles attached during his visit aboard USS Kitty Hawk (cropped).jpg|thumb|Jackie Chan tries on a fighter pilot's helmet with night vision goggles.]]

Chan has performed most of his own stunts throughout his film career, which are choreographed by the [[Jackie Chan Stunt Team]]. The team was established in 1983, and Chan has used them in all his subsequent films to make choreographing easier, given his understanding of each member's abilities.<ref>{{Cite video |people=Jackie Chan |title=Police Story Commentary |medium=DVD |publisher=Dragon Dynasty |location=Hong Kong |year=1987}}</ref> Chan and his team undertake many of the stunts performed by other characters in his films, shooting the scenes so that their faces are obscured.<ref name="Newline">{{cite web |last=Rogers |first=Ian |title=Jackie Chan Interview |publisher=FilmZone |url=http://www.newline.com/jackiechan/Chan/chaninterview.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710114138/http://www.newline.com/jackiechan/Chan/chaninterview.html |archive-date=10 July 2007 |access-date=29 February 2012}}</ref>

In the early 1980s, Jackie Chan began experimenting with elaborate stunt action sequences in films such as ''[[The Young Master]]'' (1980)<ref name="scmp">{{cite news |last1=Havis |first1=Richard James |title=Jackie Chan on Project A, the martial arts film that set a creative template for his decades of show business success |url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3088719/jackie-chan-project-martial-arts-film-set-creative-template |access-date=30 December 2020 |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |date=14 June 2020 |url-status=dead |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201227052149/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3088719/jackie-chan-project-martial-arts-film-set-creative-template |archive-date=27 December 2020 |quote=Critics often compare your work in ''Project A'' to that of silent film stars like Buster Keaton and Harold Lloyd. I'm guessing you had not actually seen the work of those stars when you made ''Project A''. <br /> Yes, that's right. I didn't actually see films by Buster Keaton until later&nbsp;– there were no videos back then. What happened was Western critics would always say that I was like Buster Keaton, and I noticed they seemed to like it if I agreed and said he influenced me. So I said he had. But really, I had worked out that for myself. I was actually already doing these kind of things in ''The Young Master''. Then one day, new technology comes out&nbsp;– the video&nbsp;– and I had a chance to look at Buster Keaton films. I thought, Wow I really do seem to be like this guy! }}</ref> and especially ''[[Dragon Lord]]'' (1982),<ref>{{cite web |title=Dragon Lord |publisher=Love HK Film |url=http://www.lovehkfilm.com/reviews_2/dragon_lord.htm |access-date=14 April 2011}}</ref> which featured a pyramid fight scene that holds the record for the most [[take]]s required for a single scene, with 2900 takes,<ref name="Amazon">{{cite web |title=Dragon Lord (DVD Description) |website=Amazon UK |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dragon-Lord-DVD-Jackie-Chan/dp/B0000A5BRV |access-date=12 April 2011}}</ref> and the final fight scene where he performs various stunts, including one where he does a backflip off a [[loft]] and falls to the lower ground.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Kicking and Screening: ''Wheels on Meals,'' ''Armour of God,'' ''Police Story,'' and more are graded with an eye for action |first=David |last=Everitt |date=16 August 1996 |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |url=https://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,293788,00.html |access-date=12 April 2011 |archive-date=13 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113143506/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,293788,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1983, ''[[Project A (film)|Project A]]'' saw the official formation of the Jackie Chan Stunt Team and added elaborate, dangerous stunts to the fights and typical slapstick humor; at one point, Chan falls from the top of a clock tower through a series of fabric canopies. Critics have compared his comedic stunts in ''Project A'' to [[Buster Keaton]], who was also known to perform his own stunts, although Chan himself had not watched Keaton's films until years after ''Project A'' released; according to Chan, ''Project A'' was an evolution of the action stunt work he had been doing in earlier kung Fu comedy films since ''The Young Master''.<ref name="scmp" />

''[[Police Story (1985 film)|Police Story]]'' (1985) contained many large-scale action scenes, including an opening sequence featuring a [[car chase]] through a [[shanty town]], Chan stopping a [[double-decker bus]] with his service [[pistol|revolver]] and a climactic fight scene in a shopping mall. This final scene earned the film the nickname "Glass Story" by the crew, due to the huge number of panes of [[sugar glass]] that were broken. During a stunt in this last scene, in which Chan slides down a pole from several stories up, the lights covering the pole had heated it considerably, resulting in Chan suffering [[Burn#Classification by degree|second-degree burns]], particularly to his hands, as well as a back injury and dislocation of his pelvis upon landing.<ref name="I Am Jackie Chan">{{cite web |url=http://www.randomhouse.com/features/iamjackiechan/excerpt_aches.html |title=Jackie's Aches and Pains: It Only Hurts When I'm Not Laughing |first=Jackie |last=Chan |publisher=[[Random House]] |access-date=19 December 2012}}</ref> Chan performed similarly elaborate stunts in numerous other films, such as several ''[[Police Story (film series)|Police Story]]'' sequels, ''[[Project A Part II]]'', the ''[[Armour of God (film)|Armour of God]]'' series, ''[[Dragons Forever]]'', ''[[Drunken Master II]]'', ''[[Rumble in the Bronx]]'', and the ''[[Rush Hour (franchise)|Rush Hour]]'' series, among others.

