Editing Hussein of Jordan (section)

===Disengagement from West Bank===
{{Main|Jordanian disengagement from the West Bank}}
[[File:King Hussein of Jordan with Brunei Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah in cockpit, 1984.jpg|thumb|right|Hussein flying an airplane with Brunei Sultan [[Hassanal Bolkiah]], 1984]]

On 9 December 1987 an Israeli truck driver ran over four Palestinians in a [[Gaza Strip|Gaza]] refugee camp, sparking unrest that spread to violent demonstrations in the West Bank.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} What began as an uprising to achieve Palestinian independence against the Israeli occupation turned into an upsurge of support for the PLO, which had orchestrated the uprising, and consequently diminished Jordanian influence in the West Bank.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} Jordanian policy on the West Bank had to be reconsidered following renewed fears that Israel would revive its proposal for Jordan to become an "alternative Palestinian homeland".{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} US Secretary of State [[George P. Shultz]] set up a peace process that became known as the Schulz Initiative.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} It called for Jordan rather than the PLO to represent the Palestinians; however, when Schultz contacted Hussein about the plan, he reversed his position and told him it was a matter for the PLO to decide.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}}

The orchestrators of the Intifada were the [[Unified National Leadership of the Uprising]], which issued its 10th communiqué on 11 March 1988, urging its followers to "intensify the mass pressure against the [Israel] occupation army and the settlers and against collaborators and personnel of the Jordanian regime."{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} West Bank Palestinians deviation from the Jordanian state highlighted the need for a revision in Jordan's policy, and [[Jordanian nationalism|Jordanian nationalists]] began to argue that Jordan would be better off without the Palestinians and without the West Bank.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} Adnan Abu Oudeh, a Palestinian descendant who was Hussein's political advisor, Prime Minister [[Zaid Al-Rifai]], army chief of staff [[Zaid ibn Shaker]], [[The Royal Hashemite Court|Royal Court]] chief Marwan Kasim, and mukhabarat director Tariq Alaeddin, helped the King prepare West Bank disengagement plans.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} The Jordanian Ministry of Occupied Territories Affairs was abolished on 1 July 1988, its responsibilities taken over by the Palestinian Affairs Department.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} On 28 July Jordan terminated the West Bank development plan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/07/29/world/jordan-drops-1.3-billion-plan-for-west-bank-development.html|title=Jordan Drops $1.3 Billion Plan For West Bank Development|agency=Associated Press|access-date=1 September 2017|date=29 July 1988|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Two days later a royal decree dissolved the [[Jordanian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]], thereby removing West Bank representation in the Parliament.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} In a televised speech on 1 August, Hussein announced the "severing of Jordan's legal and administrative ties with the West Bank," essentially surrendering claims of sovereignty over the West Bank.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/01/world/hussein-surrenders-claims-west-bank-plo-us-peace-plan-jeopardy-internal-tensions.html|title=Hussein surrenders claims on West Bank to the PLO, U.S. peace plan in jeopardy|author=John Kifner|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=3 September 2017|date=1 August 1988}}</ref> The move revoked the Jordanian citizenship of Palestinians in the West Bank (who had obtained it since Jordan annexed the territory in 1950), but not that of Palestinians residing in Jordan.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} Nevertheless, the Hashemite custodianship over the Muslim and Christian holy sites in Jerusalem was retained.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} Israeli politicians were stunned, thinking it was a political manoeuvre so that the Palestinians could show support for Hussein, but later realized that it represented a shift in Jordan's policy after Hussein asked his West Bank supporters not to issue petitions demanding that he relent.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}} In a meeting in November 1988 the PLO accepted all United Nations resolutions and agreed to recognize Israel.{{sfn|Shlaim|2009|p=453–467}}