Editing Dublin (section)

== Cityscape ==
===Areas===
====City centre====
The historic city centre of Dublin is encircled by the [[Royal Canal]] and [[Grand Canal (Ireland)|Grand Canal]], bounded to the west by [[Heuston railway station]] and [[Phoenix Park]], and to the east by the [[International Financial Services Centre, Dublin|IFSC]] and the [[Dublin Docklands|Docklands]]. [[O'Connell Street]] is the main thoroughfare of the inner city and many Dublin Bus routes, as well as the Green line of the [[Luas]], have a stop at O'Connell Street. The main shopping streets of the inner city include [[Henry Street, Dublin|Henry Street]] on the Northside, and [[Grafton Street]] on the Southside.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dublin |url=https://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g186605-Dublin_County_Dublin-Vacations.html |website=www.tripadvisor.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Brady |first1=Joseph |last2=Simms |first2=Anngret |title= Dublin : through space and time, c. 900-1900 |date=2001 |publisher= Four Courts Press, Dublin |isbn= 978-1851826100 |pages=12, 282}}</ref>
[[File:South Great George's Street Dublin.jpg|thumb|alt=Victorian Buildings on South Great George's Street, Dublin|Victorian-era buildings, such as the [[George's Street Arcade]], are common in the south inner city.]]
In some tourism and real-estate marketing contexts, inner Dublin is sometimes divided into a number of quarters.<ref name="quartersvisit">{{cite web | url = http://www.visitdublin.com/dublin-vibrant-city-quarters | publisher = VisitDublin.com | title = Dublin – A Vibrant City – Quarters | access-date = 22 February 2017 | archive-date = 7 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190107003038/https://www.visitdublin.com/CMSMessages/PageNotFound.aspx?aspxerrorpath=%2Fdublin-vibrant-city-quarters | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.thejournal.ie/dublin-launches-new-creative-quarter-for-city-centre-380795-Mar2012/ | newspaper = TheJournal.ie | title = Dublin launches new 'Creative Quarter' for city centre | date = 11 March 2012 | access-date = 22 February 2017 | archive-date = 7 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190107002837/https://www.thejournal.ie/article.php?id=380795 | url-status = live }}</ref> These include the Medieval Quarter (in the area of [[Dublin Castle]], [[Christ Church, Dublin|Christ Church]] and [[St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin|St Patrick's Cathedral]] and the old city walls),<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/welcome-to-medieval-quarter-26359647.html | title = Welcome to medieval quarter | date = 12 October 2006 | access-date = 22 February 2017 | archive-date = 23 February 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170223125020/http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/welcome-to-medieval-quarter-26359647.html | url-status = live }}</ref> the Georgian Quarter (including the area around St Stephen's Green, Trinity College, and [[Merrion Square]]), the Docklands Quarter (around the [[Dublin Docklands]] and [[Silicon Docks]]), the Cultural Quarter (around [[Temple Bar, Dublin|Temple Bar]]), and Creative Quarter (between South William Street and George's Street).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dublintown.ie/creativequarter|title=Dublin Town – Creative Quarter – DublinTown – What's On, Shopping & Events in Dublin City – Dublin Town|website=What's On, Shopping & Events in Dublin City – Dublin Town|access-date=13 November 2016|archive-date=7 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107003213/https://www.dublintown.ie/creativequarter/|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Suburbs====
[[File:Sandyford apts 1.jpg|thumb|alt=Apartment blocks in Sandyford, Dublin|High density apartments in [[Sandyford, Dublin|Sandyford]]]]
Dublin has dozens of suburbs; northside suburbs include [[Blanchardstown]], [[Finglas]], [[Ballymun]], [[Clontarf, Dublin|Clontarf]], [[Raheny]], [[Malahide]] and [[Howth]], while southside suburbs include [[Tallaght]], [[Sandyford, Dublin|Sandyford]], [[Templeogue]], [[Drimnagh]], [[Rathmines]], [[Dún Laoghaire]] and [[Dalkey]].

