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==== Increased mortality rate ==== A number of studies have found that intentional weight loss is associated with an increase in [[Mortality rate|mortality]] in people without weight-related health problems.<ref name="weight science2">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bacon L, Aphramor L | title = Weight science: evaluating the evidence for a paradigm shift | journal = Nutrition Journal | volume = 10 | pages = 9 | date = January 2011 | pmid = 21261939 | pmc = 3041737 | doi = 10.1186/1475-2891-10-9 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gaesser GA | title = Thinness and weight loss: beneficial or detrimental to longevity? | journal = Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise | volume = 31 | issue = 8 | pages = 1118–1128 | date = August 1999 | pmid = 10449013 | doi = 10.1097/00005768-199908000-00007 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sørensen TI, Rissanen A, Korkeila M, Kaprio J | title = Intention to lose weight, weight changes, and 18-y mortality in overweight individuals without co-morbidities | journal = PLOS Medicine | volume = 2 | issue = 6 | pages = e171 | date = June 2005 | pmid = 15971946 | pmc = 1160579 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020171 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ingram DD, Mussolino ME | title = Weight loss from maximum body weight and mortality: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Linked Mortality File | journal = International Journal of Obesity | volume = 34 | issue = 6 | pages = 1044–1050 | date = June 2010 | pmid = 20212495 | doi = 10.1038/ijo.2010.41 | doi-access = free }}</ref> A 2009 meta-analysis of 26 studies found that "intentional weight loss had a small benefit for individuals classified as unhealthy (with obesity-related risk factors), especially unhealthy obese, but appeared to be associated with slightly increased mortality for healthy individuals, and for those who were overweight but not obese."<ref name="harrington2"/>
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