Editing History of astronomy (section)

=== India ===
{{Main|Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics}}
[[File:Jantar Mantar at Jaipur.jpg|thumb|Historical [[Jantar Mantar (Jaipur)|Jantar Mantar]] observatory in [[Jaipur]], India]][[Bhāskara II]] (1114–1185) was the head of the astronomical observatory at Ujjain, continuing the mathematical tradition of Brahmagupta. He wrote the ''Siddhantasiromani'' which consists of two parts: ''Goladhyaya'' (sphere) and ''Grahaganita'' (mathematics of the planets). He also calculated the time taken for the Sun to orbit the Earth to nine decimal places. The Buddhist University of [[Nalanda]] at the time offered formal courses in astronomical studies.

Other important astronomers from India include [[Madhava of Sangamagrama]], [[Nilakantha Somayaji]] and [[Jyeshtadeva]], who were members of the [[Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics]] from the 14th century to the 16th century. Nilakantha Somayaji, in his ''Aryabhatiyabhasya'', a commentary on Aryabhata's ''Aryabhatiya'', developed his own computational system for a partially [[heliocentrism|heliocentric]] planetary model, in which Mercury, Venus, [[Mars]], [[Jupiter]] and [[Saturn]] orbit the [[Sun]], which in turn orbits the [[Earth]], similar to the [[Tychonic system]] later proposed by [[Tycho Brahe]] in the late 16th century. Nilakantha's system, however, was mathematically more efficient than the Tychonic system, due to correctly taking into account the equation of the centre and [[latitude|latitudinal]] motion of Mercury and Venus. Most astronomers of the [[Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics]] who followed him accepted his planetary model.<ref name="Joseph408">{{harvtxt|Joseph|2000|p=408}}.</ref><ref name=":6">{{cite journal |last1=Ramasubramanian |first1=K. |last2=Srinivas |first2=M. D. |last3=Sriram |first3=M. S. |year=1994 |title=Modification of the earlier Indian planetary theory by the Kerala astronomers (c. 1500 AD) and the implied heliocentric picture of planetary motion |journal=[[Current Science]] |volume=66 |pages=784–790}}</ref>