Editing Edward Elgar (section)

==Honours, awards and commemorations==
[[File:Statue of Edward Elgar in Worcester.jpg|thumb|alt=outdoor statue of man in lounge suit and academic gown|Statue, [[Worcester, England|Worcester]] High Street]]
Elgar was knighted in 1904, and in 1911 he was appointed a member of the [[Order of Merit (United Kingdom)|Order of Merit]]. In 1920 he received the Cross of Commander of the Belgian [[Order of the Crown (Belgium)|Order of the Crown]]; in 1924 he was made [[Master of the King's Musick]];<!-- Note: "Musick" is not a typo. It was the correct spelling of the title until changed in 1975. --> the following year he received the Gold Medal of the Royal Philharmonic Society; and in 1928 he was appointed a [[Knight Commander]] of the [[Royal Victorian Order]] (KCVO). Between 1900 and 1931, Elgar received honorary degrees from the Universities of [[University of Cambridge|Cambridge]], [[Durham University|Durham]], [[University of Leeds|Leeds]], [[University of Oxford|Oxford]], [[Yale]] (USA), [[University of Aberdeen|Aberdeen]], [[University of Pittsburgh|Western Pennsylvania]] (USA), Birmingham and [[University of London|London]]. Foreign academies of which he was made a member were Regia [[Accademia di Santa Cecilia]], Rome; Accademia del Reale Istituto Musicale, Florence; [[Académie des Beaux Arts]], Paris; [[Institut de France]]; and the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences|American Academy]]. In 1931 he was created a [[Baronet]], of Broadheath in the County of Worcester.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=33729 |date=26 June 1931 |page=4152 }}</ref> In 1933 he was promoted within the Royal Victorian Order to Knight Grand Cross (GCVO).<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=33946 |date=2 June 1933 |page=3805 }}; and [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/public/home.html?url=%2Fapp%3Fservice%3Dexternalpagemethod%26page%3DArticleDisplay%26method%3Dview%26sp%3DS%2Foupww%2Fwhowaswho%2FU209040&failReason=Err_UserPass_None+Err_IP_BadCred+Err_Athens_None+Err_Shib_None+Err_Referrer_BadCred+Err_LibCard_None "Elgar, Sir Edward"], {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724151422/http://www.ukwhoswho.com/public/home.html?url=%2Fapp%3Fservice=externalpagemethod&page=ArticleDisplay&method=view&sp=S%2Foupww%2Fwhowaswho%2FU209040&failReason=Err_UserPass_None+Err_IP_BadCred+Err_Athens_None+Err_Shib_None+Err_Referrer_BadCred+Err_LibCard_None |date=24 July 2011 }} ''Who Was Who'', A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edition, Oxford University Press, December 2007. Retrieved 3 June 2010 (requires subscription)</ref> In Kennedy's words, he "shamelessly touted" for a [[peerage]], but in vain.<ref name=dnb/> In ''Who's Who'', post-First World War, he claimed to have been awarded "several [[Russian Empire|Imperial Russian]] and German decorations (lapsed)".<ref>{{cite book|title=Who's Who, 1934|publisher=A and C Black|page=1050}} None are among the collection at the Elgar Birthplace museum. The Imperial Russian and German monarchies which would have awarded them had fallen by end 1918.</ref> Elgar was offered, but declined, the office of [[Mayor of Hereford]] (despite not being a member of its city council) when he lived in the city in 1905.<ref name=y131/> The same year he was made an honorary freeman of the city of Worcester.<ref name=y131>Young (1973), p. 131</ref>

The house in Lower Broadheath where Elgar was born is now the [[Elgar Birthplace Museum]], devoted to his life and work. Elgar's daughter, Carice, helped to found the museum in 1936 and bequeathed to it much of her collection of Elgar's letters and documents on her death in 1970. Carice left Elgar manuscripts to musical colleges: ''The Black Knight'' to [[Trinity College of Music]]; ''King Olaf'' to the [[Royal Academy of Music]]; ''The Music Makers'' to Birmingham University; the Cello Concerto to the [[Royal College of Music]]; ''The Kingdom'' to the [[Bodleian Library]]; and other manuscripts to the [[British Library|British Museum]].<ref>''The Musical Times'', December 1970, p. 1211</ref> The Elgar Society dedicated to the composer and his works was formed in 1951.<ref>[https://elgarsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/50annum.pdf "Half Century"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120074640/http://www.elgarsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/50annum.pdf |date=20 January 2023 }}, Elgar Society, 2001</ref>