Starting in the late 2010s, there was a significant amount of high density residential developments in the suburbs of Dublin,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Günnewig-Mönert |first1=Maximilian |last2=Lyons |first2=Ronan C. |date=2024 |title=Housing prices, costs, and policy: The housing supply equation in Ireland since 1970 |journal=Real Estate Economics |language=en |volume=52 |issue=4 |pages=1075–1102 |doi=10.1111/1540-6229.12491 |issn=1540-6229|doi-access=free }}</ref> with mid to high-rise apartments being built in Sandyford,<ref name="aidanmurphy">{{cite news |last1=Murphy |first1=Aidan |title=Sandyford site with planning for over 450 homes makes €38m |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/commercial-property/sandyford-site-with-planning-for-over-450-homes-makes-38m-1.3804786 |access-date=12 December 2023 |publisher=The Irish Times |date=27 February 2019 |ref=aidanmurphy}}</ref> [[Ashtown, Dublin|Ashtown]],<ref name="ronaldquinlan">{{cite news |last1=Quinlan |first1=Ronald |title=Sean Mulryan's Ballymore delivers 'carbon cure' at 8th Lock apartments |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/property/commercial-property/2022/06/10/sean-mulryans-ballymore-delivers-carbon-cure-at-8th-lock-apartments/ |access-date=12 December 2023 |publisher=The Irish Times |date=15 June 2022 |ref=ronaldquinlan}}</ref> and Tallaght.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Escorihuela |first=Maria |date=2023-09-13 |title=Construction Starts on New Apartments at Belgard Square North, Tallaght {{!}} COADY Architects |url=https://coady.ie/construction-starts-on-new-apartments-at-belgard-square-north-tallaght/ |access-date=2024-04-10 |language=en-GB}}</ref>
[[File:Dublin - Molly Malone.jpg|thumb|[[Molly Malone]] statue]]

===Cultural divide===
A north–south division once, to some extent, traditionally existed, with the River Liffey as the divider.<ref name="northsouthmyth2">{{cite news |date=14 November 2012 |title=Time to move beyond the northside-southside myth |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]] |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/time-to-move-beyond-the-northside-southside-myth-1.551483 |url-status=live |access-date=17 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207005218/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/time-to-move-beyond-the-northside-southside-myth-1.551483 |archive-date=7 February 2018}}</ref> The southside was, in recent times, generally seen as being more affluent and genteel than the northside.<ref name="northsouthmyth2" /> There have also been some social divisions evident between the coastal suburbs in the east of the city, and the newer developments further to the west.{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}

===Landmarks===
{{Further|List of public art in Dublin}}
Dublin has many landmarks and monuments dating back hundreds of years. One of the oldest is [[Dublin Castle]], which was first founded as a major defensive work on the orders of England's [[John, King of England|King John]] in 1204, shortly after the [[Norman invasion of Ireland]] in 1169, when it was commanded that a castle be built with strong walls and good ditches for the defence of the city, the administration of justice, and the protection of the King's treasure.<ref name="history">{{cite book|last= McCarthy|first= Denis |author2=Benton, David |year= 2004|title= Dublin Castle: at the heart of Irish History|location= Dublin|publisher=Irish Government Stationery Office |pages= 12–18|isbn= 978-0-7557-1975-4}}</ref> Largely complete by 1230, the castle was of typical Norman courtyard design, with a central square without a [[keep]], bounded on all sides by tall defensive walls and protected at each corner by a circular tower. Sited to the south-east of Norman Dublin, the castle formed one corner of the outer perimeter of the city, using the [[River Poddle]] as a natural means of defence.

One of Dublin's most prominent landmarks is the [[Spire of Dublin]], officially entitled the "Monument of Light".<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/spire-cleaners-get-prime-view-of-city-26295336.html
|title=Spire cleaners get prime view of city
|work=[[Irish Independent]]
|access-date=5 June 2007
|date=5 June 2007
|archive-date=2 October 2013
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002082354/http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/spire-cleaners-get-prime-view-of-city-26295336.html
|url-status=live
}}</ref> It is a {{convert|121.2|m|ft|adj=on}} conical spire made of stainless steel, completed in 2003 and located on [[O'Connell Street]], where it meets Henry Street and North Earl Street. It replaced [[Nelson's Pillar]] and is intended to mark Dublin's place in the 21st century. The spire was designed by [[Ian Ritchie Architects]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archiseek.com/2010/2003-the-dublin-spire-oconnell-street-dublin/ |title=The Dublin Spire |publisher=Archiseek |year=2003 |access-date=20 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111110210127/http://archiseek.com/2010/2003-the-dublin-spire-oconnell-street-dublin/ |archive-date=10 November 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> who sought an "Elegant and dynamic simplicity bridging art and technology". The base of the monument is lit and the top is illuminated to provide a beacon in the night sky across the city.

