Editing Glasgow (section)

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Glasgow|Geography of Glasgow#Demographics}}
{{further|Glasgow effect}}

===Population===
[[File:Greater Glasgow population density map, 2011 census.png|thumb|upright=1.3|Greater Glasgow population density map]]

In the 1950s, the population of the City of Glasgow area peaked at 1,089,000. Glasgow was then one of the most densely populated cities in the world. After the 1960s, clearances of poverty-stricken inner city areas like the [[Gorbals]] and relocation to "[[New town#United Kingdom|new towns]]" such as [[East Kilbride]] and [[Cumbernauld]] led to population decline. In addition, the boundaries of the city were changed twice during the late-twentieth century, making direct comparisons difficult.

The urban area continues to expand beyond the city council boundaries into surrounding suburban areas, encompassing around {{cvt|400|sqmi|km2|-1}} of all adjoining suburbs, if [[commuter town]]s and villages are included.<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/agglo/ United Kingdom: Agglomerations] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929223604/https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/agglo/ |date=29 September 2020}}, CityPopulation.de</ref> There are two distinct definitions for the population of Glasgow: the '''Glasgow City Council Area''' which lost the districts of [[Rutherglen]] and [[Cambuslang]] to [[South Lanarkshire]] in 1996, and the '''[[Greater Glasgow]] Urban Area''' which includes the conurbation around the city (however in the 2016 definitions<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/cities/ua/ United Kingdom: Countries and Major Urban Areas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601080826/http://citypopulation.de/UK-UA.html |date=1 June 2019}}, CityPopulation.de</ref> the aforementioned Rutherglen and Cambuslang were included along with the likes of [[Paisley, Renfrewshire|Paisley]], [[Clydebank]], [[Newton Mearns]], [[Bearsden]] and [[Stepps]] but not others with no continuity of populated postcodes – although in some cases the gap is small – the excluded nearby settlements including [[Barrhead]], [[Erskine, Renfrewshire|Erskine]] and [[Kirkintilloch]] plus a large swathe of Lanarkshire which had been considered contiguous with Glasgow in previous definitions: the '[[List of cities and towns in Scotland|settlements]]' named Coatbridge & Airdrie, Hamilton and Motherwell & Wishaw, each containing a number of distinct smaller localities).<ref name="NRS"/>

