Editing Helium-3 (section)

===Cryogenics===
Helium-3 refrigerators are devices used in experimental physics for obtaining temperatures down to about 0.2 [[kelvin]].<ref name="liquidseas">{{cite web |title=Workings of a 3He refrigerator |website=Harvard X-Ray Group Home Page |url=https://liquids.seas.harvard.edu/penanen/workings.html |access-date=2025-04-17}}</ref> By [[evaporative cooling]] of helium-4, a [[1-K pot]] liquefies a small amount of [[helium-3]] in a small vessel called a helium-3 pot. Evaporative cooling at low pressure of the liquid helium-3, usually driven by [[adsorption]] since due to its high price the helium-3 is usually contained in a closed system to avoid losses, cools the helium-3 pot to a fraction of a kelvin.

A [[dilution refrigerator]] uses a mixture of helium-3 and helium-4 to reach [[cryogenics|cryogenic]] temperatures as low as a few thousandths of a kelvin.<ref name="cerndilution">{{cite web |title=Dilution Refrigeration |website=na47sun05.cern.ch |date=2009-02-07 |url=http://na47sun05.cern.ch/target/outline/dilref.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208194054/http://na47sun05.cern.ch/target/outline/dilref.html |archive-date=2010-02-08 |url-status=dead |access-date=2025-04-17}}</ref>