Editing Drosophila (section)

====Polyandry====
The following section is based on the following ''Drosophila'' species: ''[[Drosophila serrata]]'', ''[[Drosophila pseudoobscura]]'', ''[[Drosophila melanogaster]]'', and ''[[Drosophila neotestacea]]''. [[Polyandry in animals|Polyandry]] is a prominent mating system among ''Drosophila''.<ref name=" Frentiu and Chenoweth">{{cite journal | vauthors = Frentiu FD, Chenoweth SF | title = Polyandry and paternity skew in natural and experimental populations of Drosophila serrata | journal = Molecular Ecology | volume = 17 | issue = 6 | pages = 1589–1596 | date = March 2008 | pmid = 18266626 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03693.x | bibcode = 2008MolEc..17.1589F | s2cid = 23286566 }}</ref><ref name=" Puurtinen and Fromhage ">{{cite journal | vauthors = Puurtinen M, Fromhage L | title = Evolution of male and female choice in polyandrous systems | journal = Proceedings. Biological Sciences | volume = 284 | issue = 1851 | page = 20162174 | date = March 2017 | pmid = 28330914 | pmc = 5378073 | doi = 10.1098/rspb.2016.2174 }}</ref><ref name=" Herrera et al. ">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herrera P, Taylor ML, Skeats A, Price TA, Wedell N | title = Can patterns of chromosome inversions in Drosophila pseudoobscura predict polyandry across a geographical cline? | journal = Ecology and Evolution | volume = 4 | issue = 15 | pages = 3072–3081 | date = August 2014 | pmid = 25247064 | pmc = 4161180 | doi = 10.1002/ece3.1165 | bibcode = 2014EcoEv...4.3072H }}</ref><ref name=" Pinzone and Dyer.">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pinzone CA, Dyer KA | title = Association of polyandry and sex-ratio drive prevalence in natural populations of Drosophila neotestacea | journal = Proceedings. Biological Sciences | volume = 280 | issue = 1769 | pages = 20131397 | date = October 2013 | pmid = 24004936 | pmc = 3768301 | doi = 10.1098/rspb.2013.1397 }}</ref> Females mating with multiple sex partners has been a beneficial mating strategy for ''Drosophila''.<ref name=" Frentiu and Chenoweth " /><ref name=" Puurtinen and Fromhage " /><ref name=" Herrera et al." /><ref name=" Pinzone and Dyer." /> The benefits include both pre and post copulatory mating. Pre-copulatory strategies are the behaviours associated with [[mate choice]] and the genetic contributions, such as production of gametes, that are exhibited by both male and female ''Drosophila'' regarding mate choice.<ref name=" Frentiu and Chenoweth " /><ref name=" Puurtinen and Fromhage " /> Post copulatory strategies include sperm competition, mating frequency, and sex-ratio meiotic drive.<ref name=" Frentiu and Chenoweth " /><ref name=" Puurtinen and Fromhage " /><ref name=" Herrera et al." /><ref name=" Pinzone and Dyer." />

These lists are not inclusive. Polyandry among the ''Drosophila pseudoobscura'' in North America vary in their number of mating partners.<ref name=" Herrera et al." />  There is a connection between the number of time females choose to mate and chromosomal variants of the third chromosome.<ref name=" Herrera et al." /> It is believed that the presence of the inverted [[Chromosomal polymorphism|polymorphism]] is why re-mating by females occurs.<ref name=" Herrera et al." /> The stability of these polymorphisms may be related to the sex-ratio meiotic drive.<ref name=" Pinzone and Dyer."/>

However, for ''[[Drosophila subobscura]],'' the main mating system is monandry, not normally seen in ''Drosophila.''<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Holman L, Freckleton RP, Snook RR | title = What use is an infertile sperm? A comparative study of sperm-heteromorphic Drosophila | journal = Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution | volume = 62 | issue = 2 | pages = 374–385 | date = February 2008 | pmid = 18053077 | doi = 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00280.x | s2cid = 12804737 | doi-access = free }}</ref>