{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" width="100%"
|+ Population
|-
!Location
!Population
!Area
!Density
|-
|'''Glasgow City Council Area'''<ref name=gro>{{cite web |url=http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files/05mype-cahb-t9.xls |title=Mid-2005 Population Estimates Scotland – Table 9 Land area and population density, by administrative area: 30&nbsp;June&nbsp;2005 |publisher=General Register Office for Scotland |access-date=9 July 2007 |format=Microsoft Excel |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927205644/http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files/05mype-cahb-t9.xls |archive-date=27 September 2007}}</ref>
|592,820
|{{cvt|67.76|sqmi|km2}}
|{{cvt|8541.8|/sqmi|/km2}}
|-
|'''Greater Glasgow Urban Area'''<ref name="NRS"/>
|985,290
|{{cvt|265|km2|sqmi}}
|{{cvt|3,775|/km2|/sqmi}}
|-
|colspan="5" style="text-align: center;" |<small>'''Source:''' ''Scotland's Census Results Online''<ref>{{cite web |author=scrol.gov.uk/ |url=http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/analyser/analyser?topicId=1&tableId=&tableName=Population+density&selectedTopicId=&aggregated=false&subject=&tableNumber=&selectedLevelId=&postcode=&areaText=&RADIOLAYER=&actionName=view-results&clearAreas=&stateData1=&stateData2=&stateData3=&stateData4=&debug=&tempData1=&tempData2=&tempData3=&tempData4=&areaId=17&levelId=1 |title=''2001 Census'' |access-date=9 July 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927212649/http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/analyser/analyser?topicId=1&tableId=&tableName=Population+density&selectedTopicId=&aggregated=false&subject=&tableNumber=&selectedLevelId=&postcode=&areaText=&RADIOLAYER=&actionName=view-results&clearAreas=&stateData1=&stateData2=&stateData3=&stateData4=&debug=&tempData1=&tempData2=&tempData3=&tempData4=&areaId=17&levelId=1 |archive-date=27 September 2007}}</ref></small>
|}
Glasgow's population influx in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was related to economic expansion as well as internally generated growth with the vast majority of newcomers to the city from outside Scotland being from [[Ireland]], especially the north western counties of [[County Donegal|Donegal]], [[County Fermanagh|Fermanagh]], [[County Tyrone|Tyrone]] and [[County Londonderry|Londonderry]]. In the 1881 UK Census, 83% of the population was born in Scotland, 13% in Ireland, 3% in England and 1% elsewhere. By 1911, the city was no longer gaining population by migration. The demographic percentages in the 1951 UK census were: born in Scotland 93%, Ireland 3%, England 3% and elsewhere 1%.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> In the early twentieth century, many [[Lithuanian people|Lithuanian]] refugees began to settle in Glasgow and at its height in the 1950s; there were around 10,000 in the Glasgow area.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/g2/story/0,,1692714,00.html |title=Lithuanians in Glasgow |date=23 January 2006 |work=The Guardian |access-date=9 July 2007 |location=London |archive-date=22 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122084725/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/jan/23/britishidentity.features117 |url-status=live}}</ref> Many [[Italian Scots]] also settled in Glasgow, originating from provinces like [[Frosinone]] in [[Lazio]] and [[Lucca]] in north-west [[Tuscany]] at this time, many originally working as "[[Hokey pokey (ice cream)|Hokey Pokey]]" men.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gray |first1=Alastair |last2=Moffat |first2=William |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GGhvmMCbQLUC&pg=PA39 |title=A History of Scotland |chapter=Departures and Arrivals |access-date=9 July 2007 |page=39 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=1989 |edition=Rev |orig-year=1985 |isbn=978-0199170630 |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801230846/https://books.google.com/books?id=GGhvmMCbQLUC&pg=PA39 |url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" width="100%"
