Editing Ivy League (section)

====Post-World War II====
In 1945 the presidents of the eight schools signed the first ''Ivy Group Agreement'', which set academic, financial, and athletic standards for the [[American football|football]] teams.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ivyleague.com/sports/2017/7/28/history-timeline-index.aspx|title=A History of Tradition|website=ivyleague.com|access-date=July 28, 2023|archive-date=July 28, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728001700/https://ivyleague.com/sports/2017/7/28/history-timeline-index.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> The principles established reiterated those put forward in the Harvard-Yale-Princeton presidents' Agreement of 1916. The Ivy Group Agreement established the core tenet that an applicant's ability to play on a team would not influence admissions decisions:

{{blockquote|The members of the Group reaffirm their prohibition of athletic scholarships. Athletes shall be admitted as students and awarded financial aid only on the basis of the same academic standards and economic need as are applied to all other students.<ref>{{cite news|last=Gwertzman |first=Bernard M. |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=128992 |title=Ivy League: Formalizing the Fact  |work=The Harvard Crimson |date=October 13, 1956 |access-date=2011-01-30}}</ref>}}

In 1954, the presidents extended the Ivy Group Agreement to all intercollegiate sports, effective with the 1955–56 basketball season. This is generally reckoned as the formal formation of the Ivy League. As part of the transition, Brown, the only Ivy that had not joined the EIBL, did so for the 1954–55 season. A year later, the Ivy League absorbed the EIBL. The Ivy League claims the EIBL's history as its own. Through the EIBL, it is the oldest basketball conference in Division I.<ref>[https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/conferences/ivy/ "Ivy Group"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118075519/http://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/conferences/ivy/ |date=January 18, 2015}}, ''Sports-reference.com''</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncaapublications.com/productdownloads/BK09.pdf|title=Official 2009 NCAA Men's Basketball Records Book – p. 221 "Division I Conference Alignment History"|access-date=February 13, 2018|archive-date=April 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160411094117/http://www.ncaapublications.com/productdownloads/BK09.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Snow and Pforzheimer House, Harvard Campus, Cambridge, Massachusetts.JPG|thumb|[[Pforzheimer House]] (1901) at Harvard, originally part of Radcliffe College, which was fully integrated with Harvard in 1999]]
As late as the 1960s many of the Ivy League universities' undergraduate programs remained [[Open (sport)|open]] only to men, with Cornell the only one to have been coeducational from its founding (1865) and Columbia being the last (1983) to become coeducational. Before they became coeducational, many of the Ivy schools maintained extensive social ties with nearby [[Seven Sisters (colleges)|Seven Sisters]] [[women's college]]s, including weekend visits, dances and parties inviting Ivy and Seven Sisters students to mingle. This was the case not only at [[Barnard College]] and [[Radcliffe College]], which are adjacent to Columbia and Harvard, but at more distant institutions as well. The movie ''[[Animal House]]'' includes a satiric version of the formerly common visits by Dartmouth men to Massachusetts to meet [[Smith College|Smith]] and [[Mount Holyoke College|Mount Holyoke]] women, a drive of more than two hours. As noted by Irene Harwarth, Mindi Maline, and Elizabeth DeBra, "The '[[Seven Sisters (colleges)|Seven Sisters']] was the name given to Barnard, Smith, Mount Holyoke, [[Vassar College|Vassar]], [[Bryn Mawr College|Bryn Mawr]], [[Wellesley College|Wellesley]], and Radcliffe, because of their parallel to the Ivy League men's colleges."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/PLLI/webreprt.html |title=Archived: Women's Colleges in the United States: History, Issues, and Challenges |publisher=Ed.gov |access-date=January 30, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050204110037/http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/PLLI/webreprt.html |archive-date=February 4, 2005 }}</ref>

