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==Classification==<!-- This section is linked from [[American and British English differences]] --> {{main|List of Germanic languages}} Note that divisions between and among subfamilies of Germanic are rarely precisely defined; most form continuous clines, with adjacent [[variety (linguistics)|varieties]] being mutually intelligible and more separated ones not. Within the Germanic language family are [[East Germanic]], [[West Germanic]], and [[North Germanic]]. However, East Germanic languages became extinct several centuries ago.{{When|date=July 2022}} [[File:Germanic Languages Map Europe.png|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Germanic languages and main dialect groups]] All living Germanic languages belong either to the [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]] or to the [[North Germanic languages|North Germanic]] branch. The West Germanic group is the larger by far, further subdivided into [[Anglo-Frisian]] on one hand and [[Continental West Germanic]] on the other. Anglo-Frisian notably includes English and all its [[English language|variants]], while Continental West Germanic includes German ([[Standard German|standard register]] and [[German dialects|dialects]]), as well as Dutch ([[Standard Dutch|standard register]] and [[Dutch dialects|dialects]]). East Germanic includes most notably the extinct Gothic and Crimean Gothic languages. Modern classification looks like this. For a full classification, see [[List of Germanic languages]]. {{tree list}} * '''Germanic''' ** [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]] *** [[High German languages]] (includes [[Standard German]] and [[German dialects|its dialects]]) **** [[Upper German]] ***** [[Alemannic German]] (includes [[Alsatian dialect|Alsatian]] and [[Swiss German]]) ***** [[Bavarian language|Bavarian]] ****** [[Mòcheno language]] ****** [[Cimbrian language|Cimbrian]] ****** [[Hutterite German]] **** [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]] **** [[High Franconian]] (a transitional dialect between Upper and Central German) **** [[Central German]] ***** [[East Central German]] ****** [[Wymysorys language|Wymysorys]] ***** [[West Central German]] ****** [[Luxembourgish language|Luxembourgish]] ****** [[Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]] ****** [[Hunsrik language|Hunsrik]] *** [[Low German]] **** [[West Low German]] **** [[East Low German]] **** [[Plautdietsch]] (Mennonite Low German) *** [[Low Franconian languages|Low Franconian]] **** [[Dutch language|Dutch]] and [[Dutch dialects|its dialects]] **** [[Afrikaans]] (a separate [[standard language]]) **** [[Limburgish language|Limburgish]] (an [[European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages|official minority *language]]) *** [[Anglo-Frisian languages|Anglo-Frisian]] **** [[Anglic languages|Anglic]] (or English) ***** [[English language|English]] and [[English dialects|its dialects]] ***** [[Scots language|Scots]] in Scotland and [[Ulster]] **** [[Frisian languages|Frisian]] *****[[West Frisian language|West Frisian]] *****[[East Frisian language|East Frisian]] ******[[Saterland Frisian language|Saterland Frisian]] (last remaining dialect of East Frisian) *****[[North Frisian language|North Frisian]] ** [[North Germanic languages|North Germanic]] *** West Scandinavian **** [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] (of Western branch origin, but heavily influenced by the Eastern branch) **** [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] **** [[Faroese language|Faroese]] **** [[Elfdalian language|Elfdalian]] *** East Scandinavian **** [[Danish language|Danish]] **** [[Swedish language|Swedish]] ***** [[Dalecarlian dialects]] *** [[Modern Gutnish|Gutnish]] ** [[East Germanic languages|East Germanic]] *** [[Gothic language|Gothic]] {{extinct}} *** [[Burgundian language (Germanic)|Burgundian]] {{extinct}} *** [[Vandalic language|Vandalic]] {{extinct}} *** [[Crimean Gothic]] {{extinct}} {{tree list/end}}
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