|+ Historical population and city limits
|-
! data-sort-type="year"| Year<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.glasgow.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/E3BE21DA-4D84-4CC4-9C02-2E526FDD9169/0/4population.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703130648/http://www.glasgow.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/E3BE21DA-4D84-4CC4-9C02-2E526FDD9169/0/4population.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 July 2007 |title=Factsheet 4 – population |publisher=Glasgow City Council}} and {{cite web |url=http://www.glasgowguide.co.uk/info-facts1.html |title=Glasgow Population and Size |website=glasgowguide.co.uk |access-date=13 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991005005820/http://www.glasgowguide.co.uk/info-facts1.html |archive-date=5 October 1999 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
! Population
! Area <br /> (km<sup>2</sup>)
! Density <br /> (inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>)
! Area changes
|- align="center"
| 1300 || 1,500 || -<ref>unknown</ref> || – || Initial
|- align="center"
| 1600 || 7,000 || – || – || Unknown
|- align="center"
| 1791 || 66,000 || 7.16 || 9,217 || Anderson to James Street/West Nile Street to Camlachie
|- align="center"
| 1831 || 202,426 || 8.83 || 22,924 || Necropolis and Blythswood
|- align="center"
| 1846 || 280,000 || 23.44 || 11,945 || Burghs of Anderston and Calton/Barony of Gorbals
|- align="center"
| 1872 || 494,824 || 24.42 || 20,263 || Districts of Keppochhill, Alexandra Parade and the new Glasgow University grounds
|- align="center"
| 1891 || 658,073 || 48.00 || 13,709 || Burghs of Govanhill, Crosshill, Pollokshields, Maryhill and Hillhead. Districts of Mount Florida, <br /> Langside, Shawlands, Kelvinside, Possilpark, Springburn, Coplawhill and the rest of Gorbals
|- align="center"
| 1901 || 761,712 || 51.35 || 14,833 || Bellahouston Park and Craigton. Districts of Blackhill, Shawfield and the east end of Glasgow Green
|- align="center"
| 1912 || 800,000 || 77.63 || 10,305 || Burghs of Govan, Partick, Pollokshaws. Districts of Shettleston, Tollcross, West of Govan, Cathcart, <br /> Newlands, West of Partick, Dawsholm, Temple and Knightswood.
|- align="center"
| 1921 || 1,034,174 || 77.63 || 13,321 || No change
|- align="center"
| 1926 || 1,090,380 || 119.42 || 9,130 || Districts of Lambhill, Millerston, Aikenhead, Mansewood, Kennishead, Carntyne, Cardonald, Robroyston, <br /> Nitshill, Hurlet, Crookston, Cardonald, Scotstoun, Yoker and Knightswood.
|- align="center"
| 1938 || 1,127,825 || 160.77 || 7,015 || Districts of Balmuildy, Auchinairn, Cardowan, Gartloch, Queenslie, Linn Park, Jenny Lind, Easterhouse, <br /> Darnley, Penilee, Drumry, Drumchapel, Summerston, Hogganfield and Carntyne
|- align="center"
| 1946 || 1,050,000 || 160.77 || 6,531 || No change
|- align="center"
| 1951 || 1,089,555 || 160.77 || 6,777 || No change
|- align="center"
| 1961 || 1,055,017 || 160.77 || 6,562 || No change
|- align="center"
| 1971 || 897,485 || 160.77 || 5,582 || No change
|- align="center"
| 1981 || 774,068 || 202.35 || 3,825 || Burghs of Rutherglen, Cambuslang, Mount Vernon, Baillieston.
|- align="center"
| 1991 || 688,600 || 202.67 || 3,397 || Minor boundary change
|- align="center"
| 2001 || 586,710 || 177.30 || 3,309 || Rutherglen and Cambuslang transferred to South Lanarkshire.
|- align="center"
| 2011 || 599,650 || 174.70 || 3,432 || Minor boundary change
|}