The Old Library of [[Trinity College Dublin]], holding the [[Book of Kells]], is one of the city's most visited sites.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.irishtimes.com/business/transport-and-tourism/guinness-storehouse-tops-list-of-most-visited-attractions-1.1476060 | newspaper = [[The Irish Times]] | title = Guinness Storehouse tops list of most visited attractions | date = 26 July 2013 | access-date = 21 February 2020 | archive-date = 25 October 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201025215043/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/transport-and-tourism/guinness-storehouse-tops-list-of-most-visited-attractions-1.1476060 | url-status = live }}</ref> The Book of Kells is an illustrated manuscript created by Irish monks circa 800 AD. The [[Ha'penny Bridge]], an iron footbridge over the River Liffey, is one of the most photographed sights in Dublin and is considered to be one of Dublin's most iconic landmarks.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.traveldir.org/articles/europe/ireland/dublin/some_famous_landmarks_of_dublin.html |title=Some Famous Landmarks of Dublin&nbsp;– Dublin Hotels & Travel Guide |publisher=Traveldir.org |date=8 March 1966 |access-date=16 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912062428/http://www.traveldir.org/articles/europe/ireland/dublin/some_famous_landmarks_of_dublin.html |archive-date=12 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[File:O'Connell Street Dublin & Jim Larkin.JPG|thumb|upright|The [[Spire of Dublin]] rises behind the statue of [[James Larkin|Jim Larkin]].]]Other landmarks and monuments include [[Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin|Christ Church Cathedral]] and [[St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin|St Patrick's Cathedral]], the [[Mansion House, Dublin|Mansion House]], the [[Molly Malone]] statue, the complex of buildings around Leinster House, including part of the [[National Museum of Ireland]] and the [[National Library of Ireland]], [[The Custom House]] and [[Áras an Uachtaráin]]. Other sights include the [[Anna Livia (monument)|Anna Livia monument]]. The [[Poolbeg Generating Station|Poolbeg Towers]] are also landmark features of Dublin, and visible from various spots around the city.

===Parks===
[[File:Dublin Stephen's Green-44 edit.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of [[St Stephen's Green]]]]

There are 302 parks and 66 green spaces within the [[Dublin City Council]] area as of 2018,{{citation needed|date=April 2023}} with the council managing over {{convert|1500|ha|acre}} of parks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dublincity.ie/main-menu-services-recreation-culture/dublin-city-parks|title=Dublin City Parks|publisher=[[Dublin City Council]]|access-date=1 September 2015|archive-date=7 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107002959/http://www.dublincity.ie/main-menu-services-recreation-culture/dublin-city-parks|url-status=live}}</ref> Public parks include the [[Phoenix Park]], [[Herbert Park]], [[St Stephen's Green]], [[Saint Anne's Park]] and [[Bull Island]]. The Phoenix Park is about {{convert|3|km|0|abbr=in}} west of the city centre, north of the [[River Liffey]]. Its {{convert|16|km|0|adj=on}} perimeter wall encloses {{convert|707|ha|acre}}, making it one of the largest walled city parks in Europe.<ref>It is larger than all of London's city parks put together, and more than twice the area of New York's Central Park. {{cite web
|url=http://phoenixpark.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Phoenix-Park-Visitors-Guide.pdf
|title=The Phoenix Park Visitor Guide
|publisher=[[Office of Public Works]]
|access-date=1 January 2018
|archive-date=26 December 2018
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226015827/http://phoenixpark.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Phoenix-Park-Visitors-Guide.pdf%0A
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> It includes large areas of grassland and tree-lined avenues, and since the 17th century has been home to a herd of wild [[fallow deer]]. The residence of the [[President of Ireland]] (Áras an Uachtaráin), which was built in 1751,<ref>{{cite web|title=Outline History of Áras an Uachtaráin|url=http://www.president.ie/en/explore-visit/the-house|website=Áras an Uachtaráin|access-date=7 January 2013|archive-date=7 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107002650/https://www.president.ie/en/explore-visit/the-house|url-status=live}}</ref> is located in the park. The park is also home to [[Dublin Zoo]], [[Ashtown Castle]], and the official residence of the [[United States Ambassador to Ireland|United States Ambassador]]. Music concerts are also sometimes held in the park.

St Stephen's Green is adjacent to one of Dublin's main shopping streets, [[Grafton Street, Dublin|Grafton Street]], and to [[Stephen's Green Shopping Centre|a shopping centre named after it]], while on its surrounding streets are the offices of a number of public bodies.