In 1982 the Ivy League considered adding two members, with Army, Navy, and [[Northwestern University|Northwestern]] as the most likely candidates; if it had done so, the league could probably have avoided being moved into the recently created Division I-AA (now Division I FCS) for football.<ref name="white19820110">{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/10/sports/ivy-league-considers-adding-2-schools.html | title=Ivy League Considers Adding 2 Schools | work=The New York Times | date=January 1, 1982 | access-date=September 18, 2013 | last=White | first=Gordon S. Jr. | archive-date=December 20, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220141905/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/10/sports/ivy-league-considers-adding-2-schools.html | url-status=live }}</ref> In 1983, following the admission of women to Columbia College, Columbia University and Barnard College entered into an athletic consortium agreement by which students from both schools compete together on Columbia University women's athletic teams, which replaced the women's teams previously sponsored by Barnard.[[File:Yale Varsity.jpg|thumb|Yale [[rowing (sport)|rowing]] team in the annual [[Harvard–Yale Regatta]], 2007]]When Army and Navy departed the Eastern Intercollegiate Baseball League in 1992, nearly all intercollegiate competition involving the eight schools became united under the Ivy League banner. The major exception is hockey, with the Ivies that sponsor hockey—all except Penn and Columbia—members of ECAC Hockey. Wrestling was a second exception through the 2023-24 academic calendar; up until that point the Ivies that sponsor wrestling—all except Dartmouth and Yale— were members of the [[Eastern Intercollegiate Wrestling Association]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Six Ivy League schools leaving EIWA to form own league in 2024-25 |url=https://ctwrestling.com/2023/12/six-ivy-league-schools-leaving-eiwa-to-form-own-league-in-2024-25/7734/ |access-date=26 June 2024 |publisher=Connecticut Wrestling Online |date=19 December 2023 |archive-date=June 26, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626225821/https://ctwrestling.com/2023/12/six-ivy-league-schools-leaving-eiwa-to-form-own-league-in-2024-25/7734/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Ivy League was the first athletic conference to respond to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|COVID-19 pandemic]] by shutting down all athletic competition in March 2020, leaving many Spring schedules unfinished.<ref name="Higgins">{{cite news |last1=Higgins |first1=Laine |title=The Ivy League Is Still on the Sidelines. Wealthy Alumni Are Not Happy. |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-ivy-league-is-still-on-the-sidelines-wealthy-alumni-are-not-happy-11613397614 |access-date=19 February 2021 |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=19 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210219170033/https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-ivy-league-is-still-on-the-sidelines-wealthy-alumni-are-not-happy-11613397614?page=1 |archive-date=19 February 2021}}</ref> The Fall 2020 schedule was canceled in July, and winter sports were canceled before Thanksgiving.<ref name="Higgins" /> Of the 357 men's basketball teams in [[NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|Division I]], only ten did not play; the Ivy League made up eight of those ten.<ref name="Higgins" /> By giving up its automatic qualifying bid to [[March madness|March Madness]], the Ivy League forfeited at least $280,000 in NCAA basketball funds.<ref name="Higgins" /> As a consequence of the pandemic, an unprecedented number of student athletes in the Ivy League either transferred to other schools, or temporarily unenrolled in hopes of maintaining their eligibility to play post-pandemic.<ref name="Higgins" /> Some Ivy alumni expressed displeasure with the League's position.<ref name="Higgins" /> In February 2021 it was reported that Yale declined a multi-million dollar offer from alum [[Joseph Tsai]] to create a sequestered "bubble" for the lacrosse team.<ref name="Higgins" /> The league announced in a May 2021 joint statement that "regular athletic competition" would resume "across all sports" in fall 2021.<ref name="GoLocalProv20210504">{{cite news |title=Ivy League Planning to Return to Regular Athletic Competition in Fall |url=https://www.golocalprov.com/sports/new-ivy-league-planning-to-return-to-regular-athletic-competition-in-fall |access-date=5 May 2021 |publisher=GoLocal Prov |date=4 May 2021 |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507121747/https://www.golocalprov.com/sports/new-ivy-league-planning-to-return-to-regular-athletic-competition-in-fall |url-status=live }}</ref>

Following the [[Black Lives Matter]] protests in 2020, the Ivy League Conference committed itself to uphold "diversity, equity, and inclusion," to combat racism and homophobia. At Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, and Princeton there are Black Student Athlete groups and other [[affinity group]]s that are dedicated to ensuring their organizations are committed to anti-racism and anti-homophobia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diversity, Equity and Inclusion |url=https://ivyleague.com/sports/2021/2/24/general-untitled-sportfile.aspx |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=ivyleague.com |language=en |archive-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221216142648/https://ivyleague.com/sports/2021/2/24/general-untitled-sportfile.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2023, two former Brown University basketball players sued the Ivy League alleging that by denying athletic scholarships, the 1954 "Ivy League Agreement" is anticompetititive and violates antitrust laws.<ref name="BDH20230309" /><ref name="AP20230308" /> The lawsuit claims that the agreement constitutes price-fixing in violation of the [[Sherman Antitrust Act]] of 1890, and in effect raises the cost of Ivy League education for student athletes.<ref name="BDH20230309">{{cite news |last1=Vaz |first1=Julia |title=Brown students sue Ivy League over athletic scholarship policy |url=https://www.browndailyherald.com/article/2023/03/brown-students-sue-ivy-league-over-athletic-scholarship-policy |access-date=1 April 2023 |publisher=Brown Daily Herald |date=9 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330133458/https://www.browndailyherald.com/article/2023/03/brown-students-sue-ivy-league-over-athletic-scholarship-policy |archive-date=30 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="AP20230308">{{cite news |last1=Eaton-Robb |first1=Pat |title=Athletes sue Ivy League over its no-scholarship policy |url=https://apnews.com/article/ivy-league-lawsuit-athletes-brown-scholarship-771b34fa36ea06f6109435102d939299 |access-date=1 April 2023 |work=Associated Press News |date=8 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311083335/https://apnews.com/article/ivy-league-lawsuit-athletes-brown-scholarship-771b34fa36ea06f6109435102d939299 |archive-date=11 March 2023}}</ref>