Elgar's statue at the end of Worcester High Street stands facing the cathedral, only yards from where his father's shop once stood. Another statue of the composer by [[Rose Garrard]] is at the top of Church Street in [[Malvern, Worcestershire|Malvern]], overlooking the town and giving visitors an opportunity to stand next to the composer in the shadow of the Hills that he so often regarded. In September 2005, a third statue sculpted by Jemma Pearson was unveiled near [[Hereford Cathedral]] in honour of his many musical and other associations with the city. It depicts Elgar with his bicycle. From 1999 until early 2007, new [[British banknotes|Bank of England twenty pound notes]] featured a portrait of Elgar. The change to remove his image generated controversy, particularly because 2007 was the 150th anniversary of Elgar's birth. From 2007 the Elgar notes were phased out, ceasing to be [[legal tender]] on 30 June 2010.<ref>Adams, Stephen, [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/7861063/20-Elgar-note-withdrawal-a-national-disgrace.html "£20 Elgar note withdrawal 'a national disgrace'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100702022429/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/7861063/20-Elgar-note-withdrawal-a-national-disgrace.html |date=2 July 2010 }}, ''The Daily Telegraph'', 29 June 2010</ref> There are around 65 roads in the UK named after Elgar, including six in the counties of [[Herefordshire]] and [[Worcestershire]].<ref name=bbc_bridge>Sinclair, Max, [https://www.bbc.co.uk/herefordandworcester/content/articles/2005/07/25/elgar_bridge_feature.shtml ''Elgar and the Bridge''], BBC Hereford and Worcester. Retrieved 2 June 2010.</ref> Elgar had three locomotives named in his honour.{{refn|The first was a [[GWR 3300 Class|''Bulldog'' class]] locomotive of the [[Great Western Railway]] (GWR): it was built in May 1906 as no. 3704, renumbered 3414 in December 1912, named "A. H. Mills" in July 1914, renamed "Sir Edward Elgar" in August 1932, and withdrawn from service in October 1938.<ref>{{harvnb|le Fleming|1954|pp=G26, G27}}</ref> The second was a [[GWR 4073 Class|"Castle" class]] locomotive, also of the GWR: it was built in June 1946 as no. 7005 "Lamphey Castle",<ref>{{harvnb|le Fleming|1953|p=H18}}</ref> renamed "Sir Edward Elgar" in August 1957 and withdrawn from service in September 1964.<ref>{{harvnb|Sterndale|Parker|Smith|Reed|1974|pp=M94, M101}}</ref> The third was a [[British Rail]] {{brc|50}} diesel locomotive: it was built in March 1968 as no. D407, renumbered 50 007 in the mid-1970s, named "Hercules" in April 1978, and renamed "Sir Edward Elgar" in February 1984.<ref>{{harvnb|Marsden|1984|pp=50–51}}</ref> The new nameplates were specially cast in the former GWR style.<ref name=bbc_bridge /> On 25 February 1984, this locomotive was officially named "Sir Edward Elgar" at [[London Paddington station|Paddington]] station in London by [[Simon Rattle]], then conductor of the [[City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra]].<ref>"The Times Diary", ''The Times'', 21 February 1984, p. 12</ref>|group= n}}

[[File:Elgar-Bicycle-Statue-by-Oliver-Dixon.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Modern statue of man with moustache in Edwardian cycling clothes holding the handlebar of an ordinary bicycle|Statue of Elgar with bicycle in Hereford]]
Elgar's life and music have inspired works of literature including the novel ''Gerontius''<ref name=service/> and several plays. ''Elgar's Rondo'', a 1993 stage play by [[David Pownall]] depicts the dead Jaeger offering ghostly advice on Elgar's musical development.<ref>Morrison, Richard, "Making notes of horror in the air", ''The Times'', 20 October 1993</ref> Pownall also wrote a radio play, ''Elgar's Third'' (1994);<ref>Kay, Jackie, "Radio: Where the dead have been", ''The Guardian'', 13 March 1994</ref> another Elgar-themed radio play is [[Alick Rowe]]'s ''The Dorabella Variation'' (2003).<ref>Billen, Stephanie, "OTV: Radio", ''The Observer'', 22 June 2003</ref> [[David Rudkin]]'s BBC television "[[Play for Today]]" ''[[Penda's Fen]]'' (1974)<ref>[http://www.vertigomagazine.co.uk/showarticle.php?sel=bac&siz=1&id=358 "Vertigo Magazine – Penda's Fen"]. Retrieved 18 November 2010; and [http://www.elidor.freeserve.co.uk/pendasfen.htm "Penda's Fen (BBC Birmingham, 1973)"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904102026/http://www.elidor.freeserve.co.uk/pendasfen.htm |date=4 September 2012 }} accessed 18 November 2010</ref> deals with themes including sex and adolescence, spying, and snobbery, with Elgar's music, chiefly ''The Dream of Gerontius'', as its background. In one scene, a ghostly Elgar whispers the secret of the "Enigma" tune to the youthful central character, with an injunction not to reveal it. ''Elgar on the Journey to Hanley'', a novel by [[Keith Alldritt]] (1979), tells of the composer's attachment to Dora Penny, later Mrs Powell, (depicted as "Dorabella" in the ''Enigma Variations'').<ref>Banfield, Stephen, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/962271 "Fictional Elgar"], ''The Musical Times'', October 1979, p. 830 {{subscription}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319060537/https://www.jstor.org/stable/962271 |date=19 March 2021 }}</ref>

Perhaps the best-known work depicting Elgar is [[Ken Russell]]'s 1962 BBC television film ''[[Elgar (film)|Elgar]]'', made when the composer was still largely out of fashion. This hour-long film contradicted the view of Elgar as a jingoistic and bombastic composer, and evoked the more pastoral and melancholy side of his character and music.<ref>Riley, Matthew, "Rustling Reeds and Lofty Pines: Elgar and the Music of Nature", ''19th-Century Music'', Volume 26, No. 2 (Autumn, 2002), pp. 155–77</ref>