===Ethnicity===
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" width="100%"
|+ Ethnic Groups 
|-
!rowspan="2"|Ethnic Group
! colspan="2" |1976 estimations
! colspan="2" |1981 estimations<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1985 |title=Ethnic minorities in Britain: statistical information on the pattern of settlement |url=https://jstor.org/stable/community.28327806 |journal=Commission for Racial Equality |language=English |pages=Table 2.2|last1= Equality|first1= Commission for Racial}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1991<ref name=":412">As UK Census data post 2001 is unavailable through the ONS website, it has been [https://www.ons.gov.uk/census/2011census/2011censusdata/censusdata18011991 recommended] to use archival census collection websites to obtain data. Data is taken from United Kingdom [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/index.htm Casweb Data services] of the United Kingdom [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm 1991 Census on Ethnic Data for Scotland.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405213012/http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm |date=2022-04-05 }} (Table 6)</ref><ref name=":422">Office of Population Censuses and Surveys; General Register Office for Scotland; Registrar General for Northern Ireland (1997): 1991 Census aggregate data. UK Data Service (Edition: 1997). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5257/census/aggregate-1991-1 This information is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence</ref>
!colspan="2"|2001<ref name="scotland2001">{{cite web |title=Briefing Paper 2011 Census – Release 2A – Results for Glasgow City |publisher=Glasgow City Council |date=17 October 2013 |url=http://www.glasgow.gov.uk/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=16943&p=0 |access-date=22 January 2014 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924022419/http://www.glasgow.gov.uk/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=16943&p=0 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
!colspan="2"|2011<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/ods-web/standard-outputs.html |title=Scotland's Census 2011&nbsp;– Table KS201SC |publisher=scotlandscensus.gov.uk |access-date=3 November 2015 }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2022<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/ |access-date=2024-05-21 |website=Scotland's Census |language=en}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!
!
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
![[White people|White]]: Total
!–
!–
!729,092
!97.9%
!641,336
!96.75%
!546,359
!94.55%
!524,561
!88.42%
!501,029
!80.71%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Scottish people|Scottish]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
| –
| –|| 503,614 || 87.15% || 466,241 || 78.59% || 416,634 || 67.12%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White British|Other British]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
| –
| –|| 20,934 || 3.62% || 24,154 || 4.07% || 35,011 || 5.64%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Irish Briton|Irish]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|10,384
|1.56%|| 11,467 || 1.98% || 11,228 || 1.89% || 11,130 ||1.79%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Irish Traveller|Gypsy/Traveller]]{{efn| name="NewCensCat"|New category created for the 2011 census}}
|–
|–
|–
|–
| –
| –|| –|| –|| 407 || 0.07% || 201 ||0.03%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Poles in the United Kingdom|Polish]]{{efn| name="NewCensCat"}}
|–
|–
|–
|–
| –
| –|| –|| –|| 8,406 || 1.42% || 12,183 || 1.96%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Other (United Kingdom Census)|Other]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
| –
| –|| 10,344 || 1.79% || 14,125 || 2.38% || 25,870 ||4.17%
|-
![[Asian people|Asian]], [[Asian-Scots|Asian Scottish]] or [[British Asian|Asian British]]: Total
!12,000<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McEvoy |first=David |date=1978-12-01 |title=The segregation of Asian immigrants in Glasgow: A note |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/00369227808736406 |journal=Scottish Geographical Magazine |volume=94 |issue=3 |pages=180–182 |doi=10.1080/00369227808736406 |issn=0036-9225|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
!1.3%
!–
!–
!18,242
!2.75%
!25,636
!4.44%
!47,758
!8.05%
!68,793
!11.08%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Indian|Indian]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|3,374
|0.5%|| 4,173 || 0.72% || 8,640 || 1.46% || 13,990 || 2.25%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Pakistani|Pakistani]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|10,945
|1.65%|| 15,330 || 2.65% || 22,405 || 3.78% || 30,912 ||4.98%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Bangladeshi|Bangladeshi]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|191
| –|| 237 || 0.04% || 458 || 0.08% || 954 ||0.15%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Chinese|Chinese]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|2,780
|0.41%|| 3,876 || 0.67% || 10,689 || 1.80% ||14,300 ||2.30%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Asian|Asian Other]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|952
|0.14%|| 2,020 || 0.35% || 5,566 || 0.94% || 8,640 ||1.39%
|-
![[Black people|Black]], [[Black Scottish people|Black Scottish]] or [[Black British]]{{efn| name="NewCensCat"}}
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–
!1,792
!0.31%
!–
!–
!–
!–
|-
![[Black people|African]]: Total
!–
!–
!–
!–
!489
!–
!–
!–
!12,440
!2.10%
!22,272
!3.59%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | African: [[Black people|African]], [[Black Scottish people|African Scottish]] or [[Black British|African British]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|489
| –||   –||   –|| 12,298 || 2.07% ||2,798 || 0.45%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | African: [[Black British|Other African]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
| –
| –||   –||   –|| 142 || 0.02% ||19,474 ||3.14%
|-
![[British African-Caribbean community|Caribbean]] or [[Black British|Black]]: Total
!–
!–
!–
!–
!709
!–
!–
!–
!1,806
!0.30%
!1,471
!0.24%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | [[British African-Caribbean community|Caribbean]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|220
| ||   –||   –|| 783 || 0.13% || 335 || 0.05%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | [[Black British|Black]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
| –
| –||   –||   –|| 820 || 0.14% || 96 || 0.02%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Caribbean or Black: [[Other Black|Other]] 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|489
| ||   –||   –|| 203 || 0.03% || 1,033 || 0.17%
|-
![[British Mixed|Mixed or multiple ethnic groups]]: Total
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–
!2,046
!0.35%
!2,879
!0.49%
!10,624
!1.71%
|-
!Other: Total
!–
!–
!–
!–
!1,840
!0.27%
!2,036
!0.35%
!3,801
!0.64%
!16,571
!2.67%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Other: [[British Arabs|Arab]]{{efn| name="NewCensCat"}} 
|–
|–
|–
|–
| –
| –||  –||  –|| 2,631 || 0.44% || 8,671 || 1.40%
|-
|style="text-align:left" | Other: Any other ethnic group 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|1,840
|0.27%|| 2,036 || 0.35% || 1,170 || 0.20% || 7,903 || 1.27%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Non-White: Total
!–
!–
!15,286
!2.1%
!21,517
!3.25%
!31,510
!5.45%
!68,684
!11.58%
!119,726
!19.29%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Total:
!–
!–
!744,378 
!100%
!662,853
!100%
!577,869
!100%
!593,245
!100%
!620,756
!100%
|}