[[Saint Anne's Park]] is a public park and recreational facility, shared between [[Raheny]] and [[Clontarf, Dublin|Clontarf]], both suburbs on the Northside. The park, the second largest municipal park in Dublin, is part of a former {{convert|2|km²|sqmi acre|sigfig=1|adj=on}} estate assembled by members of the [[Guinness family]], beginning with [[Benjamin Lee Guinness]] in 1835. The largest municipal park is adjacent (North) [[Bull Island]], also shared between Clontarf and Raheny, featuring a 5&nbsp;km beach, Dollymount Strand.

===City boundaries===
From 1842, the boundaries of the city were comprehended by the [[Barony (Ireland)|baronies]] of Dublin City and the barony of [[Dublin (barony)|Dublin]]. Over time, the city has absorbed area previously administered as part of County Dublin (now the three counties of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal and South Dublin), with a change in 1985 also returning areas to the county.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Changes to city boundaries
!Year
!Changes
|-
|1900
|Transfer of former urban districts of [[Clontarf, Dublin|Clontarf]], [[Drumcondra, Clonliffe and Glasnevin]], and [[New Kilmainham]] from County Dublin<ref>[[Dublin Corporation Act 1900]] ([[63 & 64 Vict.]] c. cclxiv)</ref>
|-
|1930
|Transfer of former urban districts of [[Pembroke, Dublin|Pembroke]] and [[Rathmines and Rathgar]] from County Dublin<ref>{{cite ISB|name=Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930|section=2|stitle=Inclusion of certain urban districts in the city|year=1930|number=27|parl=ifs|date=17 July 1930}}</ref>
|-
|1931
|Transfer of [[Drumcondra, Dublin|Drumcondra]], [[Glasnevin]], [[Donnybrook, Dublin|Donnybrook]] and [[Terenure]] from County Dublin<ref>{{cite ISB|name=Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930|section=17|stitle=Inclusion of certain rural areas in the City|year=1930|number=27|parl=ifs|date=17 July 1930}}; {{cite ISB|name=Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930|schedno=1|stitle=Added rural area|year=1930|number=27|parl=ifs|date=17 July 1930}}</ref>
|-
|1941
|Transfer of [[Crumlin, Dublin|Crumlin]] from County Dublin<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1941|type=prv|number=1|name=Local Government and Public Health Provisional Order Confirmation Act 1941|date=17 July 1941}}</ref>
|-
|1942
|Transfer of former urban district of [[Howth]] from County Dublin<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1940|number=21|name=Local Government (Dublin) (Amendment) Act 1940|section=4|stitle=Inclusion of Howth urban district in Dublin city|date=10 July 1940}}; {{cite ISB|year=1942|type=si|number=372|name=Local Government (Dublin) (Amendment) Act 1940 (Appointed Day) Order 1942|date=20 August 1942}}</ref>
|-
|1953
|Transfer of [[Finglas]], [[Coolock]] and [[Ballyfermot]] from County Dublin.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=1953|type=prv|number=1|name=Local Government Provisional Order Confirmation Act 1953|date=28 March 1953|schedule=y|access-date=13 September 2013|archive-date=7 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107002751/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1953/en/act/prv/0001/print.html%20|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|1985
|Transfer of [[Santry]] and [[Phoenix Park]] from County Dublin;
transfer of Howth, [[Sutton, Dublin|Sutton]] and parts of [[Kilbarrack]] including [[Bayside, Dublin|Bayside]] to County Dublin<ref>{{cite ISB|section=10|year=1985|number=7|stitle=Alteration of boundaries of Dublin City and County|name=Local Government (Reorganisation) Act 1985|date=3 April 1985|access-date=17 August 2021}}; {{cite ISB|type=si|year=1985|number=129|name=Local Government (Reorganisation) Act (Commencement) (No. 2) Order 1985|date=8 May 1985|access-date=17 August 2021}}</ref>
|-
|1994
|Alterations to western boundaries in the vicinities of [[Ballyfermot]] and [[Cabra, Dublin|Cabra]] on establishment of new counties<ref>{{cite ISB|type=si|year=1994|number=107|name=Dublin County Borough (Electoral Areas) (Amendment) Order 1994|date=29 April 1994}}; {{cite ISB|section=8|year=1993|number=31|stitle=Alteration of certain boundaries existing before establishment day|name=[[Local Government (Dublin) Act 1993]]|date=21 December 1993|access-date=14 June 2022}}</ref>
|}