The dangerous nature of his stunts makes it difficult to get insurance, especially in the United States where his stunt work is contractually limited.<ref name="Newline" /> Chan holds the [[Guinness World Records|Guinness World Record]] for "Most Stunts by a Living Actor", which emphasizes that "no insurance company will underwrite Chan's productions in which he performs all his own stunts".<ref>{{cite web |title=January 2003 News Archives |work=Jackie Chan Kids |url=http://www.jackiechankids.com/files/January_News_Archives.htm |date=3 January 2003 |access-date=29 February 2012}}</ref>

Chan has been injured frequently when attempting stunts; many of them have been shown as outtakes or as [[blooper]]s during the closing credits of his films. He came closest to death filming ''Armour of God'' when he fell from a tree and fractured his skull. Over the years, he has dislocated his pelvis and also broken numerous parts of his body, including his fingers, toes, nose, both cheekbones, hips, sternum, neck, ankle, and ribs.<ref>{{cite web |last=Chan |first=Jackie |title=The Official Jackie Chan Injury Map |publisher=Jackie Chan Kids |url=http://www.jackiechankids.com/files/Jackie_Injury_Map_Main.htm |access-date=29 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Jackie Chan re-injures back while filming |work=The Star |location=Malaysia |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/8/27/apworld/20070827170114&sec=apworld |date=27 August 2007 |access-date=29 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125074715/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2007%2F8%2F27%2Fapworld%2F20070827170114&sec=apworld |archive-date=25 January 2012 }}</ref> Promotional materials for ''Rumble in the Bronx'' emphasized that he performed all of the stunts, and one version of the movie poster even diagrammed his many injuries.

[[File:Jackie Chan Cannes 2013.jpg|thumb|Jackie Chan at the [[2013 Cannes Film Festival]]]]

Chan created his screen persona as a response to the late [[Bruce Lee]] and the [[Bruceploitation|numerous imitators]] who appeared before and after Lee's death. Lee's characters were typically stern, morally upright heroes. In contrast, Chan plays well-meaning, slightly foolish regular men, often at the mercy of their friends, girlfriends, or families, who always triumph in the end despite the odds.<ref name="Iamjc" /> Additionally, he has stated that he deliberately styles his movement to be the opposite of Lee's: where Lee held his arms wide, Chan holds his tight to the body; where Lee was loose and flowing, Chan is tight and choppy. Despite the success of the ''Rush Hour'' series, Chan has stated that he is not a fan of it since he neither appreciates the action scenes in the movie nor understands American humor.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/jackie-chan-admits-he-is-not-a-fan-of-rush-hour-films |title=Jackie Chan Admits He Is Not a Fan of 'Rush Hour' Films |publisher=Fox News |date=30 September 2007 |access-date=29 February 2012}}</ref>

American filmmaker [[Quentin Tarantino]] classified Chan's style of acting and filmmaking as [[physical comedy]], and considered him one of the greatest in the genre.<ref name="Utah" /> British filmmaker [[Edgar Wright]] describes Jackie Chan as an "expressive" visual performer with an [[everyman]] persona. He notes that, in contrast to other action heroes (such as Bruce Lee, [[Sylvester Stallone]], [[Clint Eastwood]] or [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]]), Chan presents himself as a loveable "goofball" underdog who overcomes the odds with almost "superhuman" acrobatic stunts and fighting abilities.<ref name="Wright">{{cite news |last1=Russell |first1=Calum |title=Edgar Wright compares the flair of Jackie Chan and Bruce Lee |url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/edgar-wright-compares-the-genius-of-jackie-chan-and-bruce-lee/ |access-date=17 March 2022 |work=[[Far Out Magazine]] |date=26 November 2021}}</ref>

In the 2000s, the ageing Chan grew tired of being typecast as an action hero, prompting him to act with more emotion in his latest films.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Jackie Chan: From action maestro to serious actor |work=China Daily |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-09/24/content_377571.htm |date=24 September 2004 |access-date=29 February 2012}}</ref> In ''[[New Police Story]]'' (2004), he portrayed a character suffering from alcoholism and mourning his murdered colleagues.<ref name="Nps">{{Cite video |people=Jackie Chan |title=New Police Story |medium=DVD |publisher=[[JCE Movies Limited]] |location=Hong Kong |year=2004}}</ref> To further shed the image of a "nice guy", Chan played an antihero for the first time in ''[[Rob-B-Hood]]'' (2006) starring as Thongs, a burglar with gambling problems.<ref>{{cite web |title=For the first time, Chan plays an unconventional role in his newest comedy (成龙首次尝试反派 联手陈木胜再拍动作喜剧) |publisher=Sina Corp |url=http://ent.sina.com.cn/m/c/2005-12-30/0832945759.html |language=zh |date=30 December 2005 |access-date=29 February 2012}}</ref> Chan plays a low-level gangster in 2009's ''[[Shinjuku Incident]]'', a serious drama set in Tokyo about unsavory characters.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chinafile.com/jackie-chan-young-master-comes-age |title=Jackie Chan: The Young Master Comes of Age |publisher=Asia Society |date=27 June 2013 |access-date=2 April 2014}}</ref>