In the 1960s and 1970s, many [[Asians]] also settled in Glasgow, mainly in the [[Pollokshields]] area. These number 30,000 [[Pakistani people|Pakistanis]], 15,000 [[Indian people|Indians]] and 3,000 [[Bangladeshi people|Bangladeshis]] as well as [[Cantonese people|Chinese]] people, many of whom settled in the [[Garnethill]] area of the city.<ref>{{cite book |title=Understanding Processes of Ethnic Concentration and Dispersal: South Asian Residential Preferences in Glasgow |url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Understanding_Processes_of_Ethnic_Concen/X24bDPbK2gQC |first1=Jennifer Leigh |last1=McGarrigle |date=2010 |isbn=9789053566718 |publisher=Amsterdam University Press}}</ref> The city is also home to some 8,406 (1.42%) [[Polish people|Poles]].<ref name=crer>{{cite web |url=http://www.crer.org.uk/Census/GCCCensus2011.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170403043038/http://www.crer.org.uk/Census/GCCCensus2011.pdf |archive-date=3 April 2017 |title=2011 Population census data |website=crer.org.uk}}</ref> Since 2000, the UK government has pursued a policy of dispersal of [[Immigration to the United Kingdom since 1922|asylum seekers]] to ease pressure on social housing in the [[London]] area. In 2023, 88% of the near 5,100 asylum seekers in the whole of Scotland were living in Glasgow.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ethnic minorities: population composition |url=https://www.scotpho.org.uk/population-groups/ethnic-minorities/data/population-composition/ |publisher=The Scottish Public Health Observatory |access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Asylum and resettlement datasets |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/asylum-and-resettlement-datasets |website=gov.uk |date=24 August 2023 |publisher=Home Office |access-date=24 August 2023}}</ref>

