Editing Heterosexuality (section)

=== Heteronormativity and heterosexism ===
{{See also|Ex-gay movement|Heterosexuals Organized for a Moral Environment|National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality}}
[[File:Man-and-woman-icon.svg|thumb|upright|right|This image is often used on Straight Pride T-shirts]]

[[Heteronormativity]] denotes or relates to a world view that promotes heterosexuality as the normal or preferred sexual orientation for people to have. It can assign strict gender roles to males and females. The term was popularized by [[Michael Warner]] in 1991.<ref>Warner, Michael (1991), "Introduction: Fear of a Queer Planet". ''Social Text''; 9 (4 [29]): 3–17</ref> Feminist [[Adrienne Rich]] argues that [[compulsory heterosexuality]], a continual and repeating reassertion of heterosexual norms, is a facet of heterosexism.<ref>Rich, Adrienne (1980), "Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence". "Signs"; Pages 631-660.</ref> Compulsory heterosexuality is the idea that female heterosexuality is both assumed and enforced by a patriarchal society. Heterosexuality is then viewed as the natural inclination or obligation by both sexes. Consequently, anyone who differs from the normalcy of heterosexuality is deemed deviant or abhorrent.<ref name=":0'">{{cite book|last=Rich|first=Adrienne|title=Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence|year=1980|publisher=Onlywomen Press Ltd|isbn=0-906500-07-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/compulsoryhetero00rich/page/32 32]|url=https://archive.org/details/compulsoryhetero00rich/page/32}}</ref>

[[Heterosexism]] is a form of [[bias]] or [[discrimination]] in favor of opposite-sex sexuality and relationships. It may include an assumption that everyone is heterosexual and may involve various kinds of discrimination against gays, lesbians, bisexuals, asexuals, [[heteroflexible]] people, or transgender or [[non-binary]] individuals.

[[Straight pride]] is a slogan that arose in the late 1980s and early 1990s and has been used primarily by [[Social conservatism|social conservative]] groups as a political stance and strategy.<ref name="Massachusetts">{{cite web|url=http://www.massresistance.org/docs/downloads/romney/CommReport_Making_Colleges_Safe_7-93.pdf|title=Making colleges and universities safe for gay and lesbian students: Report and recommendations of the Governor's Commission on Gay and Lesbian Youth|publisher=Massachusetts. Governor's Commission on Gay and Lesbian Youth}}, p.20. "A relatively recent tactic used in the backlash opposing les/bi/gay/trans campus visibility is the so-called "heterosexual pride" strategy".</ref> The term is described as a response to [[gay pride]]<ref name="Shifting Sands">{{cite book|last=Eliason|first=Michele J.|author2=Schope, Robert |chapter=Shifting Sands or Solid Foundation? Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Identity Formation|title=The Health of Sexual Minorities|editor1=Meyer, Ilan H.|editor2= Northridge, Mary E.|year=2007|pages=3–26|doi=10.1007/978-0-387-31334-4_1|isbn=978-0-387-28871-0}} "Not surprisingly, individuals in the pride stage are most criticized not only by heterosexual persons but also many LGBT individuals, who are uncomfortable forcing the majority to share the discomfort. Heterosexual individuals may express bewilderment at the term "gay pride", arguing that they do not talk about "straight pride"".</ref><ref name="donthaveem">Eliason, Michele J. [https://books.google.com/books?id=wkrcU5Z2FrcC&q=%22straight+pride%22+origin&pg=PA55 Who cares?: institutional barriers to health care for lesbian, gay, and bisexual persons], p.55 (1996)</ref><ref name = "ChicagoTribune1">{{cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2010/11/14/when-pride-turns-shameful/ |title=When pride turns shameful |first=Eric |last=Zorn |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |date=November 14, 2010}}</ref> adopted by various [[LGBT]] groups in the early 1970s or to the accommodations provided to gay pride initiatives.