Editing Determinism (section)

====Nature/nurture controversy====
Although some of the above forms of determinism concern human behaviors and [[cognition]], others frame themselves as an answer to the debate on [[Nature versus nurture|nature and nurture]]. They will suggest that one factor will entirely determine behavior. As scientific understanding has grown, however, the strongest versions of these theories have been widely rejected as a [[Fallacy of the single cause|single-cause fallacy]].<ref name="melo-martin">{{cite journal |author=Inmaculada de Melo-Martín |year=2005 |title=Firing up the nature/nurture controversy: Bioethics and genetic determinism |journal=Journal of Medical Ethics |volume=31 |issue=9 |pages=526–530 |doi=10.1136/jme.2004.008417 |pmc=1734214 |pmid=16131554}}</ref> In other words, the modern deterministic theories attempt to explain how the interaction of both nature ''and'' nurture is entirely predictable. The concept of [[heritability]] has been helpful in making this distinction.

* [[Biological determinism]], sometimes called ''genetic determinism'', is the idea that each of human behaviors, beliefs, and desires are fixed by human genetic nature.
* [[Behaviorism]] involves the idea that all behavior can be traced to specific causes—either environmental or reflexive. [[John B. Watson]] and [[B. F. Skinner]] developed this nurture-focused determinism.
* [[Cultural materialism (anthropology)|Cultural materialism]], contends that the physical world impacts and sets constraints on human behavior.
* [[Cultural determinism]], along with [[social determinism]], is the nurture-focused theory that the culture in which we are raised determines who we are.
* [[Environmental determinism]], also known as ''climatic'' or ''geographical determinism,'' proposes that the physical environment, rather than social conditions, determines culture. Supporters of environmental determinism often{{quantify|date=August 2014}} also support [[Behaviorism|behavioral determinism]]. Key proponents of this notion have included [[Ellen Churchill Semple]], [[Ellsworth Huntington]], [[Thomas Griffith Taylor]] and possibly [[Jared Diamond]], although his status as an environmental determinist is debated.<ref>{{cite journal
  |last = Andrew
  |first = Sluyter
  |title=Neo-Environmental Determinism, Intellectual Damage Control, and Nature/Society Science
  |journal = Antipode
  |volume = 35
  |issue = 4
  |doi = 10.1046/j.1467-8330.2003.00354.x
  |year=2003
  |pages=813–817|bibcode = 2003Antip..35..813S
 |url = https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1086&context=geoanth_pubs
 }}
</ref>