Since the [[United Kingdom Census 2001]] the population decline has been reversed. The population was static for a time; but due to migration from other parts of Scotland as well as immigration from overseas, the population has begun to grow. The population of the city council area was 593,245 in 2011<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Bulletin |url=http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release1a/rel1asb.pdf |publisher=National Records of Scotland |access-date=17 October 2013 |date=17 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017045500/http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release1a/rel1asb.pdf |archive-date=17 October 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and around 2,300,000 people live in the Glasgow [[travel to work area]].<ref name=spt>{{cite web |url=http://www.spt.co.uk/Publications/interchange/issue07.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613072504/http://www.spt.co.uk/Publications/interchange/issue07.html |archive-date=13 June 2007 |title=Minister backs SPT on White Paper |date=September 2004 |website=Interchange Issue 7 |publisher=Strathclyde Partnership for Transport |access-date=9 July 2007}}</ref> This area is defined as consisting of more than 10% of residents travelling into Glasgow to work and is without fixed boundaries.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2003/01/15950/15151 |title=Review of Scotland's Cities&nbsp;– Transport within the City and the City-Region |publisher=Scottish Executive |access-date=12 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012032819/http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2003/01/15950/15151 |archive-date=12 October 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The population density of London following the 2011 census was recorded as 5,200 people per square kilometre, while 3,395 people per square kilometre were registered in Glasgow.<ref name="Dense">{{cite web |title=News: Census 2011: Population estimates for Scotland |url=http://www.nas.gov.uk/about/121217.asp |website=The National Archives of Scotland |publisher=The National Records of Scotland |access-date=17 October 2013 |date=17 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018010142/http://www.nas.gov.uk/about/121217.asp |archive-date=18 October 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Rogers |first=Simon |title=2011 census results: how many people live in your local authority? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/datablog/2012/jul/16/2011-census-results-data# |access-date=17 October 2013 |newspaper=The Guardian |date=16 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019114121/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/datablog/2012/jul/16/2011-census-results-data |archive-date=19 October 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1931, the population density was {{cvt|16166|/sqmi|/km2}}, highlighting the "clearances" into the suburbs and new towns that were built to reduce the size of one of Europe's most densely populated cities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.demographia.com/db-glasgow.htm |title=Glasgow: Population & Density 1891–2001 |website=Demographia |publisher=Wendell Cox Consultancy |access-date=12 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123122852/http://demographia.com/db-glasgow.htm |archive-date=23 November 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2005, Glasgow had the lowest [[life expectancy]] of any UK city at 72.9 years.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4494051.stm |title=Life expectancy gap "widening" |date=29 April 2005 |work=BBC News |access-date=28 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618014237/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4494051.stm |archive-date=18 June 2006 |url-status=live}}</ref> Much was made of this during the [[2008 Glasgow East by-election]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7524663.stm |title=How serious is defeat for Brown? |last=Walker |first=Carole |date=25 July 2008 |work=BBC News |access-date=28 August 2008 |archive-date=22 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122084752/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/7524663.stm |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2008, a [[World Health Organization]] report about health inequalities revealed that male life expectancy varied from 54 years in [[Calton, Glasgow|Calton]] to 82 years in nearby [[Lenzie]], [[East Dunbartonshire]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/7584056.stm#Life%20expectancy |title=Social factors key to ill health |date=28 August 2008 |work=BBC News |access-date=28 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080830045119/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/7584056.stm#Life%20expectancy |archive-date=30 August 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/glasgow_and_west/7584450.stm |title=GP explains life expectancy gap |date=28 August 2008 |work=BBC News |access-date=28 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080831042711/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/glasgow_and_west/7584450.stm |archive-date=31 August 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Religion===
Glasgow is a city of significant religious diversity. As per the 2022 census, the largest group with 43 % has no religion followed by the [[Roman Catholicism in Scotland|Roman Catholic Church]] which represents nearly 21 % of the population.

