Editing Huguenots (section)

===Edict of Fontainebleau===
[[Louis XIV]] inherited the throne in 1643 and acted increasingly aggressively to force the Huguenots to convert. At first he sent [[Missionary|missionaries]], backed by a fund to financially reward converts to Roman Catholicism. Then he imposed penalties, closed Huguenot schools and excluded them from favoured professions. Escalating, he instituted [[dragonnades]], which included the occupation and looting of Huguenot homes by military troops, in an effort to forcibly convert them. In 1685, he issued the [[Edict of Fontainebleau]], revoking the Edict of Nantes and declaring Protestantism illegal.<ref>see article: – [[Revocation of the Edict of Nantes]]</ref>
[[File:Jean Cavalier chef camisard.jpg|thumb|190px|Huguenot rebel leader [[Jean Cavalier]] during the [[War of the Camisards]] in the [[Cévennes]] and [[Languedoc]]]]
The revocation forbade Protestant services, required education of children as Catholics, and prohibited emigration. It proved disastrous to the Huguenots and costly for France. It precipitated civil bloodshed, ruined commerce, and resulted in the illegal flight from the country of hundreds of thousands of Protestants, many of whom were intellectuals, doctors and business leaders whose skills were transferred to Britain as well as Holland, Switzerland, Prussia, South Africa and other places they fled to. 4,000 emigrated to the [[Thirteen Colonies]], where they settled, especially in New York, the [[Delaware River Valley]] in Eastern Pennsylvania, New Jersey,<ref name="Calvin"/> and Virginia. The English authorities welcomed the French refugees, providing money from both government and private agencies to aid their relocation. Those Huguenots who stayed in France were subsequently forcibly converted to Roman Catholicism and were called "new converts".<ref>John Wolf, ''Louis XIV'', ch 24; Bertrand Van Ruymbeke, "Escape from Babylon", ''Christian History'' 2001 20(3): 38–42. {{ISSN|0891-9666}} Fulltext: [[EBSCO Information Services|Ebsco]]</ref>

After this, the Huguenots (with estimates ranging from 200,000 to 1,000,000<ref name="EB11" />) fled to Protestant countries: England, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark, and Prussia—whose Calvinist Great Elector [[Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg|Frederick William]] welcomed them to help rebuild his war-ravaged and underpopulated country. Following this exodus, Huguenots remained in large numbers in only one region of France: the rugged [[Cévennes]] region in the south. There were also some Calvinists in the Alsace region, which then belonged to the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. In the early 18th century, a regional group known as the [[Camisard]]s (who were Huguenots of the mountainous [[Massif Central]] region) rioted against the Catholic Church, burning churches and killing the clergy. It took French troops years to hunt down and destroy all the bands of Camisards, between 1702 and 1709.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://templedurouve-english.asso-web.com|title=Le Temple du Rouve|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716215730/http://templedurouve-english.asso-web.com/|archive-date=16 July 2013|access-date=7 January 2020}}</ref>