The following table shows the religion of respondents in the 2001, 2011 and 2022 censuses in Glasgow.

{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" width="100%"
|-
!rowspan="2"|Current religion
!colspan="2"|2001<ref name="scotland2001"/>||colspan="2"|2011<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/ods-web/standard-outputs.html |title=Scotland's Census 2011&nbsp;– Table KS209SCb |publisher=scotlandscensus.gov.uk |accessdate=3 November 2015 }}</ref>||colspan="2"|2022<ref name="2022census_Scot">{{cite web |url=https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/media/trbdxzme/scotland-s-census-2022-ethnic-group-national-identity-language-and-religion-chart-data.xlsx |title=Scotland's Census 2022 - Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion - Chart data |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=21 May 2024 |website=Scotland's Census |publisher=[[National Records of Scotland]] |access-date=21 May 2024 }} [https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/search-by Alternative URL] 'Search data by location' > 'Local Authority (CA2019)' > 'Glasgow City' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Religion'</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|Christianity||align=right|'''374,393'''||align=right|'''64.79%'''||align=right|'''322,954'''||align=right|'''54.44%'''||align=right|'''240,337'''||align=right|'''38.72%'''
|-
|–[[Catholic Church in Scotland|Roman Catholic]]||align=right|168,733||align=right|29.20%||align=right|161,685||align=right|27.25%||align=right|128,743||align=right|20.74%
|-
|–[[Church of Scotland]]||align=right|182,172||align=right|31.52%||align=right|136,889||align=right|23.07%||align=right|82,585||align=right|13.30%
|-
|–Other Christian||align=right|23,488||align=right|4.06%||align=right|24,380||align=right|4.11%||align=right|29,009||align=right|4.67%
|-
|[[Islam in Scotland|Islam]]||align=right|17,792||align=right|3.08%||align=right|32,117||align=right|5.41%||align=right|48,766||align=right|7.86%
|-
|[[Hinduism in Scotland|Hinduism]]||align=right|1,209||align=right|0.21%||align=right|4,074||align=right|0.69%||align=right|8,166||align=right|1.32%
|-
|[[Buddhism in Scotland|Buddhism]]||align=right|1,194||align=right|0.21%||align=right|2,570||align=right|0.43%||align=right|2,854||align=right|0.46%
|-
|[[Sikhism in Scotland|Sikhism]]||align=right|2,374||align=right|0.41%||align=right|3,149||align=right|0.53%||align=right|3,456||align=right|0.56%
|-
|[[History of the Jews in Scotland|Judaism]]||align=right|1,083||align=right|0.19%||align=right|897||align=right|0.15%||align=right|973||align=right|0.16%
|-
|[[Modern paganism in the United Kingdom|Paganism]]{{efn|name="new 2022 category"|New category created for the 2022 census}}||{{n/a}}||{{n/a}}||{{n/a}}||{{n/a}}||align=right|2,001||align=right|0.32%
|-
|Other religion||align=right|3,799||align=right|0.66%||align=right|1,599||align=right|0.27%||align=right|1,817||align=right|0.29%
|-
|[[Irreligion in the United Kingdom|No religion]]||align=right|131,189||align=right|22.70%||align=right|183,835||align=right|30.99%||align=right|268,327||align=right|43.23%
|-
|Religion not stated||align=right|44,836||align=right|7.76%||align=right|42,050||align=right|7.09%||align=right|44,076||align=right|7.10%
|-
|'''No religion/Not stated total'''||align=right|'''176,025'''||align=right|'''30.46%'''||align=right|'''225,885'''||align=right|'''38.08%'''||align=right|'''312,403'''||align=right|'''50.33%'''
|-
|'''Total population'''||align=right|'''577,869'''||align=right|'''100.00%'''||align=right|'''593,245'''||align=right|'''100.00%'''||align=right|'''620,756'''||align=right|'''100.00%'''
|}

{{multiple image
| caption_align     = center
| header_align      = center
| align             = left
| direction         = horizontal
| width             = 210
| header            = Protestant/Catholic affiliation in Glasgow (2011 census)
| image1            = Church Of Scotland Glasgow 2011 census.png
| caption1          = Church of Scotland
| image2            = Roman Catholic Glasgow 2011 Census.png
| caption2          = Roman Catholic
}}

There are 147 congregations in the Church of Scotland's [[Presbytery of Glasgow (Church of Scotland)|Presbytery of Glasgow]] (of which 104 are within the city boundaries, the other 43 being in adjacent areas).<ref>''Church of Scotland Yearbook 2008–09'', {{ISBN|978-0861533848}}</ref> Within the city boundaries there are 65 parishes of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Glasgow]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rcag.org.uk/index.php/the-archdiocese/parishes |title=Parishes |website=www.rcag.org.uk |access-date=7 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529182730/http://www.rcag.org.uk/index.php/the-archdiocese/parishes |archive-date=29 May 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and four parishes of the [[Diocese of Motherwell]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rcdom.org.uk/parish-list |title=Diocese of Motherwell |website=Diocese of Motherwell |access-date=7 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022003424/http://www.rcdom.org.uk/parish-list |archive-date=22 October 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The city has four Christian [[cathedral]]s: [[Glasgow Cathedral]], of the Church of Scotland; [[St Andrew's Cathedral, Glasgow|St Andrew's Cathedral]], of the Roman Catholic Church; [[St. Mary's Cathedral, Glasgow|St Mary's Cathedral]], of the [[Scottish Episcopal Church]], and [[St Luke's Orthodox Cathedral, Glasgow|St Luke's Cathedral]], of the [[Greek Orthodox Church]]. The Baptist Church and Salvation Army are well represented.

Much of the city's Roman Catholic population are those of [[Irish-Scottish people|Irish ancestry]].

[[File:Glasgow-cathedral-may-2007.jpg|thumb|right|Glasgow Cathedral marks the site where [[Saint Mungo]] built his church and established Glasgow.]]

[[Biblical Unitarianism|Biblical unitarians]] are represented by three [[Christadelphian]] ecclesias, referred to geographically, as "South",<ref>"[http://www.searchforhope.org/glasgowsouth Glasgow South Christadelphian Ecclesia] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429080858/http://www.searchforhope.org/glasgowsouth |date=29 April 2011}}" on searchforhope.org</ref> "Central"<ref>"[http://www.searchforhope.org/glasgowcentral Glasgow Central Christadelphian Ecclesia] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429032620/http://www.searchforhope.org/glasgowcentral |date=29 April 2011}}" on searchforhope.org</ref> and "Kelvin".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.glasgowkelvin.org.uk/index.html?lm=1&op=3 |title=Location |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430153339/http://www.glasgowkelvin.org.uk/index.html?lm=1&op=3 |archive-date=30 April 2011 |website=glasgowkelvin.org.uk}}</ref>

The [[Sikh]] community is served by four [[Gurdwaras]]. Two are situated in the West End (''Central Gurdwara Singh Sabha'' in [[Sandyford, Glasgow|Sandyford]] and ''Guru Nanak Sikh Temple'' in [[Kelvinbridge]]) and two in the Southside area of [[Pollokshields]] (''Guru Granth Sahib Gurdwara'' and ''Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Gurdwara''). In 2013, Scotland's first purpose-built Gurdwara opened in a massive opening ceremony. Built at a cost of £3.8M, it can hold 1,500 worshippers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-22300608 |title=Glasgow Gurdwara: £3.8m Sikh temple prepares to open its doors |publisher=BBC |date=26 April 2013 |access-date=5 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429151942/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-22300608 |archive-date=29 April 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Central Gurdwara is currently constructing a new building in the city. There are almost 10,000 Sikhs in Scotland and the majority live in Glasgow.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2005/11/08142443/24477 |title=Faith Communities and Local Government in Glasgow |publisher=The Scottish Government |access-date=12 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430111503/http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2005/11/08142443/24477 |archive-date=30 April 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Glasgow Central Mosque]] in the Gorbals district is the largest mosque in Scotland and, along with twelve other mosques in the city, caters for the city's Muslim population, estimated to number 33,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mcb.org.uk/library/statistics.php |title=MCB Muslim Population |publisher=Mcb.org.uk |access-date=12 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301160230/http://www.mcb.org.uk/library/statistics.php |archive-date=1 March 2009}}</ref> Glasgow also has a Hindu [[mandir]].

Glasgow has seven synagogues, including the Romanesque-revival [[Garnethill Synagogue]] in the city centre. Glasgow currently has the seventh largest Jewish population in the United Kingdom after [[London]], [[Manchester]], [[Leeds]], [[Gateshead]], [[Brighton]] and [[Bournemouth]] but once had a Jewish population second only to London, estimated at 20,000 in the Gorbals alone.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/Community/glasgow.htm |title=Glasgow Jewish Community |publisher=JewishGen.org |access-date=12 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923115317/http://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/Community/glasgow.htm |archive-date=23 September 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1993, the [[St Mungo Museum of Religious Life and Art]] opened in Glasgow. It is believed to be the only public museum to examine all the world's major religious faiths.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seeglasgow.com/seeglasgow/museums-and-galleriesnew/history-and-heritage-/st-mungo-museum |title=St Mungo Museum of Religious Life and Art |publisher=Seeglasgow.com |access-date=12 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129155747/http://www.seeglasgow.com/seeglasgow/museums-and-galleriesnew/history-and-heritage-/st-mungo-museum |archive-date=29 January 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.clyde-valley.com/Glasgow/mungomus.htm |title=St. Mungo Museum |publisher=Clyde-valley.com |access-date=12 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805205723/http://www.clyde-valley.com/Glasgow/mungomus.htm |archive-date=5 August 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>